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Understanding Subject-Verb Agreement and Third Person Singular Verbs, Guías, Proyectos, Investigaciones de Idioma Inglés

An explanation of subject-verb agreement and the formation of third person singular verbs in English. It covers the concept of subject and verb agreement, the use of singular and plural verbs, and the changes required for certain verbs to form their third person singular form. It also includes examples and exercises to practice identifying and forming these verb forms.

Qué aprenderás

  • What is the difference between singular and plural verbs?
  • How do you form the third person singular form of verbs in English?
  • What is subject-verb agreement?

Tipo: Guías, Proyectos, Investigaciones

2021/2022

Subido el 20/02/2022

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Universidad Escuela Colombiana de Ingenieros
Name: __________________ Date: _________________________
Present Simple
FORM
Positive Question Negative
I
You
We
They
work.
Do
I
you
we
they
work?
I
YOU
We
They
do not
(don't) work.
He
She
It
works. Does
he
she
it
work?
He
She
it
does not
(doesn't)
work.
• There is only one form of you in English, which is the same in singular and plural.
• Note the endings with he, she, and it. If the verb ends in ss, sh, ch, or x, add es:
He finishes {finish ends in sh)
She watches (watch ends in ch)
Subject and Verb Agreement
When you use a verb, you have to say who or what is doing the action. This
‘who or what’ is the subject of the verb. The subject and the verb match each
other. You say that the subject and the verb agree when they match each other.
Use a singular verb if the subject is a singular noun. For example, the
subjects ‘my dad’ or ‘our school’, or any of the pronouns he, she or it, require
a singular verb. Most singular verbs end in s. Look at the subjects and their
verbs in these examples.
1. He always drinks milk when he’s hot.
2. She eats bananas for breakfast.
3. Mom walks to work every day.
4. My sister dances like a professional dancer.
5. The baby falls when she tries to walk.
6. Our cat climbs the trees in our garden.
This form of the verb is called the third person singular. You use it when
the subject of the verb is not you or the person you are speaking to, but some
other person—a third person—or a thing.
Here are some more third person singular verbs that end in s.
pf3
pf4
pf5
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Universidad Escuela Colombiana de Ingenieros Name: __________________ Date: _________________________ Present Simple FORM Positive Question Negative I You We They work. Do

I

you we they work?

I

YOU

We They do not (don't) work. He She It works. Does he she it work? He She it does not (doesn't) work.

  • There is only one form of you in English, which is the same in singular and plural.
  • Note the endings with he, she, and it. If the verb ends in ss, sh, ch, or x, add es: He finishes {finish ends in sh) She watches (watch ends in ch) Subject and Verb Agreement When you use a verb, you have to say who or what is doing the action. This ‘who or what’ is the subject of the verb. The subject and the verb match each other. You say that the subject and the verb agree when they match each other. Use a singular verb if the subject is a singular noun. For example, the subjects ‘my dad’ or ‘our school’, or any of the pronouns he, she or it, require a singular verb. Most singular verbs end in s. Look at the subjects and their verbs in these examples.
  1. He always drinks milk when he’s hot.
  2. She eats bananas for breakfast.
  3. Mom walks to work every day.
  4. My sister dances like a professional dancer.
  5. The baby falls when she tries to walk.
  6. Our cat climbs the trees in our garden. This form of the verb is called the third person singular. You use it when the subject of the verb is not you or the person you are speaking to, but some other person—a third person—or a thing. Here are some more third person singular verbs that end in s.

plays sings shines rides smiles

draws paints blows thinks stops

reads rains travels talks starts

The third person singular form of some verbs is made by adding es at the end. Some examples are verbs that end in sh, ch, ss, x, zz and o. brushes watches kisses fixes rushes reaches misses mixes polishes teaches passes buzzes crashes catches presses does washes touches dresses goes Here are some sentences with verbs in their third person singular form. She always brushes her teeth at bedtime. Dad polishes his shoes until they shine. My brother watches television after school. Kim catches the ball with one hand. Dad mixes flour and water when he makes bread. The bee buzzes around the flowers. My friend Sanjay goes to the same school as I do. How do you make the third person singular form of most verbs that end in y? Usually, you just change the y to an i and then add es. carry – carries hurry – hurries copy – copies cry – cries fly – flies marry – marries study – studies worry – worries bully – bullies

