Why is DNA called "The Blueprint of Life", Lecture notes of Genetics

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DNA

Why is DNA called "The Blueprint of Life"

1. How can small changes in DNA lead to big changes in traits? Some traits we can see, like curly coats in dogs. Some traits we cannot see, like the ability to taste chemicals. Do you like cilantro? Some people think it tastes like soap.

3. Structure of DNA was established by James Watson and Francis Crick

4. Rosalind Franklin photographed DNA using X Rays The shape of DNA is a double helix. Think of it like a twisted ladder.

6. A closer look at a nucleotide: Has three parts: PHOSPHATE DEOXYRIBOSE (sugar) BASE (A,T,G,C) Phosphate

Sugar

Base

7. DNA has millions of nucleotides How many can you count in this area?

9. DNA contains the instructions to build the organism. Could we use DNA to grow organisms that have become extinct? We can potentially CLONE extinct animals.

10. Base-Pair Rule Adenine <==> Thymine Guanine <==> Cytosine The sides of the DNA ladder are phosphate & sugar

12. Video “Stated Clearly: What Exactly is a Gene?”

13. Drawing Task. Let’s put all of this knowledge together and draw our own DNA.

True or False

1. All living things have DNA.
2. DNA can be found in the nucleus of cells.
3. DNA is made of thousands of chromosomes.
4. A strand of DNA contains only about 20 nucleotides.
5. The bases (A, T, G, C) can occur in any order.
6. Each chromosome has only one gene.

14. DNA REPLICATION the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself When does replication happen in the cell cycle? INTERPHASE

16. Getting the message out
    • DNA stays in the nucleus
    • It is used to make messenger RNA (mRNA)
    • RNA contains the code to build proteins
    • RNA leaves the nucleus and heads to the ribosomes where proteins are made

17. The Central Dogma SUMMARIZE: