Valence Electrons, Ions,
and the Periodic Table
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Understanding Valence Electrons, Ions, and the Periodic Table: Valence Electrons & Ionic C, Schemes and Mind Maps of Chemistry
An introduction to valence electrons, their role in the periodic table, and the formation of ions. It includes exercises for determining the number of valence electrons for various elements, drawing Lewis structures, and predicting ion charges. The document also covers the concept of noble gases and their role in electron configuration.
What you will learn
- How many valence electrons does each of the following elements have: Li, P, I, Ar, Ca, O, He?
- How do you predict the ion formed by an element based on its number of valence electrons?
- What is the difference between an atom and an ion?
- How do you draw Lewis structures for atoms?
- What are valence electrons?
Typology: Schemes and Mind Maps
2021/2022
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Valence Electrons, Ions, and the Periodic Table
Valence Electrons
- Valence electrons are electrons in the outer energy level of an atom.
Practice!
- Find the number of valence electrons for: 1.Li 2.P 3.I 4.Ar 5.Ca 6.O
- He
Check It!
- Li = 1
- P = 5
- I = 7
- Ar = 8
- Ca = 2
- O = 6 7.. He = 2 (not 8)!
See It In Action!
- Let’s do Carbon. The symbol for carbon is C
- Carbon is in Group 4
- 4 valance electrons
- Put one on each side!
You do some!
- Draw the Lewis Dot Structures for the following atoms: 1.Oxygen 2.Sodium 3.Fluorine 4.Nitrogen 5.Beryllium
- Across Period
Electron Dot, or Lewis Dot Symbols for the “Representative” Elements Since elements in the same family have the same number of valence electrons, their dot structures will look the same, too!
§An atom that has LOST one or more electrons (has an overall positive charge)
11 Protons 8 Neutrons Na 19 11
Na 19 11
Na
11 Protons 8 Neutrons
Na 19 11
Na Sodium Ion 11 Protons 8 Neutrons
How many electrons are in an ion of K
? A. 39 B. 18 C. 19 D. 20
B
§An atom that has gained one or more electrons (has an overall negative charge).