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Types of Radiation in N5 Chemistry: Understanding Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Radiation, Study notes of Chemistry

A lesson plan from St. Ninian’s High School for N5 Chemistry students, focusing on Unit 3 – Chemistry in Society, specifically Part B – Fertilisers, Nuclear and Chemical Analysis, Lesson 2 – Types of Radiation. The lesson aims to help students revise nuclide notation and isotopes, identify and describe the three types of radiation, and understand their properties and penetration strength. Students are encouraged to read the notes, watch provided links, complete self-check questions, and submit homework.

What you will learn

  • What is the penetration strength of alpha, beta, and gamma radiations?
  • How are alpha, beta, and gamma radiations deflected in an electric field?
  • Why do radioisotopes emit radiation?
  • What are the three types of radiation emitted by radioisotopes?
  • What is the composition and charge of alpha, beta, and gamma particles?

Typology: Study notes

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

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N5 Chemistry St. Ninian’s High School
N5 Chemistry: Unit 3 Chemistry in Society
Part B Fertilisers, Nuclear and Chemical Analysis
Lesson 2 Types of Radiation
By the end of this lesson you should:
1. Have completed a short revision of nuclide notation and isotopes.
2. Be able to identify and describe the three types of radiation.
You will have been successful in this lesson if you:
1. Read, copy and learn the notes given
2. Watch the links provided
3. Complete and mark self-check questions
4. Complete and submit homework assigned
There is also a further reading section to help you gain more depth of
understanding for this section.
If you have any questions about the content of this lesson, you should ask your
class teacher either through your class MS team or via email. MS Teams will be
monitored throughout the week by a chemistry teacher. If you need help or
clarification with either the task or the content of the lesson, just ask.
You may wish to revise the following to help you understand this lesson:
- N5 Unit 1: Nuclide notation and Isotopes
Words written in italics do not need to be copied and are there to
provide instruction.
Learning Outcomes
Success Criteria
Links to Prior Knowledge
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N5 Chemistry: Unit 3 – Chemistry in Society

Part B – Fertilisers, Nuclear and Chemical Analysis

Lesson 2 – Types of Radiation

By the end of this lesson you should:

1. Have completed a short revision of nuclide notation and isotopes. 2. Be able to identify and describe the three types of radiation. You will have been successful in this lesson if you: 1. Read, copy and learn the notes given 2. Watch the links provided 3. Complete and mark self-check questions 4. Complete and submit homework assigned There is also a further reading section to help you gain more depth of understanding for this section. If you have any questions about the content of this lesson, you should ask your class teacher either through your class MS team or via email. MS Teams will be monitored throughout the week by a chemistry teacher. If you need help or clarification with either the task or the content of the lesson, just ask. You may wish to revise the following to help you understand this lesson:

  • N5 Unit 1: Nuclide notation and Isotopes

Words written in italics do not need to be copied and are there to

provide instruction.

Learning Outcomes Success Criteria Links to Prior Knowledge

Nuclide Notation/Isotope Revision

You already have notes on this so you do not need to copy these but you should read through them and check you understand before moving on to the new material.

Nuclide notation is a way of representing information about an element.

E.g. chlorine

Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same atomic number but

different mass numbers. This means they have the same number of protons

but different numbers of neutrons.

The atoms of most elements have isotopes. The mass numbers given in the

data booklet are relative atomic masses made from the proportion and mass

of each isotope present.

E.g. Magnesium exists as 3 isotopes: 24 Mg, 25 Mg and 26 Mg

The mass of magnesium given in the data booklet is 24.3 so the most abundant

isotope is 24 Mg.

Types of Radiation

Radioisotopes are radioactive isotopes of an element.

There are three different types of radiation that can be emitted by

radioisotopes:

1. Alpha (α) particles

2. Beta (β) particles

3. Gamma ()rays

Properties of Radiation

Property Type of Emission Alpha Beta Gamma

Composition Alpha particle

(helium nucleus)

Beta particle

(electron)

High-energy

electromagnetic

radiation

Symbol

Charge

Effect in an Electric Field

This diagram shows how the three types of radiation are deflected in an

electric field:

β Source of α , β and  radiation  

Penetration Strength

Alpha, beta and gamma radiations also have different penetration strength:

1. Alpha particles are the biggest and they can be stopped by a thin piece

of paper.

2. Beta particles are smaller and they can travel a few metres through the

air but will be stopped by a few millimetres of aluminium.

3. Gamma waves have no mass and charge and can travel long distances.

They are only stopped by thick lead and even thicker concrete.

To learn more about types of radiation, try the following online resources:

BBC Bitesize: https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zxxrng8/revision/

Scholar: Log in through GLOW

National 5 Chemistry  Chemistry in Society  Nuclear Chemistry

 read content 7.1-7.

Evans2 chem web: https://www.evans2chemweb.co.uk/

Username: snhs password: giffnock

Select any teacher  revision  National 5  Unit 3: Chemistry in

Society  Nuclear Chemistry

Further Reading paper 0.6cm aluminium thick concrete or lead α β

4. Comparing  ,, and  radiation: (a) Which has no electrical charge? (b) Which has the largest mass? (c) Write out the nuclide notation (symbol, atomic number, mass number and charge) to represent an alpha particle. (d) Which is not made up of particles? (e) Why are beta particles not like normal electrons? 5. A sheet of paper, a sheet of aluminium 5mm thick and a sheet of lead 2cm thick are placed in front of a Geiger Muller tube and connected to a counter. A stream of gamma rays, beta and alpha particles are directed towards the paper. (a) Which radiation(s) pass through the paper? (b) Which radiation passes through the aluminium? Extension Work Yellow/purple book questions: Radioactivity Page 148 - 149

Now complete Homework 14: Radiation and submit to your class

teacher via Teams (or your usual channel). A photo of your work

should be submitted by 1pm on Friday 15

th

January.