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XAVIER UNIVERSITY NURS 341 0B EXAM 4 LATEST
2024/2025 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWRES
(150 QUESTIONS) 100% ACCURATE GRADED A
What is cleft lip and palate? Fissure connecting oral and nasal cavity may involve uvula or soft palate What are complications of a cleft lip? Aspiration, infections,difficulty eating cannot fix until older What is a tracheoesophageal fistula? connection between trachea and esophagus What is an omphalocele? Intestines protrude out of umbilicus covered by peritoneum
high risk for infection so keep moist until gravity brings organs back in, in 2 - 4wks What is gastroschisis? extrusion of abdominal contents through abdominal folds; not covered by peritoneum What are some common congenital cardiac defects?
- Left ventricular outflow obstructions
- Mitral stenosis, aortic stenosis, atresia
- Hypoplastic left heart
- Coarctation of the aorta
- Patent ductus arteriosus
- Transposition of the great vessels
- Tetralogy of Fallot
- Large ventricular septal defect
- Atrial septal defects What is spina bifida?
How does substance abuse affect an infant? Intrauterine asphyxia Intrauterine infection Alterations in birth weight Low Apgar scores Delay in oral feeding development Central nervous system (CNS) dysfunctions Impulsivity, cognitive impairment, speech and language abnormalities Learning disabilities indicative of CNS involvement What is Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome? A set of behaviors exhibited by infants who were exposed to narcotics in utero 55% to 90% of these infants experience withdrawal S/S: Irritability, unable to console, jittery, excessive sleepiness/yawning, high pitched cry T/F: infants of mothers who smoke are 4x more likely to die from SIDS True
T/F: mothers who smoke should not breast feed False T/F: most hereditary disorders are autosomal recessive True What is maple syrup urine disease? Can't break down branched chain amino acids Symptoms: Feeding problems, Neurologic signs, Maple syrup odor to urine Treatment - high doses of vitamin B6, , Special formula given What is congential hypothyroidism? Elevated TSH, low T4 in a premature infant What is phenylketonuria? Unable to convert amino acids leads to accumulation in brain and blood
- surfactant replacment What are S/S of RDS? See Saw respirations or lag, retractions, nasal flaring, grunting, cyanosis, tachypnea, apnea T/F: hold feedings if a baby is expereincing tachypnea? True could aspirate When does a baby with meconium aspiration need to be intubated? If they are not vigorous will also need to be suctioned What is cold stress?
Excessive heat loss tx: warm slowly, check temp, warm IV fluids What are the S/S of hypoglycemia? Lethargy, apathy, limpness; poor feeding, poor sucking reflex, vomiting; hypothermia, pallor, cyanosis, apnea, irreg. resp. or RDS, tachypnea, hypotonia, tremors, jerkiness, seizures, irritability, eye rolling, high pitched cry, exaggerated MORO reflex What will a post-term infant look like? Dry, cracking, parchment-like skin No vernix, lanugo Fingernails long Meconium staining Will appear alert When is an infant pre-term? less than 37 weeks
How do you treat hypoglycemia? If less than 20, D- 10 What is pathological jaundice? Jaundice that appears in first 24 hours due to infection or blood incompatibility What is physiological jaundice? Jaundice after 24 hours is normal treat with phototherapy When is a baby considered anemic? hemoglobin less than 11
What are the S/S of a infant with an infection? High or low temp lethargy jittery poor feedings What is early fetal death? infant dies under 12 weeks body takes care of it What is late fetal death? 12weeks-38weeks will have to be induced What is a still birth? got to 38 weeks
i) Better able to function at home and work, experiences a return of self- esteem and confidence, can cope with new challenges, and has placed the loss in perspective ii) The term recovery is not appropriate because the grief related to perinatal loss, as with any loss, can continue for life. Prolonged retention of the deceased fetus can lead to...? DIC and infection What are the First Five Levels? Naming Baby Future plans Nursery Prep Personal stories Continuing to bond What are the 3 means of disposing of the deceased infants body? i) Traditional burial via funeral home ii) Cremation at funeral home iii) Hospital disposition
What does infertility mean? Defined as failure to conceive after 12 months or more of unprotected intercourse What does sterility mean? absolute factor preventing reproduction What does subfertility mean? both partners have reduced fertility, prolonged time to conceive What does secondary infertility mean? couples who have not conceived after successful pregnancy How does weight affect fertility? Women - overweight or underweight can alter production and storage of sex hormones
What is oligospermia? low sperm count What is a Basal Body Temperature recording? gives an idea of fertile time, recommend sex every other day 3-4 days prior to 2-3 days after expected ovulation What can a transvaginal ultrasound detect? issues with ovaries, cysts, uterine size/shape, fibroids, polyps What is the most important test to perform on males to assess infertility? Semen analysis When do you collect semen for analysis? 2 - 3 days after abstinence
What is Climiphene Citrate (Clomid)? Used to induce ovulation take 50mg/day for 5 days, ovulation expected 5-9 days after last dose have sex every other day for a week What is a gonadotropin? used as first line therapy in those with low FSH/LH or second line in failed clomid administration What is bromocriptine used for? High prolactin levels What is Danazol used for? endometriosis
How do Combined Oral Contraceptives (COC) work? (i) Stops ovulation (ii) Thins uterine lining (iii) Thickens cervical mucus How do you take COC? qday at the same time get a new pack q21 or 28 days When do you need condoms when using COC?
- STDs
- first month
- when on antibiotics
- for a week if you miss a pill
If you miss 1 COC... take right away and then take the next days at the normal time If you miss 2 COC and they ar in the first two weeks... Take 2 pills for 2 days finish the pack as normal use condoms for 1 week If you miss 2 COC in the third week OR miss 3 COC... Start new pack use condoms for a week T/F: missing any of the last 7 pills in a 28 day pack will raise risk of pregnancy False
