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Warburg effect in cancer, Cheat Sheet of Genetics

Warburg effect in cancer

Typology: Cheat Sheet

2019/2020

Uploaded on 08/02/2021

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Unravelling
the
Warburg effect
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Unravelling

the

Warburg effect

BEFORE DIVING IN,

EN MASSE…

WARBURG EFFECT AND ATP

Rate of glucose metabolism 10-100 times faster Evolutionary game theory support that cells with a higher rate, but lower yield, of ATP production may gain a selective advantage. Alternate ways to satiate ATP demand – Creatinine kinase and Adenylate kinase

WARBURG AND BIOSYNTHESIS De novo generation of nucleotides, lipids, and proteins.  (^) Increased glucose uptake allows for greater synthesis of these reducing equivalents in the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway, which are then used in reductive biosynthesis. Regeneration of NAD+ from NADH in the pyruvate to lactate step that completes aerobic glycolysis. Anabolic pathways require increased expression of biosynthesis genes and the tradeoff occurs by limiting the use of mitochondria. Acetyl Co-A  Carbon source

WARBURG AND LACTATE

Gluconeogenesis

Lactic Acidosis – Tumor Microenvironment

Facilitates Invasion and Metastasis

Protects cells from Glucose deprivation

 Quiescent state at G0/G1 phase – G1/S transition inhibitor,

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 Activate autophagy

 Inhibit Apoptosis - Akt

HERE WE GO AGAIN…

WHAT’S UP WITH THE SWITCH?

Oxidative Phosphorylation Aerobic Glycolysis