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Ultimate Chemistry Cumulative Final Exam:
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Multiple-Choice Questions with Rationales
- A patient has a temperature of 38.5 degrees Celsius. What is the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit? a) 101.3 degrees F b) 11.7 degrees F c) 311.0 degrees F d) 70. degrees F e) 126.95 degrees F Correct Answer: a) 101.3 degrees F Rationale: The formula to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit is: F = (C × 9/5) + 32. Applying this, (38.5 × 9/5) + 32 = 101.3°F.
- An example of kinetic energy is _____. a) a coiled spring b) chemical energy c) natural gas d) running water e) a tree Correct Answer: d) running water Rationale: Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. Running water is in motion, thus demonstrating kinetic energy.
- The energy associated with the motion of particles in a substance is called _____. a) electrical energy b) potential energy c) chemical energy d) heat e) temperature Correct Answer: d) heat Rationale: Heat is the energy transfer due to the movement of particles in a substance.
- Which of the following is an example of potential energy? a) a fan blade turning b) chewing food c) riding an exercise bike d) water stored in a reservoir e) burning wood Correct Answer: d) water stored in a reservoir Rationale: Potential energy is stored energy due to an object’s position. Water in a reservoir has stored energy that can be released.
- The phrase "ability to do work" is a definition of _____. a) energy b) heat c) specific heat d) cooling e) calorie Correct Answer: a) energy Rationale: Energy is defined as the capacity to do work.
- The energy of 3600 cal is equal to ____ kJ. a) .86 b) 4.184 c) 15000 d) 3.6 e) 15 Correct Answer: e) 15 Rationale: 1 cal = 4.184 J. Thus, 3600 cal × 4.184 J/cal = 15062.4 J = 15 kJ.
- The energy of 4.72 kJ is the same as ____ cal. a) 4.184 b) 19800 c) 1.13 d) 8.86 e) 1130 Correct Answer: e) 1130 Rationale: 1 kJ = 239.006 cal. So, 4.72 kJ × 239.006 cal/kJ = 1130 cal.
- The energy stored in the chemical bonds of a molecule is ____. a) a calorie b) potential energy c) kinetic energy d) work e) specific heat Correct Answer: b) potential energy Rationale: Chemical bonds store energy that can be released when bonds break, making it potential energy.
- The energy of motion is referred to as _____. a) freezing b) work c) specific heat d) kinetic energy e) potential energy Correct Answer: d) kinetic energy Rationale: Kinetic energy is energy due to motion.
- The specific heat of a substance is the amount of heat needed to... a) change 1 g of the substance from the liquid to the solid state b) convert 1 g of a solid to a gas c) raise the temperature of 1 g of the substance by 1 degree Celsius d) change 1 g of the substance from the solid to the liquid state e) convert 1 g of a liquid to a gas Correct Answer: c) raise the temperature of 1 g of the substance by 1 degree Celsius Rationale: Specific heat is the heat required to change the temperature of 1 g of a substance by 1°C.
- A calorie is required to raise the temperature of... a) 100.0 g of water by 1.0 degrees Celsius b) 100.0 g of water by 10.0 degrees Celsius c) 1 g of water by 1.0 degrees Celsius d) 10.0 g of water by 1.0 degrees Celsius e) 1 g of water by 10.0 degrees Celsius Correct Answer: c) 1 g of water by 1.0 degrees Celsius Rationale: By definition, 1 calorie raises the temperature of 1 g of water by 1°C.
- How many joules are required to raise the temperature of a 35.0 g sample of iron from 25 degrees Celsius to 35 degrees Celsius? Iron has a specific heat of 0. J/g°C. a) 35 J b) 160 J c) 350 J d) 16 J e) 10. J Correct Answer: b) 160 J
c) nonmetals, anions d) nonmetals, cations e) metals, polyatomic ions - - correct ans- - b) metals, cations How many electrons will aluminum gain or lose when it forms an ion? a) gain 1 b) gain 5 c) lose 3 d) lose 1 e) lose 2 - - correct ans- - c) lose 3 What is the symbol for the ion with 19 protons and 18 electrons? a) K^- b) F^+ c) K^+ d) F^- e) Ar^+ - - correct ans- - c) K+ An anion always... a) contains a metal and a nonmetal b) has a positive charge c) has a negative charge d) contains a group of two or more atoms with a positive charge e) forms covalent bonds - - correct ans- - c) has a negative charge An ionic compound...
