Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Prepare for your exams
Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points to download
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Community
Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts
Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users
Free resources
Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors
The causes of the spread of Islam during the medieval era through the lens of innovation, trade, and conflict. Students will analyze primary and secondary sources to develop their own opinion on which factor had the greatest impact. a compelling question, supporting questions, featured sources, formative performance tasks, and a summative performance task.
Typology: Study notes
1 / 23
This page cannot be seen from the preview
Don't miss anything!
Which lead most to the spread of Islam: innovation, trade, or conflict?
Inquiry Standard 6.H.1.2, 6.H.2.1, 6.H.2.3, 6.G.1.2, 6.E.1.1, 6.C.1.
Staging the Compelling Question
Which lead most to the spread of Islam: innovation, trade, or conflict?
Supporting Question 1 Supporting Question 2 Supporting Question 3
Why would new innovations spread Islamic culture?
What effect did trade routes and travel have on the spread of Islam?
How did conflict spread Islam?
Formative Performance Task Formative Performance Task Formative Performance Task
Create an illustrated and annotated sign showing three innovations that people in the Islamic Empires created.
Write a journal entry from the perspective of a traveler through North Africa and the Middle East.
Create a T-chart comparing the positive and negative outcomes of Muslim expansion.
Featured Sources Featured Sources Featured Sources
Source A: Ibn Sina’s Canon of Medicine Source B: Drawing of viscera etc., Avicenna, Canon of Medicine.
Source A: The Economy of Muslim Societies Map Source B: Travels of Ibn Battuta Source C: Mansa Musa’s Hajj Source D: Image of Mansa Musa's Hajj
Source A: Timeline of Major Events in the History of Islam Source B: The Battle Of The Yarmuk (636) Source C: Pact of Umar Source D: Chart of the Size of Major World Empires
Summative Performance Task
ARGUMENT Write a claim of which cause: innovation, trade, or conflict, most significantly impacted the spread of Islam. EXTENSION Create a visual presentation of your argument.
Taking Informed Action
UNDERSTAND Analyze how ideas spread in the 21st century. Compare and contrast how ideas spread during the early Islamic Empires from 6th to 14th centuries CE. ASSESS Explain how modern platforms spread innovation, technology and/or conflict today. ACTION Use one of the platforms through which ideas spread today to share information about a new technology or innovation that you think will have a significant impact on human history.
Staging the Compelling Question Compelling Question Which lead most to the spread of Islam: innovation, trade, or conflict?
Featured Sources Source A Source B : Question Formulation Technique: Prayer in Mecca Time Lapse Video
During the medieval era, the early Islamic Empires preserved knowledge from the Greeks and Roman eras by translating texts into Arabic, creating libraries and an advanced civilization. They expanded their religion by conquering new territories and creating empires. Global trade during this time also had a significant impact on the spread of Islam. Which had the greatest impact on the spread of Islam?
Use the Question Formulation Technique (QFT) with this video of the walk around the Kaaba during the hajj: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KGukAoiGhZU
Compelling Question Featured Source A (^) Question Formulation Technique
Use this strategy to allow students to create their own questions to increase student inquiry and engagement.
Source:Source: “Teach Students to Ask Their Own Questions.” Right Question Institute, 2018, rightquestion.org/education/.
Supporting Question 1 Supporting Question Why would new innovations spread Islamic culture? Formative Performance Task
Create an illustrated and annotated sign showing three innovations that people in the Islamic Empires created.
Featured Sources Source A Source B : Ibn Sina’s Canon of Medicine: Drawing of viscera etc., Avicenna, Canon of Medicine.
During Islamic rule in the medieval era in Southwest Asia and West Africa, the civilization created and expanded on many innovations. Some of these include the astrolabe, Ibn Sina's Canon of Medicine, Arabic numerals, algebra and many others. Students will reflect on how these innovations helped to spread the Islamic religion.
