Lectures on Urban Economics 2019-2020 Fall
Xiaofang Dong
Xiamen University
xfangdong@xmu.edu.cn
September 16, 2019
Xiaofang Dong (WISE) Urban Economics September 16, 2019 1 / 63
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Urban Economics Lecture Notes by Xiaofang Dong, Fall 2019-2020, Apuntes de Economía
Lecture notes on Urban Economics by Xiaofang Dong from Xiamen University, Fall 2019-2020. The notes cover topics such as the definition of Urban Economics, why cities exist, spatial economics, ancient cities, and the importance of cities. The document also discusses concepts like agglomeration economies, pecuniary and technological agglomeration, and transportation cost and firm location.
Tipo: Apuntes
2019/2020
1 / 63
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Lectures on Urban Economics 2019-2020 Fall
Xiaofang Dong
Xiamen University xfangdong@xmu.edu.cn
September 16, 2019
Lecture 1: Urban Economics and Cities
(^1) What is Urban Economics? Urban Economics Topics in Urban Economics Urban Economics resources on line Urban Economists
(^2) Why Do Cities Exist? Introduction Scale Economies Agglomeration Economies Transportation Cost and Firm Location Interaction of Scale Economies and Transportation Cost Example: The Economics of Shopping Center
Spatial Economics
Spatial economics deals with bringing location, transport, and land into economics.
- (^) Allocation of scarce resource over space
- (^) Varies at different spatial dimension: country(Trade theory),region(Regional economics),city(Urban economics) I (^) Regional economics focuses on the mobility of goods and production factors within a large, economically integrated space(Krugman,New economic geography) I (^) focus on increasing returns and imperfect competition I (^) without land
What is a City?
In history, we describe city like this:
- (^) ”邑者，民居之所聚也””凡邑，有宗庙先君之主曰都，无者曰邑”， 《左传，闵公元年》
- (^) ”筑城以卫君，建郭以居民”，《吴越春秋》 Several books are written to document the city development:
- (^) ”洛阳珈蓝记”
- (^) ”东京梦华录”
Ancient city:Rome
Rome, Italy: The Colosseum – a nearly 2,000-year-old stadium in the middle of a modern city – is one of the sites that reminds visitors of Rome’s glorious (and gruesome) old era.
Ancient city:Beijing
Beijing, China: China’s capital city has invested heavily in eye-popping modern architecture over the last two decades, but no new building speaks splendor like the city’s historic heritage sites, including the Forbidden City.
Night time images have a way of dramatically revealing the amount of land development in metropolitan areas.
Cities are attractive...
A young couple migrates into city seeking new life
- (^) new job
- (^) infrastructure and public goods
- (^) more convenient life
Cities are big...
Most Chinese cities are become bigger and bigger See below tables of the biggest cities in the world
Largest cities of the world in history by land
Largest cities of the world in history by land
The urbanization rate of the world is around 47.2%, and United states 80%,European 73.4% How about china?the eighteenth congress of CPC make an announcement of high urbanization in the future,Does it make sense?
Topics in Urban Economics
Why is the housing price on island of Xiamen almost triple compared with the houseing price outside the island?
Why do skyscrapers cluster in Manhattan or Chongqing in China?