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UCI BIO 93 Final exam rated A+ 2024
What is an example of incomplete dominance? - ANS>> A red and white snapdragon
making a pink offspring
What is an example of co-dominance? - ANS>> Blood cells.
What is Pleiotropy? - ANS>> When a gene affects more than
one phenotypic character.
What is the norm of reaction? - ANS>> The range of phenotypic possibilities
What are some example of polygenic inheritance? - ANS>> Skin color and height
Norms of reactions are broadest for _____________ characters - ANS>> polygenic
Genetic traits in humans can be tracked through what? - ANS>> Family pedigrees
What is loosely packed chromatin called? - ANS>> Euchromatin
What happens in histone acetylation? - ANS>> Acetyl groups are attached to histone
tails
What is the purpose of histone acetylation? - ANS>> To loosen chromatin structure to
promote initiation in transcription.
In what gender is Igf2 expressed in? - ANS>> The maternal chromosome
What does it mean for a protein to be ubiquitinated? - ANS>> Ubiquitin attached to the
protein and takes it to a proteasome that degrades the protein.
What does a repressor do? - ANS>> Block transcription of a gene
What does an activator do? - ANS>> Stimulate the transcription of a gene
What binds to the enhancers? - ANS>> The activators
What are some ways that mRNA can be degraded? - ANS>> shortening of poly A tail,
removal of cap, nucleases chew up mRNA
What are histones responsible for? - ANS>> 1st level of DNA packing in chromatin
What is a region of highly condensed chromatin called? - ANS>> Heterochromatin
What is cell differentiation? - ANS>> The process by which cells become specialized
