Glosario competencia perfecta, Apuntes de Microeconomía

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GLOSARIO

Competencia perfecta

COMPETENCIA PERFECTA

La competencia perfecta en un mercado

significa que ninguno de los agentes puede

influir en el precio del bien o servicio, es decir,

tanto los vendedores como compradores son precio-aceptantes. PERFECT COMPETITION

Perfect competition in a market means that

none of the agents can influence the price of

the good or service, that is, both sellers and

buyers are price-acceptors.

PERFECT COMPETITION FEATURES

• Free concurrence
• Companies of perfect competition are "price- accepting". That is, there are a large number of companies and none has the capacity to influence the price, causing an idyllic situation in which the well-being of all participants is maximized.
• • Perfect information
  • For there to be a homogeneous product it is vital that the information on prices and products is perfect. In other words, the data must be transparent and clear.
• Homogeneous product
• Perfect competition requires the need for a homogeneous product that is not very distinguishable between competitors.
• • Absence of entry or exit barriers
  • The absence of entry barriers or exit barriers in an environment of perfect competition must be virtually nil.

MONOPOLIO

El monopolio es una estructura de mercado en donde

existe un único oferente de un cierto bien o servicio, es

decir, una sola empresa domina todo el mercado de

oferta.

monopoly

Monopoly is a market structure in which there is a

single offeror of a certain good or service, i.e. a single

company dominates the entire supply market.

Características de un mercado de competencia monopolística

• Hay un gran número de vendedores u oferentes.
• Los productos que se ofrecen no son homogéneos. Es decir, existe

diferenciación en los productos. Esta diferenciación puede darse en

aspectos como la calidad, el servicio post-venta o la ubicación.

• Las empresas tienen libertad de entrada y salida en el mercado.

Characteristics of a market of monopolistic competition

• There are a large number of vendors or bidders.
• The products offered are not homogeneous. That is, there is

differentiation in the products. This differentiation can occur in

aspects such as quality, after-sales service or location.

• Companies have freedom of entry and exit into the market.

oligopoly

An oligopoly is a market structure where there are few relevant competitors

and each of them has some ability to influence the price and quantity of

equilibrium.

In the oligopoly, competitors have market power, but at a lower level than

in the case of monopoly. This is because, instead of there being only one

bidder, there is a small group of companies.

CARACTERISTA DEL OLIGOPOLIO

• Pequeño grupo de productores.
• Los productores pueden influir sobre el precio y cantidad de

mercado.

• Son interdependientes estratégicamente hablando.
• Suele haber barreras de entrada para los nuevos productores.
• El producto ofertado puede ser indistintamente homogéneo o

diferenciado.