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WILKES NSG 527 FINAL EXAM 2024 -
2025 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
DETAILED CORRECT ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) | A+ GRADE
involved in voluntary movement, learning, memory, and sleep? Correct Answer Acetylcholine Too much ___?_____is associated with depression, and too little in the hippocampus has been associated with dementia. Correct Answer acetylcholine correlated with movement, attention, and learning? Correct Answer Dopamine Too much__________?has been associated with schizophrenia, and too little_________? is associated with some forms of depression as well as the muscular rigidity and tremors found in Parkinson's disease. Correct Answer Dopamine associated with eating, alertness? Correct Answer Norepinephrine Too little _______? has been associated with depression, while an excess has been associated with schizophrenia. Correct Answer Norepinephrine involved in energy, and glucose metabolism? Correct Answer Epinephrine plays a role in mood, sleep, appetite, and impulsive and aggressive behavior? Correct Answer Serotonin
Too little_______? is associated with depression and some anxiety disorders, especially obsessive-compulsive disorder. Some antidepressant medications increase the availability of _________? at the receptor sites Correct Answer serotonin inhibits excitation and anxiety? Correct Answer GABA Too little ______?is associated with anxiety and anxiety disorders. Some antianxiety medication increases _____?at the receptor sites. Correct Answer GABA involved in pain relief and feelings of pleasure and contentedness? Correct Answer Endorphins
- Executive functioning and personality
- Maintain and focus attention
- Organize thinking, planning, speech, and motor activities
- Weigh consequences
- Set goals
- Modulate emotions
- Integrate ideas, emotions, and perceptions
- Shapes personality? Correct Answer Frontal Lobe
- Body sensations
- Motor activities, attention and perception of spatial relations
- Processes sensory impulses from the thalamus
- Maintains focused attention
- Registers acts of aggression
- Wernicke's area located in the left temporoparietal junction is responsible for the comprehension of speech?? Correct Answer Parietal lobe
- Emotion and memory circuits
- Control sleep wake cycle Correct Answer Dorsal raphe
- Involved in arousal and sleep- the "toggle switch"
- Switches the cerebral cortex on when individual is relaxed
- Switches limbic system on when there is a threat
- Regulates thalamus and cortex activities that are involved in emotions
- Involved in processing pain and in regulation of heartrate, breathing, perspiration, swallowing, coughing, salivation, urination, and sexual arousal Correct Answer Reticular activating system (RAS)
- Involved in arousal and sleep- the "toggle switch"
- Switches the cerebral cortex on when individual is relaxed
- Switches limbic system on when there is a threat
- Regulates thalamus and cortex activities that are involved in emotions
- Involved in processing pain and in regulation of heartrate, breathing, perspiration, swallowing, coughing, salivation, urination, and sexual arousal Correct Answer Reticular activating system (RAS)
- Bridges internal homeostasis and outside environment
- Involved with raw emotions of pleasure, reward, aversion, and rage
- Regulates the autonomic nervous system and secretion of pituitary hormones
- Involved in hunger, thirst, water balance, regulation of temperature, circadian rhythms, and stress response Correct Answer Hypothalamus
- Gaits information to the neocortex
- Processes information coming from the 5 senses and information coming from the amygdala and cerebellum before it goes to the neocortex
- Involved in wakefulness, sleep, and pain perception Correct Answer Thalamus
- Anxiety and anger
- Generates rudimentary emotions such as fear, rage, religious ecstasy, and sexual desire
- Surveys the environment
- Regulates fear and response to stress
- Evaluates expression of friendliness, fear, love, affection, distrust, and anger
- Contributes to emotional memories, especially fear
- Seeks attachment indiscriminately Correct Answer Amygdala
- Involved in negative emotions: disgust, pain, hunger, empathy, and callousness Correct Answer Insula
- Links emotions to actions and predicts the consequences of actions.
- Involved in experiencing intense love, anger, or lost.
- Activated when mother here's her infant cry.
- Involved into detecting how others feel and reaching to others emotions.
- Registers social rejection.
- Adjust behavior to social context. Correct Answer Cingulate cortex the memory structures
- regulates information coming to the neocortex.
- Involved in memory, learning, long-term memories, and retrieval of information.
- Builds cognitive maps of individual in relation to time, place, and past and present experiences.
- Assigns the time and place to an event. Correct Answer Hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus
1 Awareness and acceptance of cultural differences 2 Self-awareness of one's culture 3 Understanding the dynamics of cultural differences 4 Knowledge of the client's family culture 5 Adaptation of services to support the client's culture 6 Responding to families/family members in an empathetic manner. Correct Answer 6 Key aspects involved in providing cultural competent health care? family self-identified ethnicity, family's degree of acculturation (languages spoken, recent migration, Native culture, community discriminations, etc, religious preferences or practices) Correct Answer cultural empathy. The nurse should assess?
