UCCS Human Physiology

Chapter 11 Study Set Exam

Primary differences between autonomic and somatic divisions? - Answer Autonomic:

Homeostasis control

Somatic: motor movement, skeletal muscle

What is antagonistic control? - Answer When a function is upregulated by one system

and down regulated by the other

What are exceptions to antagonistic control in the autonomic system? - Answer Sweat

glands and male erection and ejaculation

Primary differences between sympathetic and parasympathetic systems? - Answer

Sympathetic: Fight or Flight, spinal nerves

Parasympathetic: Rest and Digest, cranial/pelvic nerves

What is the central integration locaiton for autonomic control? - Answer hypothalamus

What neurotransmitters do the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches use? -

Answer Sym: ACh and N. Epi

P-Sym: ACh

What is the difference between muscarinic and nicotinic receptors? - Answer Nicotinic:

In CNS and Neuromuscular jxns

Muscarinic: Both CNS and PNS, mediate the innervation of organs

What are the characteristics of a1, b1, and b2 adrenergic receptors and what neuro

transmitter are they sensitive to? - Answer a1: used for contraction and relaxation,

norepinephrine

b1: Increases cAMP levels, epi/norepi

b2: Increases cAMP levels, epi>norepi

What is a varicosity and where are they found? - Answer A swelling at the end of an axon

in the autonomic system (usually multiple) that release neurotransmitter

What is special about the adrenal medulla? - Answer Made of nervous tissue

How is epi released into circulation - Answer Via the adrenal medulla (postganglionic

neurons)