Students will use the information from the sources to create a sign or poster showing the innovations created by the Muslims in West Africa and Southwest Asia. The sign will include illustrations of at least three innovations. Each illustration should have a captions explaining the significance of that innovation.
Supporting Question 1 Featured Source A (^) Ibn Sina’s Canon of Medicine
Ibn Sina’s studies began in Bukhara [a city in the Persian Empire] under the guidance of several well-known scholars of the time, for example, Abu Abd Allah al-Natili. He studied logic, philosophy, metaphysics, and natural sciences, and gradually developed an interest in medicine. His knowledge soon began to exceed that of his teachers. Ibn Sina began writing his major medical composition, Kitab al-Qanun fi al-tibb (Canon of Medicine).
Ibn Sina divided his Canon of Medicine into five books (Savage-Smith 1996). The first book...concerns basic medical and physiological principles as well as anatomy, regimen, and general therapeutic procedures. The second book is on medical substances... The third book concerns the diagnosis and treatment of diseases specific to one part of the body, while the fourth covers conditions not specific to one bodily part, such as poisonous bites and obesity. The final, fifth, book is a formulary of compound remedies.
Source:Source: Nasser M, Tibi A, Savage-Smith E (2007). Ibn Sina’s Canon of Medicine: 11th century rules for assessing the effects of drugs. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation (http://www.jameslindlibrary.org/articles/ibn-sinas..)
Supporting Question 2 Supporting Question What effect did trade routes and travel have on the spread of Islam? Formative Performance Task
Write a journal entry from the perspective of a traveler through North Africa and the Middle East.
Featured Sources
Source A : The Economy of Muslim Societies Map Source B : Travels of Ibn Battuta Source C : Mansa Musa’s Hajj Source D : Image of Mansa Musa's Hajj
The Middle East and North Africa were located on major world trading routes. Trade between Africa, Asia and Europe helped to spread Islam. Students will explore two different Muslims and their reasons for travel to better understand how interactions through trade and travel helped to spread the Islamic faith.
Using the information gained from the three sources, image what it would have been like to be a person traveling for trade or on pilgrimage to Mecca through North Africa and the Middle East. Describe what types of people one might meet on the journey. Describe what types of cultural diffusion might have happened as a result of these interactions.
Supporting Question 2 Featured Source A (^) The Economy of Muslim Societies Map
Cohen, Sharon, and Susan Douglass. “Landscape Teaching Unit 5.2, Afroeurasia and the Rise of Islam, 600-1000 CE.” World History for Us All, pp. 38, worldhistoryforusall.ss.ucla.edu/units/five/landscape/05_landscape2.pdf.
Supporting Question 2 Featured Source C (^) Mansa Musa’s Hajj
This is a page from the Catalan Atlas, a medieval map produced in 1375. In the lower right corner sits Mansa Musa, King of Mali, who is credited with helping to spread Islam throughout West Africa. He is holding a gold nugget.
Source:Source:
“Ancient Ghana, Mali, and Songhay: Cluster Web Activity.” PBS LearningMedia, 2015, d43fweuh3sg51.cloudfront.net/media/media_files/9vqevp9c9qylms1uh5jd73smx3mn9w6g.pdf+.
Supporting Question 2 Featured Source D (^) Image of Mansa Musa's Hajj
“Catalan Atlas.” Library of Congress, 23 Oct. 2003, Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris, France, www.loc.gov/rr/amed/guide/images/a32s.jpg.
Supporting Question 3 Featured Source A (^) Timeline of Major Events in the History of Islam
The following chronology marks dates when various regions were first introduced to Islam. It also gives the dates when Muslims probably became a majority of the population in those regions. The timeline also records trends in cultural and religious influence by both Muslims and non-Muslims which affected the spread of Islam.
*Edited from the original source. Not all events are included.
622 Muhammad and the Muslims migrated from Makkah to Madinah at the invitation of the Madinans. Muhammad became the city’s leader, and the first Muslim community was established.
630 Makkah surrendered to the Muslim force, placing the city under Muslim rule. Many members of Quraysh accepted Islam shortly after.