- Select appropriate system to work with
- Providing more time to work with unacculturated families
- Dealing with language differences
- Taking into account families interactional norms
- Focusing on family strengths and families' positive adaptation
- Promoting positive change
- Being aware of and utilizing family's support systems Correct Answer Family systems 7 Basic strategies for working with? John Bowlby Correct Answer first attachment theorist described as "lasting psychological connectedness between human beings? John Bowlby Correct Answer He believed early bonds formed by children with caregivers have tremendous impact and continues throughout life? Attachment theory Correct Answer Central theme is that primary caregivers respond to infants needs and child develops a sense of security?
Ainsworth Correct Answer expanded on Bowleys' original work in
- She described 3 major styles of attachment: secure, ambivalent-insecure, and avoidant-insecure attachment?
- Pre-attachment birth - 3 months 2.Indiscriminate 6 weeks - 7 months, 3.Discriminate Attachment: 7 - 11 months 4.Multiple Attachment: after 9 months Correct Answer Attachment theory stages? infants begin to show preference for primary/secondary caregivers. Begin to feel trust that caregivers will respond to their needs. By 7 months begin to distinguish familiar and unfamiliar people, respond more positively to primary caregiver? Correct Answer Indiscriminate 6 weeks - 7 months show a strong attachment to specific individual, will begin to protest when separated from primary attachment- separation anxiety and begin to display stranger anxiety? Correct Answer Discriminate Attachment: 7 - 11 months Prevent the occurrence of disease? Correct Answer Primary After the disease occurrence Early detection, diagnosis, treatment of signs and symptoms? Correct Answer Secondary Recovery and rehabilitation Maximize the level of functioning? Correct Answer Tertiary Health promotion and disease prevention Most exciting role for the family nurse Teach families to take responsibility for health and attain health goals by enjoying a healthy lifestyle?Type of prevention? Correct Answer Role of the Family Nurse-Functions-Primary prevention
Did not present a theory of nursing or family nursing Emphasized the presence of environmental factors in health and wellness Nurses care for the whole family unit in the home environment Correct Answer Nightingale's Environmental Model? Included family-as-context Collaboratively the nurse and family members identify complete assessment to determine goals and a plan of care The family unit provides socialization and establishes norms of behavior across the life cycle. Correct Answer King's Theory of Goal Attainment? Family is a unit of analysis, in the same context as the individual The family unit is adaptive and interacts with the external environment and internal and external stimuli. Correct Answer Roy's Adaptation Model? The client is an open system where family is defined Family is comprised of subsystems with relationships among the family members The ability to maintain wellness when exposed to stressors occurs through a series of exchanges in the open system of the model. Appropriate model for community-based health care. Correct Answer Neumann's Health System's Model? The family unit needs to sustain self-care Nursing works with individuals to achieve self-care in the family unit; the family unit is not the direct receiver of the health care services. Self-care of the family can incorporate health beliefs of the family Correct Answer Orem's Self-Care Model? A family has energy fields that respond to the environment similar to individuals.
Families have stages of development and progress in one direction Permeability of boundaries determines the degree of responsiveness required from environmental input Correct Answer Rogers's Science of Unitary Human Beings? Expansion of consciousness defines health. Individuals move unidirectionally to expand consciousness and allow this inside and outside of the family unit; can incorporate the family with community energy fields. As the individual of a family moves towards consciousness, he/she can explain the internal dynamics of the family. Correct Answer Newman's Expanding Consciousness Model?
- Promoting the health of one(sick individual) can improve the health of all(family)
- Primary care providers and are at the forefront of providing preventative care to the public.
- Help to discover health problems of other family members
- Able to identify level of prevention: Primary secondary Tertiary Correct Answer APN working with the family- Role of Advanced Practice Nurse(APN)
- Gaits information to the neocortex
- Processes information coming from the 5 senses and information coming from the amygdala and cerebellum before it goes to the neocortex
- Involved in wakefulness, sleep, and pain perception Correct Answer Thalamus
- Anxiety and anger
- Generates rudimentary emotions such as fear, rage, religious ecstasy, and sexual desire
- Surveys the environment
- Regulates fear and response to stress
- Midbrain- control many sensory and motor functions including eye movement Correct Answer Brainstem (Medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain)?
- Meeting the needs of society by mediating the interdependency that exists between family members and society. 2.Meeting the needs of the individuals in the family by fostering their personality development. Correct Answer According to Friedman, Bowden, and Jones (2003) the family has 2 purposes? known as homeostasis, equilibrium, or steady-state. Correct Answer Self-regulation (the ability of the family to balance) is known as? as a system of ideas and beliefs that bind them together, they serve as a general guidance of behavior, with the family as the transmitter of these values. Correct Answer Family values are defined as? generations, social classes, and personal beliefs or norms collide. Correct Answer Conflict can arise when differences among? can result in difficulty with interpersonal relationships and psychological issues into adulthood. Correct Answer Insecure attachment styles such as ambivalent and disorganized? fear of abandonment, separations, and the need for constant validation Correct Answer Ambivalent style is a result of? chaotic home life as a child, emotional turmoil and chronic fear and manifests as a tendency to either abuse or be the victim of abuse. Correct Answer Disorganized style results from?
cultural ignorance lead to poor communication, stigmatization, impaired assessments. Correct Answer Factors impeding the effectiveness of the nurse including? poor communication, stigmatization, impaired assessments. Correct Answer Factors impeding the effectiveness of the nurse including cultural ignorance lead to autocratic, syncretic, and autonomic Correct Answer Family power is often expressed as an? typology?
