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(UNE) ANCH326 Art & Architecture of the Ancient Greek & Roman World Midterm Exam Guide Q & S 2024(UNE) ANCH326 Art & Architecture of the Ancient Greek & Roman World Midterm Exam Guide Q & S 2024(UNE) ANCH326 Art & Architecture of the Ancient Greek & Roman World Midterm Exam Guide Q & S 2024(UNE) ANCH326 Art & Architecture of the Ancient Greek & Roman World Midterm Exam Guide Q & S 2024
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Rationale: The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus is known for its use of the Ionic architectural style, with its distinctive scroll-like capitals on its columns.
Rationale: The Parthenon is a famous temple dedicated to the goddess Athena in ancient Athens, showcasing the architectural prowess of the Greeks.
Rationale: The Pantheon, a famous Roman temple, was indeed originally constructed as a temple for all gods by Emperor Hadrian in the 2nd century AD.
a) Male statues b) Columns with carvings of animals c) Female figures serving as architectural supports d) Gargoyles depicting mythical creatures
Rationale: Caryatids are sculpted female figures used as architectural supports in place of columns, often seen in Greek and Roman architecture.
Rationale: Roman arches, with their strong structural support, enabled the Romans to build grand structures like aqueducts, bridges, and amphitheaters.
Rationale: Entasis is a slight convex curve intentionally added to columns by the Greeks to create an optical illusion of straightness and perfection.
b) Polykleitos c) Lysippos d) Unknown
Rationale: The sculptor of the Winged Victory of Samothrace remains unknown, but the statue is a celebrated example of Hellenistic sculpture.
Rationale: The Roman Forum was a central public space in ancient Rome, serving as a hub for social, political, and commercial activities.
Rationale: The Pantheon's oculus is a distinctive architectural feature that provides natural light and ventilation inside the building, enhancing its grandeur.
d) Hadrian
Rationale: Marcus Agrippa is traditionally credited with designing the original Pantheon during the reign of Augustus, although the present structure was rebuilt by Hadrian.
Rationale: The Colosseum in Rome is an iconic amphitheater renowned for hosting gladiator contests and other public spectacles during the Roman Empire.
Rationale: Greek temples typically followed strict rules of bilateral symmetry, ensuring that the front and rear facades were mirror images of each other.
d) Tuscan
Rationale: The Corinthian order is distinguished by its elaborate columns topped with acanthus leaf capitals, known for their decorative beauty.
Rationale: Roman concrete, a strong and durable building material, revolutionized architecture by enabling the construction of large-scale buildings like the Colosseum and the Pantheon.
Rationale: The Erechtheion's Porch of the Maidens showcases caryatid columns shaped like female figures, adding a unique and elegant touch to the temple's design.
d) Pythagoras
Rationale: Zeno of Elea is credited with designing the Temple of Hera II in Paestum, showcasing the Doric architectural style in excellent preservation.
Rationale: The arena in a Roman amphitheater was the central area where the gladiatorial contests and other public spectacles took place, capturing the audience's attention.
Rationale: Doric columns feature a more austere design compared to the Corinthian and Ionic orders, highlighting their straightforward and robust appearance.
Rationale: Roman barrel vaults were used to create sturdy ceilings and roof structures, providing excellent structural support for various types of buildings.
Rationale: The Arch of Constantine in Rome is a significant triumphal arch dedicated to Emperor Constantine, showcasing relief sculptures depicting his military achievements.
Rationale: The Temple of Olympian Zeus in Athens was intended to be one of the largest Greek temples, but it was left unfinished, serving as a testament to the scale of ancient Greek architectural projects. Multiple Choice: Which architectural order is characterized by scroll-like ornaments in the capital? a) Doric b) Ionic c) Corinthian
Rationale: The cardo and decumanus were the two main streets in Roman cities, with the cardo running north-south and the decumanus east- west. True/False: The use of concrete allowed Romans to build larger and more durable structures than the Greeks.
Rationale: Roman use of concrete was revolutionary, allowing them to construct larger and more enduring structures compared to the stone constructions of the Greeks.
Rationale: The Odeon of Herodes Atticus is renowned for its acoustics and is still used today for performances. Multiple Choice: Which of the following is not a feature of Greek temples? a) Pediment b) Frieze c) Minaret d) Metope
Rationale: Minarets are features of Islamic architecture and are not found in Greek temple design. True/False: The Colosseum in Rome could be filled with water to stage naval battles.
Rationale: The Colosseum had a complex system that could flood the arena for staging naumachiae, or mock naval battles. Fill-in-the-Blank: The ________ is the triangular upper part of the front of a building in classical style, typically surmounting a portico of columns.
Rationale: The pediment is the triangular space at the front of a building, above the horizontal structure (entablature) that rests on the columns. Multiple Choice: What was the primary material used in the construction of the Colosseum? a) Marble b) Limestone c) Travertine d) Concrete
Rationale: The Colosseum's primary material for the main structural elements was travertine, a form of limestone.
Rationale: While the Romans did not invent the arch, they were the first to fully realize its architectural potential and use it extensively.