Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 5-1
Ch. 5 Key Terms
Accounting systems—systems that include budget, accounts receivable, payroll, asset management, and
general ledger.
Batch processing system—method of computerized processing in which business transactions are
accumulated over a period of time and prepared for processing as a single unit or batch.
Best practices—the most efficient and effective ways to complete a business process.
Business-to-business (B2B) e-commerce—a subset of e-commerce where all the participants are
organizations.
Business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce—a form of e-commerce in which customers deal directly with
an organization and avoid intermediaries.
Certificate authority (CA)—a trusted third-party organization or company that issues digital certificates.
Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) e-commerce—a subset of e-commerce that involves consumers selling
directly to other consumers.
Customer relationship management (CRM) system—a system that helps a company manage all aspects
of customer encounters, including marketing and advertising, sales, customer service after the sale, and
programs to retain loyal customers.
Cybermall—a single Web site that offers many products and services at one Internet location.
Data collection—the process of capturing and gathering all data necessary to complete transactions.
Data correction—the process of reentering data that was not typed or scanned properly.
Data editing—the process of checking data for validity and completeness.
Data manipulation—the process of performing calculations and other data transformations related to
business transactions.
Data storage—the process of updating one or more databases with new transactions.
Digital certificate—an attachment to an e-mail message or data embedded in a Web site that verifies the
identity of a sender or Web site.
Disaster recovery plan (DRP)—a formal plan describing the actions that must be taken to restore
computer operations and services in the event of a disaster.
Document production—the process of generating output records and reports.
Dynamic Web pages—Web pages containing variable information that are built to respond to a specific
Web visitor’s request.
eGovernment—the use of information and communications technology to simplify the sharing of
information, speed formerly paper-based processes, and improve the relationship between citizen and
government.
Electronic bill presentment—a method of billing whereby a vendor posts an image of your statement on
the Internet and alerts you by e-mail that your bill has arrived.
Electronic cash—an amount of money that is computerized, stored, and used as cash for e-commerce
transactions.
Electronic commerce—conducting business activities (e.g., distribution, buying, selling, marketing, and
servicing of products or services) electronically over computer networks such as the Internet, extranets, and
corporate networks.
Electronic exchange—an electronic forum where manufacturers, suppliers, and competitors buy and sell
goods, trade market information, and run back-office operations.
Electronic retailing (e-tailing)—the direct sale from business to consumer through electronic storefronts,
typically designed around an electronic catalog and shopping cart model.
Enterprise system—a system central to the organization that ensures information can be shared across all
business functions and all levels of management to support the running and managing of a business.
Market segmentation—the identification of specific markets to target with advertising messages.
