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Waves, Optics Notes 2025, Lecture notes of Physics

a lot of people have asked for notes for physics and chem too. I just compiled them from Keep right now. THESE ARE sorted by topic, but aren't that extensive. Couldn't find the chem notes, sorry about that! Anyway, here you go:

Typology: Lecture notes

2024/2025

Available from 07/06/2025

FATTOUH
FATTOUH 🇺🇸

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uses of optical fibres in medicine
light travels down optical fibres into or out of body:
TO examine internal organ
light travels both ways into and out of body
TO destroy (cancerous cells)
by heating them
OR used in endoscope (bundle of fibres)
which is put into body to view internal organ OR for keyhole surgery
conditions for TIR
incident ray from optically dense medium
angle of incidence greater than critical angle
no light refracted
reflected with i=r
describe what is meant by transverse wave motion
transmission of energy (through medium) AND no transfer of energy;
direction of vibration of particles;
perpendicular to direction to energy travel/wave/propagation;
slowing of light in terms of wavefronts
one side of wavefront slows down before other side;
wavefront slews around OR bends at boundary;
bends towards the normal OR bends towards the side that slows first;
why X-rays okay for patient but dentist needs to be shielded
patient rarely exposed
low total dose on patient
meaningful comment about benefit outweighs danger
dentist frequently exposed
total dose on dentist will be high if not shielded
optical fibres in communication tech
information/message/sound/signal/data encoded as pulses of light is sent through
fibre;
light (or IR radiation) travels along fibre;
light detected at far end or message decoded or total internal reflection mentioned;
what happens when incident ray increases the angle of incidence to critical
angle
angle (form normal) of refraction increases
refracted ray travels along boundary OR reflected ray becomes brighter
critical angle reached
light reflects back into glass with i = r
use of optical fibres
to carry telephone signals;
medical diagnosis/imaging;
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uses of optical fibres in medicine light travels down optical fibres into or out of body: TO examine internal organ light travels both ways into and out of body TO destroy (cancerous cells) by heating them OR used in endoscope (bundle of fibres) which is put into body to view internal organ OR for keyhole surgery conditions for TIR incident ray from optically dense medium angle of incidence greater than critical angle no light refracted reflected with i=r describe what is meant by transverse wave motion transmission of energy (through medium) AND no transfer of energy; direction of vibration of particles; perpendicular to direction to energy travel/wave/propagation; slowing of light in terms of wavefronts one side of wavefront slows down before other side; wavefront slews around OR bends at boundary; bends towards the normal OR bends towards the side that slows first; why X-rays okay for patient but dentist needs to be shielded patient rarely exposed low total dose on patient meaningful comment about benefit outweighs danger dentist frequently exposed total dose on dentist will be high if not shielded optical fibres in communication tech information/message/sound/signal/data encoded as pulses of light is sent through fibre; light (or IR radiation) travels along fibre; light detected at far end or message decoded or total internal reflection mentioned; what happens when incident ray increases the angle of incidence to critical angle angle (form normal) of refraction increases refracted ray travels along boundary OR reflected ray becomes brighter critical angle reached light reflects back into glass with i = r use of optical fibres to carry telephone signals; medical diagnosis/imaging;

specified artistic display; specified lighting;