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UCF BIOLOGY FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY RATED & A+ GRADED, Exams of Nursing

UCF BIOLOGY FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY RATED & A+ GRADED

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2024/2025

Available from 07/06/2025

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UCF BIOLOGY FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS
ALREADY RATED & A+ GRADED
DNA sequences in many human genes are very similar to the sequences of corresponding genes
in chimpanzees. The most likely explanation for this result is that - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Humans and chimpanzees share a relatively recent common ancestor
It has been observed that organisms on islands are different from, but closely related to, similar
forms found on the nearest continent. This is taken as evidence that - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Island forms and mainland forms descended from common ancestors
Of the following anatomical structures, which is homologous to the wing of a bird? -
CORRECT ANSWER >>>Flipper of a cetacean
In Darwin's thinking, the more closely related two different organisms are, the - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>More recently they share a common ancestor
Charles Darwin was the first person to propose - CORRECT ANSWER >>>A mechanism for
evolution that was supported by evidence
Which naturalist synthesized a concept of natural selection independently of Darwin? -
CORRECT ANSWER >>>Alfred Wallace
Darwin's mechanism of natural selection required long time spans in order to modify species.
From whom did Darwin get the concept of Earth's ancient age? - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>Charles Lyell
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UCF BIOLOGY FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS

ALREADY RATED & A+ GRADED

DNA sequences in many human genes are very similar to the sequences of corresponding genes

in chimpanzees. The most likely explanation for this result is that -^ CORRECT ANSWER

>>> Humans and chimpanzees share a relatively recent common ancestor

It has been observed that organisms on islands are different from, but closely related to, similar

forms found on the nearest continent. This is taken as evidence that -^ CORRECT ANSWER

>>> Island forms and mainland forms descended from common ancestors

Of the following anatomical structures, which is homologous to the wing of a bird? -

CORRECT ANSWER >>> Flipper of a cetacean

In Darwin's thinking, the more closely related two different organisms are, the - CORRECT

ANSWER >>> More recently they share a common ancestor

Charles Darwin was the first person to propose - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A mechanism for

evolution that was supported by evidence

Which naturalist synthesized a concept of natural selection independently of Darwin? -

CORRECT ANSWER >>> Alfred Wallace

Darwin's mechanism of natural selection required long time spans in order to modify species.

From whom did Darwin get the concept of Earth's ancient age? -^ CORRECT ANSWER

>>> Charles Lyell

Tropical grasslands with scattered trees are known as - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Savannas

Which biome is able to support many large animals despite receiving moderate amounts of

rainfall? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Savanna

Which of the following organisms is the most likely candidate for geographic isolation? -

CORRECT ANSWER >>> Land snail

The main reason polar regions are cooler than the equator is because - CORRECT ANSWER

>>> Sunlight strikes the poles at a lower angle

Which of the following is responsible for the summer and winter stratification of deep

temeprate lakes? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Water is densest at 4 celsius

In temperate lakes, the surface water is replenished with nutrients during turnovers that occur

in the - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Autumn and spring

Which of the following abiotic factors has the greatest influence on the metabolic rates of plants

and animals? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Temperature

Which of the following are important abiotic factors that can affect the structure and

organization of biological communities? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Predation, competition

Which of the following is a structure that permits conjugation to occur? - CORRECT

ANSWER >>> Sex pilus

Not present in all bacteria, this structure enables those that possess it to germinate after

exposure to harsh conditions, such as boiling. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Endospore

Not present in all bacteria, this cell covering enables cells that possess it to resist the defenses

of host organisms: - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Capsule

Which of the following requires ATP to function, and permits some species to respond to taxes?

- CORRECT ANSWER >>> Flagellum

Which statement about the genomes of prokaryotes is correct? -^ CORRECT ANSWER

>>> Prokaryotic genomes are composed of linear DNA (that is, DNA existing in the form of a line

with two ends). Prokaryotic ribosomes differ from those present in eukaryotic cytosol. Because of this, which of

the following is correct? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Some selective antibiotics can block

protein synthesis of bacteria without effects on protein synthesis in the eukaryotic host.