632 Muhammad died, leaving much of the Arabian Peninsula under Muslim rule.
634 - 650 Muslim armies defeated Byzantine and Persian imperial armies, bringing Syria, Iraq, Egypt, and Iran under Muslim rule, including the cities of Jerusalem, Damascus, and Alexandria.
*c. 800-850 Islam became the faith of the majority of people in Iran.
By the 900s CE, Islam became the majority religion in northeastern Iran and Inner Eurasia.
*c. 850-900 Islam became the majority religion in Iraq, Egypt, and Tunisia.
*c. 940-1000 Islam became the majority religion in Muslim-ruled parts of the Iberian Peninsula (today’s Spain and Portugal).
1099 - 1187 Western European Crusader armies held Jerusalem.
11th c Muslim traders in West Africa began to spread Islam.
1040s The Almoravids, a Muslim Berber ruling group, spread Islam in Mauritania and other parts of West Africa. They campaigned against the Soninke kings of Ghana.
1060s The Almoravids ruled in North Africa and Muslim Spain (al Andalus). The empire of Ghana weakened.
*c.1200 Islam became the majority religion in Syria.
End 13th c. Muslims settled in northern parts of Sumatra (today’s Indonesia). Muslim traders had close trade and cultural contacts in the trading cities on the east Indian coast, such as Gujarat.
ca.1300 Islam became the majority faith in Anatolia (part of today’s Turkey).
1295 the Ilkhan ruler Ghazan "the Reformer" was the first Mongol leader to become Muslim, along with most of his Mongol generals.
1324 - 25 Mansa Musa, king of Mali, made the pilgrimage journey to Makkah, strengthening Mali’s links with Islam.
14th c. Mali, Gao, and Timbuktu, cities on the Niger River in west Africa became important centers of Muslim trade and scholarship
15th c. A ruler of Malacca converted to Islam, while that port city was becoming an important stop on the China-Indian Ocean trade routes. From Malacca, Islamic influence spread in the Malay peninsula and nearby islands.
1453 Ottoman forces conquered the city of Constantinople, ending the Byzantine Empire.
1085 - 1492 Spanish Christian forces carried out Reconquista in the Iberian Peninsula.
1495 Muslims and Jews were expelled from Spain, while others were forced to convert to Christianity.
Source:Source: Cohen, Sharon, and Susan Douglass. “Landscape Teaching Unit 5.2, Afroeurasia and the Rise of Islam, 600- 1000 CE.” World History for Us All, pp. 23–24., worldhistoryforusall.ss.ucla.edu/units/five/landscape/05_landscape2.pdf.
Supporting Question 3 Featured Source C (^) Pact of Umar
The Status of Non-Muslims Under Muslim Rule
After the rapid expansion of the Muslim dominion in the 7th century, Muslims leaders were required to work out a way of dealing with Non-Muslims, who remained in the majority in many areas for centuries. The solution was to develop the notion of the "dhimma", or "protected person". The Dhimmi were required to pay an extra tax, but usually they were unmolested. This compares well with the treatment meted out to non- Christians in Christian Europe. The Pact of Umar is supposed to have been the peace accord offered by the Caliph Umar to the Christians of Syria, a "pact" which formed the patter of later interaction.
When Umar ibn al-Khattab, may God be pleased with him, accorded a peace to the Christians of Syria, we wrote to him as follows:
We shall not manifest our religion publicly nor convert anyone to it. We shall not prevent any of our kin from entering Islam if they wish it...
We accept these conditions for ourselves and for the people of our community, and in return we receive safe- conduct.
Source:Source: “Pact of Umar, 7th Century?” Siraj Al-Muluk, by Al-Turtushi, pp. 229–230, sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/pact-umar.asp.
Supporting Question 3 Featured Source D (^) Chart of the Size of Major World Empires
“Big Era Five.” World History For Us All: Big Era 5, San Diego State University, worldhistoryforusall.ss.ucla.edu/eras/era5.php.
