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practice school level general chemistry concepts
Typology: Exercises
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Bonding Basics - Covalent Bonds Name _______________________
Complete the chart for each element.
Follow your teacher’s directions to complete each covalent bond.
(1) Hydrogen + Hydrogen
(2) Hydrogen + Oxygen
Element # of Protons # of Electrons # of Valence Electrons # of Electrons to Fill Outer Shell
Carbon
Chlorine
Hydrogen
Phosphorus
Oxygen
Sulfur
Nitrogen
(3) Chlorine + Chlorine
(4) Oxygen + Oxygen
(5) Carbon + Oxygen
(6) Carbon + Hydrogen
(3) Chlorine + Chlorine (Diatomic Element)
(4) Oxygen + Oxygen (Diatomic Element)
(5) Carbon + Oxygen
(6) Carbon + Hydrogen
outermost energy level. By sharing one pair of electrons, both atoms are able to complete their outer shells.
Each oxygen atom needs two more electrons to fill the outermost energy level. By sharing two pairs of electrons, both atoms are able to complete their outer shells.
Each oxygen atom needs two more electrons to fill the outermost energy level and the carbon atom needs four electrons. By sharing two pairs of electrons, all three atoms are able to complete their outer shells.
Each hydrogen atom needs one more electron to fill the outermost energy level and the carbon atom needs four electrons. By sharing one pair of electrons, hydrogen and carbon are able to complete their outer shells.
