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X-Ray Circuit Exam Review: Electricity, Electrostatics, and Magnetism, Exams of Electronic Circuits Design

A comprehensive review of unit ii for an x-ray circuit exam, covering fundamental concepts like the nature of electricity, electrostatics, and electromagnetism. It includes multiple-choice questions with complete solutions, covering topics such as electric charge, electrification of charges, electric potential, conductors, insulators, and electromagnetic induction. Designed to help students prepare for their exam by providing a structured review of key concepts and practice questions.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 11/01/2024

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Unit II- The X-Ray Circuit Exam Review
2023-2024 Questions With Complete Solution
*Nature of Electricity
1. is the study of stationary electric charges
2. is the study of charges in motion and is often considered "electricity" - ANS-1. electrostatics
2. electrodynamics
-Electric Charge
1. Is a property of __
2. Smallest unit of charges are the: 2
3. Si measurement of charge is the __: and it equals __
4. Conductivity increases with an __ in the number of free electrons in an atom - ANS-1. matter
2. proton, electron
3. coulomb;6.25 X 10^18 electrons
4. increase
*Nature of Electricity
1. __ increases with an increase in free electrons
2. Conductors: 3
3. Insulators: 3 - ANS-1. conductivity
2. copper, gold, aluminum
3. plastic, glass, and rubber
*Five General Principals of Electrostatics
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Unit II- The X-Ray Circuit Exam Review

2023 - 2024 Questions With Complete Solution

*Nature of Electricity

  1. is the study of stationary electric charges
  2. is the study of charges in motion and is often considered "electricity" - ANS-1. electrostatics
  3. electrodynamics

-Electric Charge

  1. Is a property of __
  2. Smallest unit of charges are the: 2
  3. Si measurement of charge is the __: and it equals __
  4. Conductivity increases with an __ in the number of free electrons in an atom - ANS-1. matter
  5. proton, electron
  6. coulomb;6.25 X 10^18 electrons
  7. increase

*Nature of Electricity

  1. __ increases with an increase in free electrons
  2. Conductors: 3
  3. Insulators: 3 - ANS-1. conductivity
  4. copper, gold, aluminum
  5. plastic, glass, and rubber

*Five General Principals of Electrostatics

  1. Like charges __ and unlike charges __
  2. The electrostatic charges between two charges is __ to the product of their quantities and __ to the square of the distance between them(aka coulombs law)
  3. Electric charges reside only on the __ of a conductor
  4. The concentration of charges on a curved surface of a conductor is __ where the curvature is greatest
  5. Only __ are free to move in solid conductors - ANS-1. repel, attract
  6. directly proportional, indirectly proportional
  7. external surface
  8. greatest
  9. negative charges(electrons)

*Electrification of Charges

  1. electrons are transferred from one object to another by rubbing two objects together
  2. electrons are transferred from a charged object to a conductor by touching together
  3. process by which an uncharged metallic object experiences a shift of electrons when brought into electric field of a charged object - ANS-1. friction
  4. contact
  5. induction

*Electric Potential

  1. In order for electricity to flow, a __ must exist
  2. is the ability to do work because of separation of charges
  3. Electrons follow the path of __ - ANS-1. potential difference
  4. electric potential
  5. least resistance
  1. a type of current that flows in only one direction - ANS-1. indirect current
  2. direct current

Resistance is measured in __ after Georg Simon Ohm who discovered the __ relationship between current and resistance; Ohms Law= - ANS-ohms, inverse, V=IR

4 factors affecting resistance - ANS-1. material

  1. length
  2. cross-sectional area
  3. temperature
  4. fewer electrons in this the more resistance
  5. Longer increases resistance
  6. smaller area increases resistance
  7. with metallic conductors, the resistance becomes greater as the __ of the conductor rises - ANS-1. material
  8. length
  9. cross-sectional area
  10. temperature

*Conductors, Insulators, and Electronic Devices

  1. __ are those materials with an abundance of free electrons that allow a relatively free flow of electricity, whereas __ have virtually no free electrons and are therefore very poor conductors of electricity
  2. __ have loosly bound electrons
  3. __ have tightly bound electrons - ANS-1. conductors, insulators
  4. conductors
  1. insulators

__ is a closed pathway through which electricity may flow - ANS-electric current

STUDY PICTURE FLASHCARDS - ANS-

*Conductors, Insulators, and Electronic Devices

  1. opens circuit
  2. temporarily store an electric charge
  3. increases or decreases voltage
  4. provide electrons through a chemical reaction; store an electric charge long term; provide electric potential - ANS-1. switch
  5. capacitors
  6. transformer
  7. batteries

STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER: __ VOLTAGE; __ AMPERAGE - ANS-lower, higher

