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Tufts Pharmacology NBDE II 2025 Exam Review Latest Question and Answers Graded A+ Dr. M.L
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which of the following drugs is most useful in treating or preventing angina pectoris? a. digitalis b. quinidine c. propranolol d. procainamide e. pentoarbital c each of the following drugs an be used in the prevention and treatment of angina pectoris except a. digitalis b. propranolol c. nitroglycerine
d. isosorbide dinitrate e. pentaeryhtritol tetranitrate a all of the following drugs are useful in the treatment of HTN except a. ephedrine b. resperine c. methyldopa d. thiazide diuretics a digitalis is useful in the treatment of which of the following conditions? a. atrial fibrillation b. CHF c. paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
d. chlorothiazide e. alpha-methyldopa d which of the following antihypertensives are usually reserved for treatment of severe HTN a. sedatives and reserpine b. thiazide diuretics and reserpine c. sedatives and thaiazide diuretics d. guanethidine and ganglionic blocking agents d which of the following beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents is thought to be cardioselective? a. nadolol b. timolol
c. metroprolol d. propranolol c anti arrhythmic drugs, such as quinine, suppress certain cardiac arrhythmias by a. stimulating beta-adrenergic receptor b. suppressing cardiac ATP-ase activity c. increasing ectopic pacemaker activity d. increasing the refractory period of cardiac muscle d most drugs useful in the treatment of cardiac arrythmias act primarily by a. blocking purkinje fibers b. blocking the alpha-adrenergic receptors
c. decrease the rate of A-V conduction d. increase the rate of cardiac repolariazaton e. produce a decrease in the rate of atrial contraction c nitroglycerin dilates the coronary arteries in angina pectoris by a. decreasing the heart rate reflexly b. increasing the metabolic work of the myocardium c. direct action on smooth muscles in the vessel walls d. increasing the effective refractory period in the atrium e. blocking beta-adrenergic receptors c propranolol is of value in treating angina pectoris because it a. has a direct action on vascular smooth muscle b. blocks autoregulatory mechanisms in the heart
c. inhibits oxygen metabolsim in cardiac cells d. provides relief within seconds of acute anginal attack e. prevents chronotrophic responses to endogenous epi emotions and exercise e which of the following is contraindicated in a patient who had an allergic reaction to procaine six months ago? a. nerve block with lidocaine b. topical application of lidocaine c. topical application of tetracaine d. infiltration with an antihistamine c bupivacaine has all of the following properties relative to lidocaine EXCEPT bupivacaine a. is more toxic
the duration of action of lidocaine would be increased in the presence of which of the following medications? a. prazosin b. propranolol c. hydrochlorothiazide d. lisinopril e. digoxin b - interacts with lidocaine in two ways...slows down the heart via beta receptor blockade, blood delivery to the liver is reduced thus lidocaine remains in systemic circulation longer and can potentially accumulate to toxic levels. they compete for the same enzyme in the liver thus metabolism of lidocaine can be reduced. severe liver disease least affects the biotransformation of which of the following? a. lidocaine b. procaine c. prilocaine d. mepivacaine
b a patient has been given a large volume of a certain local anesthetic solution and subsequently develops cyanosis with methemoglobinemia. which of the following was likely administered? a. procaine b. prilocaine c. dibucaine d. lidocaine e. mepivacaine b use of prilocaine caries the risk of which of the following adverse effects? a. porphyria b. renal toxicity
b. stimulation of baroreceptors resulting in severe hypotension c. inhibition of the vagus nerve to the heart d. depression of inhibitory neurons in the CNS d - initially, LAs inhibit central inhibitory neurons, which rsults in CNS stimulation which can proceed to convulsions. at higher doses, they inhibit the inhibitory and excitatory neurons leading to a generalized state of CNS depression which can result in respiratory depression and death unfortunately, you have injected your lido intra-arterially. The first sign of lidocaine toxicity that might be seen in the patient would be a. elevated pulse rate b. sweating c. CNS excitation d. cardiovascular collapse e. CNS depression c
The first sign that your patient may be experiencing toxicity from too much epi would be a. cardiovascular collapse b. convulsions c. elevated pulse rate d. slurred speech c - epi is sympathomimetic. all other reactions are related to elevated lido [cardiovascular collapse, convulsions, slurred speech] which disease condition would make the patient most sensitive to the epi in the LA? a. Grave's disease b. Diabetes c. HIV d. Alcholism e. Schizophrenia
a. vertigo b. hypertension c. hyperventilation d. post depressive CNS convulsions e. postconvulsive CNS depression e hypotensive shock may result form excessive blood levels of each of the following local anesthetics EXCEPT a. cocaine b. procaine c. lidocaine d. tetracaine e. mepivacaine a - all of the listed local anesthetics are vasodilators except for cocaine. produces vasoconstriction. also blocks the reuptic of NE into adrenergic neurons, and thus potentiate the NE that has been released from nerve endings
which of the following anesthetic drugs produces powerful stimulation of the cerebral cortex? a. cocaine b. procaine c. lidocaine d. tetracaine e. mepivacaine a local anesthetics block nerve conduction by a. depolarizing the nerve membrane to neutrality b. increasing membrane permeability to K+ c. increasing membrane permeability to Na+ d. preventing an increase in membrane permeability to K+ e. preventing an increase in membrane permeability to Na+ e
b. the drug will not be absorbed as rapidly b/c of the decreased blood supply c. the chemical mediators of inflammation will present a chemical antagonism to the anesthetic d. prostaglandins stabilize the nerve membrane and diminish the effectiveness of local anesthetic a at a ph of 7.8, lidocaine (pka = 7.8) will exist in a. the ionized form b. the unionized form c. equal mixture c the more rapid onset of local anesthetics into small nerves is due to a. slightly lower pH of small nerves
b. the greater surface-volume ratio of small nerves c. the increased rate of penetration resulting form depolarization d. smaller nerves usually have a higher threshold b - small fibers will be blocked first b/c the anesthetic concentration to critical length in smaller fiber will be reached faster than in a larger fiber. you have to block 3 nodes of rangier and they are farther apart in larger fibers than in smaller diameter fibers a dentist administers 1.8mL of 2% lidocaine. How many mg of lidocaine did the pt receive? a. 3. b. 9 c. 18 d. 36 e. 180 d 2% solution = 20mg/mL x 1.8mL = 36mg lid
