One of the truly remarkable
things about work groups is
that they can make 2+2=5. Of
course, they also have the
capability of making 2+2=3.
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Unit 2.1.3 - Organizational Behavior - Lecture - Groups and Teams, Lecture notes of Organization Behaviour
Detail Summery about , What are Groups?, Group Behavior Model, What is Group Effectiveness?, Group Task, Group Members Resources.
Typology: Lecture notes
2010/2011
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One of the truly remarkable
things about work groups is
that they can make 2+2=5. Of
course, they also have the
capability of making 2+2=3.
Groups and Teams
Group Behavior Model
External Conditions Group Member Resources Group Structure Group Process Group Task Group Effectiveness
What is Group
Effectiveness?
Three criteria:
(^) Create an acceptable product according to the product’s user (customer). PRODUCTION (^) Allow continuity/survival of the group. VIABILITY (^) Promote member satisfaction & growth. WELL-BEING
Group Task
The more complex the task, the more it is non-routine and requires a range of skills, the more important group process becomes!
External Conditions
Authority structures
Human Resource selection
processes
Performance evaluation and
rewards
Organizational Culture
Physical work setting
Group Structure
Size--”size of the group.”
Norms--”acceptable standards of
behavior shared by members.”
Cohesiveness--”degree to which
members are attracted to each other and desire to maintain in group.”
Group Size & Process
Loss
POTENTIAL PRODUCTIVITY
Group Size
Group Productivity Small Large
High Low PROCESS PROCESS LOSS LOSS ACTUAL PRODUCTIVITY
Group Decision Making
(^) GroupShift--”tendency for group decisions to become more extreme than initial individual positions.” (generally more risky) (^) GroupThink--”group pressures to conformity deter the group from critically appraising unpopular or minority views.” (^) Bay of Pigs (^) Launch of Shuttle Challenger
Teams
(^) Teams are groups with greater interdependence--shared purpose and destiny. Can be higher performing than groups, but may not be...
Self Managed Teams (^) Work Within High Performance/Involvement System. Involves: (^) Management Philosophy: Common vision and goals (^) Design of Plant: Participation to support teams (^) Job Design: Increase autonomy, task variety, feedback (^) Pay System: Skill-based pay, gain-sharing (^) Organizational Structure: Limited hierarchy, high involvement in staffing decisions (^) Training: Intensive training run by experienced technicians to provide “deep and broad benchstrength”
Work System Frustrations (^) Slow Decision Making -- Consensus building takes time! (^) Extensive Training Requirements -- Time-consuming and expensive (^) Marketable Employees -- Trained employees are more marketable (^) Limited Advancement Opportunities -- you can be a team facilitator but...