- Brain 2 Spinal cord
- csf (central spinal fluid)
- White matter and Gray metter Correct Answer The central nervous system's components? Afferent neurons are sensory neurons that carry nerve impulses from sensory stimuli towards the central nervous system and brain Correct Answer Function of afferent neurons? DOPAMINE is a special neurotransmitter because it is considered to be both excitatory and inhibitory. Correct Answer Inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter both? GABA Correct Answer excitatory neurotransmitters? Nerves that release acetylcholine are said to be cholinergic. In the parasympathetic system, ganglionic neurons use acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter to stimulate muscarinic receptors. Correct Answer Mechanism of action for neurotransmitters in the sympathetic nervous system? Myelin basic protein (MBP) constitutes ~23% of myelin protein,[4] myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, and proteolipid protein (PLP,
4: Referral and Obtaining Care-Contact with a health care provider is initiated. 5: Acute Response to Illness by Client and Family-The patient takes on the "sick role" and adaptation in this role begins with the patient and family. 6: Adaptation to Illness and Recovery- Support of the patient by the family unit begins for convalescing and rehabilitating. Correct Answer 6 stages of health/illness and family interactions? "the family is composed of persons joined together by bonds of marriage, blood, or adoption and residing in the same household" Correct Answer The definition of family is determined? Nuclear FamilyAdoptive Family Dual- Earner Family Childless Family Foster Family Extended Family Single-Parent FamilySingle Adult Living Alone Unmarried Teenage Mother Stepparent Family Binuclear Family Nonmarital Heterosexual Cohabiting Family Gay and Lesbian Family Correct Answer The American family today can be? 1Need for a change in focus and national initiatives 2Consumerism and popular demand for increased self-control 3Wellness movement 4Growing acceptability of alternative health modalities 5Lack of access to health services 6Growing emphasis on health in advanced nursing practice 7Growth in managed care and cost-effective, quality outcomes Correct Answer 7 factors are revitalizing an interest in primary prevention?
Comprehensive and recognizes the family within the context of the community Correct Answer Structural-Functional Strength(s) for Family Nursing? The family as a set of interacting elements distinguishable from the environment it interacts. Correct Answer Family Social Science Theories Systems Theory? Illness causing stress that changes family dynamics. Resources in the family for dealing with the stressor(s). Implications/reality of the event on families and how they will adapt. Limited application for meeting needs of healthy families-health promotion and disease prevention Correct Answer Family Stress Theory? Explains the developmental changes of family members through the years. Provides the ability to make predictions of family needs according the life cycle Correct Answer Family Developmental Theory? displays the family over three generations in a straightforward schematic diagram. Correct Answer A genogram? Ages Dates of marriage, divorce, and death Significant illnesses and mental disorders or chemical dependencies Immigration/ethnicity Geographic moves Occupations
Assists with control of dominating power structures among family members. Correct Answer Formation of coalition:? Lines of communication are determined by the age, sex, and personalities of family members and this creates a need for an intermediary or "go between" family member. Correct Answer Family communications network:? Power structure changes in families with evolution through the life cycles. Correct Answer Age and family life cycle factors:? 1 patriarchal 2 egalitarian Correct Answer two types of families that have been discussed through the years? patriarchal Correct Answer the father is the traditional head of the household who wields the power and other members of the family are subordinate to him? egalitarian family Correct Answer practices equality with consensus in decision-making and increased participation of children as they get older? 1violent, abusive, and 2negligent actions and include 3 spouse/intimate partner abuse, 4child abuse, sibling abuse, 5elder abuse, and parent abuse Correct Answer 5 recognized forms of abuse? Productivity/Individual achievement: These are highly regarded in traditional values. Individualism: Increase trend with movement for individualism and freedom of choice.
Materialism/The consumption ethic: Society defines as a cultural value. The work ethic: Historically, the value placed upon work has evolved in conjunction with economic times and expectations. Education: Education motivates productivity in families. Equality: The American culture values equality more than other cultures. Progress and mastery over the environment: Humans and nature are in harmony. Future time orientation: Cultures recognize the past, present, and future in dealing with societal issues. Efficiency, orderliness, and practicality: Resourcefulness. Rationality: The act of logical thinking in society to achieve family goals. Quality of life and maintaining health: Quality decisions on improving health in families is superseding acceptanc Correct Answer America's core family values that family nurses should have knowledge:? internal dynamic of a family and how they provide emotional support for encouraging positive social relationships, longevity, and decrease levels of stress Correct Answer Affective function is the? Maintaining mutual nurturance: Mutuality and reciprocity. Development of close relationships: Ability to have close, intimate relationships with other. Mutual respect balance: Held in high regard are the rights and needs of parents and children. Bonding and identification: Family members identify goals, interests and values in common that provides an enjoyable basis for the family to want to be together and relate to each other in meeting goals.