a) contains only anions b) has a net positive charge c) has a net charge of zero d) has a net negative charge e) contains only cations - - correct ans- - c) has a net charge of zero Which one of the following compounds contains an ion with a 3+ charge? a) CuCl b)Na2O c) MgCl d) KCl e) FeCl3 - - correct ans- - e) FeCl What is the correct formula for the oxide ion? a) O^+ b) O^3+ c) O d) O^2- e) O^2+ - - correct ans- - d) O2- The compound MgCl2 is named ____. a) magnesium dichloride b) magnesium chloride c) dimagnesium chloride d) magnesium chlorine e) magnesium (II) chloride - - correct ans- - b) magnesium chloride
d) NO3^2- e) NO3^3- - - correct ans- - b) N3- Fe2(SO4)3 is called ____. a) iron sulfate b) iron (III) sulfate c) iron (II) sulfate d) iron trisulfate e) diiron trisulfate - - correct ans- - b) iron (III) sulfate What is the formula for aluminum nitrite? a) Al2NO b) Al2(NO3) c) AlNO d) Al2(NO2) e) Al(NO2)3 - - correct ans- - e) Al(NO2) The correct formula for copper (II) chloride is ____. a) Cu2Cl b) Cu2Cl c) CuCl d) Cu2Cl e) CuCl4 - - correct ans- - c) CuCl The correct formula for chromium (III) sulfate is ____. a) (Cr)2(SO4)
b) Cr2(SO4) c) Cr2SO d) (Cr2)(SO4) e) Cr3(SO4)2 - - correct ans- - b) Cr2(SO4) The correct name for FeS is ____. a) iron (III) sulfite b) iron (II) sulfate c) iron (II) sulfide d) ferric sulfide e) ferrous sulfite - - correct ans- - c) iron (II) sulfide The correct name for SnCl2 is ____. a) antimony dichloride b) tin (II) chloride c) tin (IV) chloride d) antimony (II) chloride e) tin chloride - - correct ans- - b) tin (II) chloride According to the octet rule, sulfide ions should have a charge of ____. a) 2- b) 6+ c) 2+ d) 6- e) 8+ - - correct ans- - a) 2-
e) CaSO4 - - correct ans- - e) CaSO Iron (III) sulfite has this formula. a) (Fe)3(SO3) b) Fe(SO3) c) Fe2SO d) (Fe)2SO e) Fe2(SO3)3 - - correct ans- - e) Fe2(SO3) Copper (I) chloride has the following formula. a) CuCl b) CuCl c) Cu2Cl d) Cu2Cl e) Cu2Cl2 - - correct ans- - b) CuCl Lead (II) iodide has the following formula. a) PbI b) Pb2I c) PbI d) Pb2I e) Pb2I2 - - correct ans- - c) PbI Gold (III) bromide has the following correct formula. a) AuBr b) Au3Br
c) AuBr d) Au3Br e) Au3Br2 - - correct ans- - a) AuBr What is the correct name for LiBr? a) bromine lithium b) lithium monobromine c) lithium bromate d) bromolithium e) lithium bromide - - correct ans- - e) lithium bromide Give the correct name for FePO4. a) iron (II) phosphate b) phospoiron c) iron phosphate d) iron phosphite e) iron (III) phosphate - - correct ans- - e) iron (III) phosphate Magnesium oxide has the following correct formula. a) Mg2O b) MgO c) Mg2O d) Mg2O e) MgO2 - - correct ans- - b) MgO Potassium phosphide has the following formula.
