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US History STAAR EOC Study Guide Latest Updated
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The first 10 amendments to the Constitution are called... - ANS-The Bill of Rights The first amendment states that.. - ANS-we have freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly The second amendment gives us the... - ANS-right to bear arms The third amendment states.. - ANS-That we have the right to refuse to housing a soldier The fourth amendment.. - ANS-Protects against unreasonable search and seizure The fifth amendment.. - ANS-prohibits government from forcing individuals to testify against themselves. The sixth amendment gives us... - ANS-the right to a public and speedy trial The seventh amendment gives us.. - ANS-the right to a trial by an impartial jury The eighth amendment... - ANS-Prohibits cruel and unusual punishment The ninth amendment.. - ANS-states that people's rights are not limited to just those listed in the Constitution. The tenth amendment says that.. - ANS-all powers not specifically given to the federal government shall be given to the states. What is a monopoly? - ANS-a company that controls most or all business in a particular industry What is a worker's union? - ANS-A group of workers joined together to advance a common interest. What is Social Darwinism? - ANS-The belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle. "Survival of the fittest." Who was Andrew Carnegie? - ANS-led the expansion of the steel industry in the 19th century and became a major philanthropist.
Who was John D. Rockefeller? - ANS-The founder of Standard Oil in 1869, which ended up owning 90% of the United States' oil. Who was Cornelius Vanderbilt? - ANS-The first railroad tycoon Who was J. P. Morgan? - ANS-Founder of one of the most powerful banks in the world. (Chase Bank). Accused of manipulating The Transcontinental Railroad did what? - ANS-connected the United States' east and west coasts by railroad in 1869. What was the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882? - ANS-prohibited Chinese laborers from entering the country Why was the Chinese Exclusion Act passed? - ANS-to limit competitions for jobs between White and Asian workers What court case ruled that children of Chinese immigrants who were born in the US could not be denied citizenship? - ANS-US vs. Wong Kim Ark (1898) What factors affected Native American control of their territory? - ANS-Forced removal, flood of settlers, Warfare (the Indian wars), destruction of the natural environment What was the American Indian Citizenship Act (1924)? - ANS-granted citizenship to all Native Americans born within the territorial limits of the United States What was the Grange Movement? - ANS-A group for farmers to help them overcome struggles and rural isolation What was the Populist Party? - ANS-A third party to improve to lives of the common man Who was Jane Addams? - ANS-founded the Hull House in Chicago which were dedicated to helping the poor What was the Anti-Defamation League? - ANS-organization formed in 1913 to defend Jews against physical and verbal attacks and false statements Progressive's political reforms - ANS-Initiative Referendum Recall What is the spoils system? - ANS-the practice of rewarding government jobs to loyal supporters of the party that wins an election
What was the Sherman Anti-Trust Act? (1890) - ANS-Law passed that aimed to stop monopolies from engaging in unfair practices. What did the American Federation of Labor aim to do? - ANS-create a powerful union by uniting workers with similar economic interests. Who founded the AFL (American Federation of Labor)? - ANS-Samuel Gompers What invention made steel production easier? - ANS-Bessemer Process What was the Haymarket Affair of 1886? - ANS-3,000 people gathered at Chicago's haymarket square to protest police brutality; a bomb was thrown in the police line and police started firing on the workers; 7 officers and several workers died; caused the public to turn against the labor movement What is laissez-faire? - ANS-a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering. "Hands off" What did Cyrus McCormick invent? - ANS-mechanical reaper What were political machines? - ANS-Organizations that provided social services and jobs in exchange for votes. Who led Tammany Hall? - ANS-Boss Tweed Who were "New Immigrants"? - ANS-Southern and Eastern Europeans Who led the government officials that overthrew the Queen of Hawaii? - ANS-Sanford B. Dole What was the Open Door Policy? - ANS-A call for all western powers to have equal access to Chinese markets What did the Boxers want? - ANS-Wanted foreigners out of China What were spheres of influence? - ANS-Area where a foreign nation has economic privileges. What was The Treaty of Portsmouth? - ANS-ended the Russo-Japanese War What was the Big Stick Policy? - ANS-It's Roosevelt corollary, idea of threatening military force while negotiating peacefully. What is Dollar Diplomacy? - ANS-the use of a country's financial power to extend its international influence.
What were the causes of World War I? - ANS-Nationalism Economic Rivalries & Imperialism The Alliance System Militarism or Military Planning Why did the US enter WWI? - ANS-The Zimmerman Telegram, close ties with countries involved and German unrestricted submarine warfare Who was Alvin York? - ANS-an American soldier from Tennessee who earned the Congressional Medal of Honor after saving several soldiers and capturing prisoners with just a rifle and a pistol What did the Espionage Act of 1917 do? - ANS-made it illegal to aid the enemy, give false reports, or interfere with the war effort What was the main idea of Wilson's Fourteen Points? - ANS-That every European nationality should be given its own government What were the peace terms that ended WWI? - ANS-Germany's territorial losses The League of Nations War Guilt Clause What is isolationism? - ANS-Refusing to become involved in the affairs of other countries. Who were Sacco and Vanzetti? - ANS-Italian immigrants and anarchists, Arrested for robbery and murder What were the Republican policies that favored businesses? - ANS-High Protective Tariffs Lower taxes on the wealthy Law enforcement of anti-trust laws and regulations Which president promised a "return to normalcy" after WWI? - ANS-Warren Harding What was the Teapot Dome Scandal? - ANS-President Harding was found to have had his Secretary of the Interior lease oil rich lands to two businessmen in exchange for personal bribes Who was elected after Harding? - ANS-Coolidge Which future president was Secretary of Commerce under Coolidge? - ANS-Hoover What is speculation? - ANS-Buying a product in hopes of selling it later at a higher price