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Vibrations, Waves and Sound - Solved Exercise - Basic Concepts of Physics, Exercises of Physics

Central University of South BiharPhysics

"Basic Concepts of Physics" course objective is to introduce the terms like: Newton’s Motion Laws, Momentum, Energy, Rotation, Gravity, Liquids, Gases, Plasmas, Heat, Vibrations and Waves, Sound, Electrostatics, Electric current, Magnetism, Electromagnetic Induction, Properties of Light, Color. In this exercise questions are about: Vibrations, Waves and Sound, Doppler Shifts, Spinning, Sound, Molecules, Amplitude

Typology: Exercises

2012/2013

Uploaded on 08/13/2013

madangopal
madangopal 🇮🇳

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1) Astronomersfindthatlightemittedbyaparticularelementatoneedgeofthesunhasaslightly
higherfrequencythanlightfromthatelementattheoppositeedge.Whatdothese
measurementstellusaboutthesun’smotion?
TheseareDopplershifts,andshowthatonesideismovingtowardstheearthwhiletheotherside
recedes,i.e.evidencethattheSunisspinning.
2) Aweightsuspendedfromaspringisseentobobupanddownoveradistanceof20cmtwice
eachsecond.Whatisitsfrequency?Itsperiod?Itsamplitude?
Twiceeachsecondfrequency=2Hzandperiod=1/frequency=0.5s(i.e.timetocomplete
onecycleishalfasecond).
Distance20cmforwholeupanddowndistanceamplitude=10cm
3) Whattwophysicsmistakesoccurinasciencefictionmoviethatshowsadistantexplosionin
outerspacewhereyouseeandheartheexplosionatthesametime?
Totraveltousfromouterspace,thewavemustbeabletotravelthroughregionsofspacewhichare
essentiallyvacuum(nothingthere).Soundcannotdothis,asitrequiresamediumtopropagatein,
sowewouldnotbeabletoheartheexplosion.Thisisonemistake.Thesecondmistakeisthat
soundandlighttravelatverydifferentspeeds–lighttravelsaboutamilliontimesfasterthansound,
sotheexplosioncouldnotbeseenandheardatthesametime(evenifitcouldbeheard),itwould
beheardlater.
4)Whyisthesoundofaharpsoftincomparisonwiththesoundofpiano?
Aharpproducesrelativelysoftersoundsthanapianobecauseitssoundingboardissmallerandlighter,
i.e.withapianothereismorewoodthatisforcedintovibrationwhenapianostringisplucked,and
consequentlymoresurroundingairmoleculesthatvibrate…
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Download Vibrations, Waves and Sound - Solved Exercise - Basic Concepts of Physics and more Exercises Physics in PDF only on Docsity!

  1. Astronomers find that light emitted by a particular element at one edge of the sun has a slightly higher frequency than light from that element at the opposite edge. What do these measurements tell us about the sun’s motion? These are Doppler shifts, and show that one side is moving towards the earth while the other side recedes, i.e. evidence that the Sun is spinning.
  2. A weight suspended from a spring is seen to bob up and down over a distance of 20 cm twice each second. What is its frequency? Its period? Its amplitude? Twice each second  frequency = 2Hz and period = 1/frequency = 0.5s (i.e. time to complete one cycle is half a second). Distance 20cm for whole up and down distance  amplitude = 10cm
  3. What two physics mistakes occur in a science fiction movie that shows a distant explosion in outer space where you see and hear the explosion at the same time? To travel to us from outer space, the wave must be able to travel through regions of space which are essentially vacuum (nothing there). Sound cannot do this, as it requires a medium to propagate in, so we would not be able to hear the explosion. This is one mistake. The second mistake is that sound and light travel at very different speeds – light travels about a million times faster than sound, so the explosion could not be seen and heard at the same time (even if it could be heard), it would be heard later.
  4. Why is the sound of a harp soft in comparison with the sound of piano? A harp produces relatively softer sounds than a piano because its sounding board is smaller and lighter, i.e. with a piano there is more wood that is forced into vibration when a piano string is plucked, and consequently more surrounding air molecules that vibrate…

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