The typical prokaryotic flagellum features - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A complex "motor"

embedded in the cell wall and plasma membrane

Which is the most common compound in the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria? -

CORRECT ANSWER >>> Peptidoglycan

Which is the bacterial structures that acts as a selective barrier, allowing nutrients to enter the

cell and wastes to leave the cell? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Plasma membrane Mycoplasmas

are bacteria that lack cell walls. On the basis of this structural feature, which statement

concerning mycoplasmas should be true? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> They are

subject to lysis in hypotonic conditions

Emerging viruses arise by - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Mutation of existing viruses, the spread

of existing viruses to new host species, and the spread of existing viruses more widely within their host species. Which of the following characteristics, structures, or processes is common to both bacteria and

viruses? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Genetic material composed of nucleic acid

Antiviral drugs that have become useful are usually associated with which of the following

properties? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Interference with the viral reproduction

Which of the following is the best predictor of how much damage a virus causes? - CORRECT

ANSWER >>> Ability of the infected cell to undergo normal cell division

What are prions? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Misfolded versions of normal brain protein

What is the function of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> It

uses viral RNA as a template for DNA synthesis What is the name given to viruses that are single-stranded RNA that acts as a template for DNA

synthesis? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Retroviruses

A frameshift mutation could result from - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Either an insertion or

deletion of a base

Sickle-cell disease is probably the result of which kind of mutation? - CORRECT ANSWER

>>> Point

What is the most abundant type of RNA? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> rRNA

In the structural organization of many eukaryotic genes, individual exons may be related to

which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The various domains of the polypeptide

product

Alternative RNA splicing - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Can allow the production of proteins of

different sizes from a single mRNA During splicing, which molecular component of the spliceosome catalyzes the excision reaction?

- CORRECT ANSWER >>> RNA

What are the coding segments of a stretch of eukaryotic DNA called? -^ CORRECT ANSWER

>>> Exons

What is a ribozyme? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> An RNA with enzymatic activity

Which of the following helps to stabilize mRNA by inhibiting its degradation? - CORRECT

ANSWER >>> 5' cap and poly (A) tail

Transcription in eukaryotes requires which of the following in addition to RNA polymerase? -

CORRECT ANSWER >>> Several transcription factors (TFs)

In eukaryotes there are several different types of RNA polymerase. Which type is involved in

transcription of mRNA for a globin protein? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> RNA polymerase II

The "universal" genetic code is now known to have exceptions. Evidence for this could be found

if which of the following is true? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> If UGA, usually a stop codon, is

found to code for an amino acid such as tryptophan (usually coded for by UGG only).

The nitrogenous base adenine is found in all members of which group? - CORRECT

ANSWER >>> ATP, RNA, and DNA

Garrod hypothesized that "inborn errors of metabolism" such as alkaptonuria occur because -

CORRECT ANSWER >>> genes dictate the production of specific enzymes, and affected

individuals have genetic defects that cause them to lack certain enzymes.

Why do histones bind tightly to DNA? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Histones are positively

charged and DNA is negatively charged

Which of the following help to hold the DNA strands apart while they are being replicated? -

CORRECT ANSWER >>> Single-strand binding proteins

Why does the DNA double helix have a uniform diameter? -^ CORRECT ANSWER^ >>> Purines

pair with pyrimidines When T2 phages infect bacteria and make more viruses in the presence of radioactive sulfur,

what is the result? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The viral proteins will be radioactive

Which of the following investigators was/were responsible for the following discovery? Phage with labeled proteins or DNA was allowed to infect bacteria. It was shown that the DNA, but not

the protein, entered the bacterial cells, and was therefore concluded to be the genetic material.

- CORRECT ANSWER >>> Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl In trying to determine whether DNA or protein is the genetic material, Hershey and Chase made

use of which of the following facts? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> DNA contains phosphorus but

protein does not

What does transformation involve in bacteria? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Assimilation of

external DNA into a cell The frequency of Down syndrome in the human population is most closely correlated with

which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Age of the mother

Women with Turner syndrome have a genotype characterized as which of the following? -

CORRECT ANSWER >>> A karyotype of 45, X

A cell that has 2n+1 chromosomes is - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Trisomic

New combinations of linked genes are due to - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Crossing over

Calico cats are female because - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A male inherits only one of the two

X-linked genes controlling hair colour

SRY is best described in which of the following ways? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A gene region

present on the Y chromosome that triggers male development