  1. A cat carries its kitten with its mouth.
  2. Mr. Chen hurries to work every morning.
  3. The baby cries a lot at night.
  4. This plane flies to the island every day.
  5. Alice tries hard at school.
  6. She copies all the questions in her notebook. Some verbs that end in y have a vowel before they. Just add an s at the end of these words to make the third person singular form. buy – buys say – says pray – prays pay – pays annoy – annoys stay – stays
  7. Mom buys bread at the supermarket.
  8. Mr. Carter pays all his bills with a credit card.
  9. My friend says he has a salt-water aquarium.
  10. She annoys me with her silly jokes.
  1. They go to school by bus. (question)

  1. Does she finish work at five o'clock? (positive)

  1. He goes to the cinema on Fridays, (question)

  1. I come from Africa, (negative)

  1. Does he live in this street? (positive)

  1. He works in a restaurant, (question)

  1. She gets up at five o'clock, (question)

  1. They eat a lot. (negative)

  1. Does he work here? (positive)

Fill in the blanks with the simple present tense of the verbs in parentheses.

  1. Winter _____________________________________ after autumn. (come)
  2. A dog _________________________________________________. (bark)
  3. You _______________________________________________ tired. (look)
  4. She ______________________________________ some mistakes. (make)
  5. Ali __________________________________ in a department store. (work)
  6. Judy ___________________________________ English very well. (speak)
  7. Tim’s knee ______________________________________________. (hurt)
  8. Monkeys ________________________________________ bananas. (like)
  9. Kate always ____________________________ sandwiches for lunch. (eat)
  10. He ____________________________________________ very fast. (type) VERB TO BE Singular Plural First person I am we are Second person you are you are Third person he is they are she is they are it is they are Learn these short forms called contractions: I am = I’m they are = they’re you are = you’re we are = we’re he is = he’s she is = she’s it is = it’s

is not = isn’t are not = aren’t Question Answer Example What Thing What is your name? When Time When is the party? Who Person Who is your brother? Where Place Where is the bank? Why Reason Why do you like pizza? How Directions How do you spell your name? WH Questions Structure WH questions in the simple present use “do” or “be”. Take a look at the structure for each of these verbs. Do WH + DO/DOES + SUBJECT + VERB Take a look at some examples: Where do you work? When does she wake up? Who is your brother? Be WH + BE + SUBJECT Here are the examples: Where are you from? Who is that man? When is your class? Open and Closed Questions In English you will find two main types of questions: open and closed. Closed questions have simple answers with few options. Open questions have many options. WH Questions are similar to YES/NO questions, but they have WH words at the start. Let’s look at an example of a yes/no question: Are you from Canada?

USE

  • For an action in progress now: I'm reading a grammar book now. What are you looking at? She isn't eating at the moment. The ing form of a verb is called the present participle. You use the present participle with am, is or are to make the present progressive tense. am + watching is + listening are + playing It is formed by adding ing to the infinitive: go -> going stay - staying The negative is formed by adding not: Would you mind not smoking? I am not smoking. smoke Note: the changes that are sometimes necessary: lie — lying (ie —* y) take — taking (single e: is omitted) see – seeing be - being sit — sitting (single vowel + single consonant — single vowel + double consonant run - running swim – swimming stand – standing sleep – sleeping blow – blowing (w,x,y,z) play – playing fix – fixing study cry fly playing, crying, flying, studying. Here some sentences in the present continuous tense. I am learning how to swim. I am not learning how to swim. I am eating my lunch. I am watching television. She is reading a book. She is not reading a book. Is she reading a book? Dad is baking a cake. My sister is listening to music. Uncle David is cleaning his car. The dog is barking in the garden. We are singing our favorite song. My brother and I are playing a computer game. The teachers are showing us a film. They are bringing a television set into the classroom. Practice Rewrite each sentence as a positive or negative sentence, or a question, according to the instructions.
  1. She's watching television now. (question)

  1. He isn't staying at this hotel, (positive)

  1. She's reading, (negative)

  1. They're working, (question)

  1. He's writing a letter, (question)

  1. He's eating, (negative)

  1. I'm not working, (positive)

  1. She's studying at the moment, (question)

  1. I'm sleeping, (negative)

  1. You're reading my newspaper, (question)

  1. She's writing a letter, (question)

  1. He's talking to Mary, (question)

  1. They're not playing football, (positive)

  1. He's listening to the radio, (question)

  1. You're playing with my football, (question)