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Guias e Dicas
Guias e Dicas

4-vibração mecanicas, Notas de estudo de Eletromecânica

-vibração mecanicas

Tipologia: Notas de estudo

2011

Compartilhado em 25/01/2011

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Mechanical Vibration p.1
ANDERSON ANDRADE TRIGO - TEL./FAX: (16)39422003 - CELULAR (16) 97965130 - E-MAIL:aatrigo@uol.com.br
Vibrações
Mecânicas
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
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pfa

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Vibrações

Mecânicas

1. Rotational frequency

of the fan

2. Rotational frequency

of the motor

3. Misalignment of the

shaft at the coupling

4. Toothmeshing

frequency

5. A developing fault in

the ball-bearing

Fault Detection and Diagnosis

Types of Vibrations of a Machine

Rotor

Fundation

Bearing Pedestals

Absolute

Bearing Vibrations

Relative

Shaft Vibration

Absolute

Shaft Vibrations

Force Mobility Vibration

RPM

Forces * Mobility = Vibration

Brüel & Kjær
Enter
Prev^ Measure
F1 NextF2^ F3F4F
E^ Check On/Off^ Del

D D

Vibrations may be different from point to point Collector Data Collector Type 2526^ Brüel & Kjær K B 7/6-' Enter Previous Measure F5 (^) F4 F3 (^) NextF2 (^) F 36 9 25847

  • (^) E Check. Del 01 On/Off Collector Data Collector Brüel & Kjær Type 2526 K B 7/6-' Enter Previous (^) Measure F5 (^) F4 F3 F2 Next (^) F 36 9 52847
  • (^) E Check. 01 On/OffDel

Forces * Mobility = Vibration

RPM

Point 1

Point 2

Measurement time  (^) Harmonic signals can be measured in short time  (^) Random and Pulsed signals need longer time  (^) For FFT spectra C = 1 pr. average.  (^) With Digital Filtered CPB Adequate measurement time can be set up. B * T = C

B = Highest resolution of Analysis

T = The Shortest measurement time

C = Constant.

B * T = C

B = Highest resolution of Analysis

T = The Shortest measurement time

C = Constant.

Theoretical

C = 3 for Harmonic Signals

C = 30 For Random Signals

Theoretical

C = 3 for Harmonic Signals

C = 30 For Random Signals

In Practice

C = 5 for Harmonic Signals

C = 100 For Random Signals

In Practice

C = 5 for Harmonic Signals

C = 100 For Random Signals

Typical averaging time:

10 sec for 6%

5 sec for 23 %

20 sec. for slow running machines.

Typical averaging time:

10 sec for 6%

5 sec for 23 %

20 sec. for slow running machines.

Averaging f f f f n B = Bandwidth T = Time B*T > 1  t a BT  1 2

Summary  (^) Vibration gives the earliest warning of faults in rotating machinery  (^) Since the vibration value varies from point to point, each point should have individual reference.  (^) Frequency analysis of vibration gives a good assessment of machinery vibration.  (^) Each machinery component has its own Potential Failure Mode which can be detected by vibration.  (^) Vibration signals can be a mixture of stationary, harmonic, modulated, random and impulsive signals.  (^) Averaging is important for establishing good measurements.