*Conductors, Insulators, and Electronic Devices

  1. inhibit flow of electrons, regulate the flow of electricity in area and it is placed
  2. an adjustable or variable form of resistor
  3. allow electrons to flow in only one direction
  4. break circuit if there is a sudden surge of electricity - ANS-1. resistors
  5. rheostat
  6. diodes
  7. protective devices
  1. Magnetic fields are distorted by __ and unaffected by __ - ANS-1. flux
  2. south to north pole, north to south pole
  3. repel, attract
  4. magnetic materials, nonmagnetic materials

-Three Laws of Magnetism that promotes the Understanding of Electromagnetism

  1. Every magnet has a __ and __
  2. Like poles __ each other and unlike poles __ each other
  3. The force of attraction or repulsion varies directly with the __ of the poles and inversely with the __ between them - ANS-1. north and south pole
  4. repel, attract
  5. strength, square of distance

*Electromagnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

  1. The magnetic field is measured in the SI unit __
  2. MRI units in medical imaging use magnetic strengths from __ to __ - ANS-1. Telsa
  3. .5-5T

*Magnetic Properties

4 classifications - ANS-nonmagnetic materials

diamagnetic materials

paramagneti materials

ferromagnetic materials

*Magnetic Properties

  1. are not attracted to magnetic fields at all
  1. are weakly repelled by magnetic fields
  2. are weakly attracted by a magnetic fields
  3. are strongly attracted to magnetic fields - ANS-1. nonmagnetic materials
  4. diamagnetic materials
  5. paramagnetic materials
  6. ferromagnetic materials

__ and __ are two parts of the same basic force. That is any flow of electrons is surrounded by a __. Likewise, a moving magnetic field can create an __ - ANS-electricity and magnetism, magnetic field, electric current

*Electromagnetism and Electromagnetic

-Danish Physicist Hans Oersted

  1. Discovered a compass needle is deflected when placed near a __ carrying an __
  2. Later discovered that a __ with an __ can intensify - ANS-1. conductor, electric current
  3. solenoid(coiled wire), iron core

*Electronmagnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

-British Scientist Michael Faraday

  1. Discovered that moving a conductor through a __ induces an __ in that conductor
  2. This phenomenon is called __ current may be induced to flow in a conductor by moving that conductor through a __ or by placing the conductor in a moving __ - ANS-1. magnetic field, electric current
  3. electromagnetic induction, , magnetic field, magnetic field

*Two types of Electromagnetic Induction - ANS-1. mutual induction

  1. self induction

*General Xray Circuit

Three sections of the xray circuit include: - ANS-1. primary circuit

  1. secondary circuit
  2. filament circuit

Transformers regulate __ - ANS-kVp

*Primary Circuit

Consists of: 5 - ANS-1. main power switch

  1. circuit breaker
  2. autotransformer
  3. timer circuit
  4. primary side of step up transformer

*Primary Circuit

-Main Power Switch

  1. Is simply __ or __ for unit and is connected to the __ to the facility
  2. A line compensator regulates the inconsistent supply of __
  3. The device is wired into an __ which automatically adjusts the power supply as close to __ as possible
  4. __ are used to protect against short circuits and electrical shock
  5. The __
  6. The radiographer controls the autotransformer through the __ on the operating console, and directly determines the voltage applied to the xray tube to produce xrays - ANS-1.on, off, main power supply
  7. 220 volts
  8. autotransformer, 220 volts
  9. circuit breakers
  1. autotransformer
  2. kVp

*Primary Circuit

-Timer Circuit

  1. based on a synchronous motor designed to turn a shaft at 60 revolutions per second or 3600 per minute
  2. most widely used today; once the capacitor receives a programmed amt of charge it terminates the exposure; the amt it takes to reach this charge is controlled by a variable resistor - ANS-1. synochornous timer
  3. electronic timer

*Primary Circuit

-Automatic Exposure Control

  1. AEC controls the __ of radiation reaching the image receptor and therefore has no effect on other __ such as contrast. THe radiographer must still select the __ and in many cases the __
  2. The AEC is a device that serves to __. It consist of an __ that is place between the image receptor and the pt. As the radiation exits pt and passes through the ionization chamber, a signal is sent to __. The __ and __ of the body part becomes the timer variable - ANS-1. quanitity, image characteristics, kVp, mA
  3. terminate exposure, ionization chamber, terminator exposure, thickness, density

*Primary Circuit

-Step-Up Transformer

  1. Is used to __ voltage from the __ to kVp necessary for xray production
  2. Primary side of the step up transformer is on the __ of the circuit - ANS-1. increase, autotransformer
  3. primary side

*Secondary Circuit

  1. mA x sec=
  2. The step down transformer __ voltage but __ amperage
  3. A __ encourages the boiling off of electrons at the filament which __ the number of electrons send to the anode to produce xray photons - ANS-1. rheostat
  4. mAs
  5. reduces, increases
  6. high amperage, increases

*Filament Circuit

The __ is the final part of the filament circuit. There are typically __ and __ in the xray tube. - ANS- filament, small and large

*Filament Circuit

A __ and __ at the __ side where electrons are boiled off and driven to the __ side by a very high voltage supplied by the secondary circuit - ANS-small and large filament, cathode, anode