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Worksheet Acids and Bases Chapter 10, Exercises of Chemical Principles

Professor Laude Principles of Chemistry I complete worksheet

Typology: Exercises

2020/2021

Uploaded on 03/30/2021

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Week 9 Worksheet: Chapter 10 Acids and Bases
I. Identifying acid/base theories. For each molecule or ion in the table, identify whether it can act as an acid
or a base and put a checkmark under each theory or theories that describe it.
Molecule/Ion
Acid or Base
Arrhenius
Bronsted-Lowry
Lewis
Br-
CN-
H2CO3
NH3
HNO2
Ba(OH)2
HCl
CaCO3
AlCl3
Cl2
Cl-
KOH
IO3-
CH3COOH
HNO2
PO43-
II. Conjugate Acids and Bases. In each reaction, identify the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base.
Then, write which acid/base theory or theories describe the reaction.
(a) NH3 + H2O NH4+ + OH-
Theory: ____________
(b) NH4+ + H2O NH3 + H3O+
Theory: ____________
(c) 2NaOH + H2SO4 2H2O + Na2SO4
Theory: _____________
(d) HSO3- + CN- HCN + SO32-
Theory: _____________
(e) NH2- + H2O NH3 + OH-
Theory: _____________
(f) AlCl3 + Cl- AlCl4-
Theory: _____________
(g) BBr3 + NH3 Br3B-NH3
Theory: _____________
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Week 9 Worksheet: Chapter 10 Acids and Bases I. Identifying acid/base theories. For each molecule or ion in the table, identify whether it can act as an acid or a base and put a checkmark under each theory or theories that describe it. Molecule/Ion Acid or Base Arrhenius Bronsted-Lowry Lewis Br

CN- H 2 CO 3 NH 3 HNO 2 Ba(OH) 2 HCl CaCO 3 AlCl 3 Cl 2 Cl

KOH IO 3 - CH 3 COOH HNO 2 PO 4 3- II. Conjugate Acids and Bases. In each reaction, identify the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base. Then, write which acid/base theory or theories describe the reaction. (a) NH 3 + H 2 O  NH 4

  • OH

Theory: ____________ (b) NH 4 +^ + H 2 O  NH 3 + H 3 O+ Theory: ____________ (c) 2NaOH + H 2 SO 4  2H 2 O + Na 2 SO 4 Theory: _____________ (d) HSO 3 -^ + CN-^  HCN + SO 3 2- Theory: _____________ (e) NH 2 -^ + H 2 O  NH 3 + OH- Theory: _____________ (f) AlCl 3 + Cl

 AlCl 4

Theory: _____________ (g) BBr 3 + NH 3  Br 3 B-NH 3 Theory: _____________

III. Acid/Base Strength (a) What property do all strong acids and strong bases have in common? Write a reaction for HCl and water to illustrate your explanation. (b) Circle the stronger acid in each pair: NH 4

NH 3 H 2 O H 3 O

HXO HXO 3 (X is an unknown element) (c) Circle the weaker base in each pair: NH 4

NH 3 Cl-^ F- NaOH NH 4 OH NaOH NaHCO 3 IV. Ternary Acids/Bases Explain the order of increasing or decreasing acid strength and conjugate base strength for the following groups: (a) H 2 SO 3 , H 2 SO 4 (b) HNO 2 , HNO 3