e) oppositely charged ions are held together by strong electrical attractions - - correct ans-
- c) atoms are held together by sharing electrons Which of the following elements forms a diatomic molecule? a) iron b) sodium c) nitrogen d) neon e) sulfur - - correct ans- - c) nitrogen In a covalently bonded molecule, the number of electrons that an atoms shares with others is usually equal to the number of electrons ____. a) in its nucleus b) in its ion c) in all atoms d) in the atom e) needed to have a noble gas arrangement - - correct ans- - e) needed to have a noble gas arrangement The formula for one molecule formed from N and Cl is ____. a) NCl b) NCl c) NCl d) NCl e) N3Cl - - correct ans- - b) NCl
According to the IUPAC nomenclature system, the types of compound that use prefixes in their names are ____. a) polyatomic ions b) ionic compounds involving transition metals c) compounds that contain polyatomic ions d) covalent compounds e) ionic compounds - - correct ans- - d) covalent compounds The correct name for the compound N2O3 is ____. a) dinitrogen oxide b) nitrogen oxide c) dinitride trioxide d) dinitrogen trioxide e) nitrogen trioxide - - correct ans- - d) dinitrogen trioxide The formula for sulfur dichloride is ____. a) S4Cl b) S2Cl c) S2Cl d) SCl e) SCl - - correct ans- - d) SCl The name of the compound BF3 is ____. a) monoboron trifluoride b) borofluoride c) monoboronfluoride
b) grams in 1 mol of a substance c) particles in 1 mol of a substance d) moles in 6.022 x 10^23 amu of an element e) moles in 6.022 x 10^23 grams of an element - - correct ans- - c) particles in 1 mol of a substance 1.00 mol of sodium has a mass of ____. a) .230 g b) 2.30 x 10^-6 g c) .0230 g d) 23.0 g e) .00230 g - - correct ans- - d) 23.0 g Calculate the molar mass of potassium chloride, KCl. a) 74.55 g b) 54.55 g c) 19.00 g d) 67.40 g e) 6.74 g - - correct ans- - a) 74.55 g What is the molar mass, to three sig figs, of sodium phosphate, Na3PO4? a) 164 g b) 226 g c) 308 g d) 354 g e) 119 g - - correct ans- - a) 164 g
Calculate the empirical formula of a compound that has a composition of 5.9% (by mass) hydrogen and 94.1% (by mass) oxygen. a) H4O b) H2O c) HO d) HO e) H2O4 - - correct ans- - d) HO 4.00 mol of sodium has a mass of ____. a) 128. g b) 4.60 g c) 23.0 g d) 92.0 g e) 44.0 g - - correct ans- - d) 92.0 g How many moles of K2SO4 are in 15.0 g of K2SO4? a) 2.61 x 10^3 mol b) .172 mol c) .111 mol d) .119 mol e) .0861 mol - - correct ans- - e) .0861 mol What is the mass percent oxygen in sodium carbonate, Na2CO3? a) 43.4% b) 54.7%
A sample of a white solid contains .212 g of magnesium and .140 g of oxygen. What is the empirical formula of this compound? a) Mg2O b) MgO c) OMg d) MgO e) Mg2O2 - - correct ans- - d) MgO How many moles of sodium sulfate are present in .1000 g of the compound? a) 2.126 x 10^-3 mol b) 7.040 x 10^-4 mol c) 174.3 mol d) 1.743 x 10^2 mol e) 7.040 mol - - correct ans- - b) 7.040 x 10^-4 mol A chemical equation is balanced when... a) the charge on each atoms is the same in reactants and products b) the sum of the coefficients of the reactants is equal to the sum of the coefficients of the products c) the number of atoms of each element is the same in reactants and products d) the total number of ions is the same in reactants and products e) the total number of molecules is the same in reactants and products - - correct ans- - c) the number of atoms of each element is the same in reactants and products Which of the following give the balanced equation for this reaction: K3PO4 + Ca(NO3)2 --> Ca3(PO3)2 + KN)3? a) KPO4 + CaNO3 + KNO
b) 2K3PO4 + 3Ca(NO3)2 --> Ca3(PO4)2 + 6KNO c) K3PO4 + 3Ca(NO3)2 --> Ca3(PO4)2 + 3KNO d) K3PO4 + Ca(NO3)2 --> Ca3(PO4)2 + KNO e) 2K3PO4 +Ca(NO3)2 --> Ca3(PO4)2 + 6KNO3 - - correct ans- - b) 2K3PO4 + 3Ca(NO3)2 --> Ca3(PO4)2 + 6KNO Which of the following correctly gives the best coefficients for the reaction below: N2H4 + H2O2 --> N2 + H2O? a) 2, 4, 2, 4 b) 1, 1, 1, 1 c) 1, 2, 1, 4 d) 2, 4, 2, 8 e) 1, 4, 1, 4 - - correct ans- - c) 1, 2, 1, 4 What coefficient is placed in front of O2 to complete the balancing of the following equation: C5H8 + ?O2 --> 5CO2 + 4H2O? a) 7 b) 5 c) 3 d) 9 e) 1 - - correct ans- - a) 7 What is the coefficient of hydrogen, H2, when the following equation is balanced: Al + H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + ?H2? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3
