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TSCP 2 Exam Questions | 100% Correct
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Which of the following researchers must follow TCPS 2? (select all that apply) a) a graduate student at an eligible Canadian college conducting self-funded research on political protest groups by interviewing members of these groups b) a professor at an eligible Canadian university who is conducting research in Brazil on educational initiatives involving Indigenous Peoples c) an independent researcher hired by a private company to conduct research on consumer brand loyalties d) a researcher at an eligible academic institution conducts research within that institution that is funded by their department, not the Agencies e) a master's student at an eligible institution conducts their research with street youth, not on the premises of the institution f) a graduate student at an eligible Canadian university who has a grant from NSERC to conduct research on the link between climate change and the bee population - โโa, b, d, e What happens if a researcher with a SSHRC grant breaches the TCPS 2 when conducting their research? (select all that apply) a) the TCPS 2 is a voluntary set of guidelines, so there are no consequences for a breach b) the researcher's institution may take action under the institution's policies c) SSHRC may take recourse that can range from a letter of awareness to a denial of eligibility for funding, depending on the seriousness of the breach - โโb, c
What is the fundamental value upon which the TCPS 2 is based? a) do not harm b) all persons are created equal c) respect for human dignity d) autonomy - โโc How should a researcher resolve a potential conflict between ethics considerations and legal obligations? (select all that apply) a) consult with colleagues, disciplinary associations, or lawyers, to determine how best to resolve the conflict b) fulfill the ethical obligations - they have more moral weight c) follow the law - it always takes precedence over ethics d) anticipate potential conflicts and design research to avoid them, where possible - โโa, d the TCPS 2 defines research as "an undertaking intended to extend knowledge through a disciplined inquiry and/or systematic investigation". Which of the following activities fall within this definition? (select all that apply) a) Professor A meets with colleagues in their department to discuss a research question of interest to them, with a view to refining the question b) Professor A meets with representatives of a community to discuss conducting research within that community on the topic they discussed with their colleagues
b) The ethics of animal and human research c) The ethics of research involving humans - โโc REBs may consider the following as potential benefits of research. (select all that apply) a) Direct benefits to the participants b) Benefits to the researcher in terms of career advancement c) Benefits to the group or community to which the participant belongs d) Benefits to society in the form of increased knowledge - โโa, c, d Choose the correct description of research-attributable risks, according to TCPS 2: a) All the risks a participant is exposed to during the period of the research b) All the risks a participant is ordinarily exposed to, plus any risks specific to the research c) All the risks associated with the research - โโc Which types of possible harms may be considered research risks? (select all that apply) a) Economic harm b) Social harm c) Psychological harm
d) Physical harm - โโall of the above What is the purpose of distinguishing between minimal risk research and research that is more than minimal risk? a) Minimal risk research does not require REB review b) The distinction helps the REB to determine the appropriate level of ethics review c) The distinction serves only to categorize the types of research proposal the REB receives - โโb What are the general principles of consent? a) Informed, ongoing, documented b) Voluntary, informed, ongoing c) Voluntary, informed, free d) Voluntary, informed, documented - โโb In general, when should researchers seek consent from individuals to participate in research? a) At any time during the course of the research b) After the participant has completed the research activity c) Prior to commencing participation in the research
c) REBs may waive the consent requirement for research involving secondary use of identifiable information, at their discretion d) REBs may waive the consent requirement for research involving secondary use of identifiable information if the researcher satisfies six conditions e) Where research involves the secondary use of non-identifiable information, neither consent nor REB review is required - โโa, d Compete the following sentence in accordance with the guidance in TCPS 2: "Excluding women from research is _________" a) Never ethically acceptable b) Ethically acceptable because this protects women from the risks of research c) Ethically unacceptable, unless the exclusion is related to the nature and scope of the research question d) Ethically necessary when a woman is pregnant or breastfeeding - โโc Which of the following statements reflect TCPS 2 guidance? (select all that apply) a) Publication in an academic journal is the only acceptable form of research dissemination b) It is important to communicate research results to participants, in a format suitable to them c) Researchers have a responsibility to disseminate the results of their research, even if those results do not confirm (or run counter to) their original hypothesis d) It is ethically acceptable for sponsors to prohibit the dissemination of results at their discretion, since they paid for the research - โโb, c
Under TCPS 2, can individuals who are in vulnerable circumstances participate in research? a) Yes, so long as their participation is necessary to the research and additional protective measures are in place b) No, it is wrong to include vulnerable individuals in research c) Yes, all that matters is that they have the capacity to consent d) No, those in vulnerable circumstances cannot participate in research even if the research focus is on people in their circumstances - โโa The principle of Justice requires an equitable distribution of the benefits and burdens of research because: (select all that apply) a) This helps to maintain public trust in research b) This contributes to the legitimacy of research results by ensuring that research findings are drawn from the full range of those whom the research applies c) This avoids disadvantaged or marginalized groups from bearing a disproportionate share of research risks - โโall of the above Which of the following statements is correct? (select all that apply) a) Researchers have an ethical duty to maintain the confidentiality of information they collect during the course of research b) A researcher's duty of confidentiality extends to human biological materials collected during the course of research
d) Secret information e) Anonymous information - โโd In research, conflict of interest is an issue that can affect: (select the most appropriate answer) a) Researchers b) Researchers and REB members c) Researchers, REB members, and institutions d) Researchers and institutions e) REB members and institutions - โโc Which of the following statements is/are true? (select all that apply) a) Conflicts of interest may be real, potential, or perceived b) Only real conflicts of interest need to be managed c) A research study cannot proceed if a researcher has disclosed a conflict of interest d) A conflict of interest in research is an incompatibility between all of one's duties, responsibilities, or interests, as they relate to the ethical conduct or research e) Researchers may choose whether or not to disclose conflicts of interest - โโa, d
Which of the following would be a conflict of interest for REB members? (select all that apply) a) REB members supervise the researcher submitting the protocol for REB review b) REB members sit on the board of the company that is sponsoring the research c) REB members are collaborating with the research applicant on another research project d) The research applicant is their sister-in-law e) The research applicant is their supervisor f) REB members own shares in the company that is sponsoring the research - โโall of the above Which of the following is/are an acceptable way for a researcher to manage a conflict of interest? (select all that apply) a) Disclose the conflict to a colleague at another institution b) Develop a plan to minimize the effect of the conflict c) Decide to remain impartial d) Disclose to the REB and to participants e) Keep silent, but be prepared to step off the research team if the conflict is discovered - โโb, d Addressing conflicts of interest in research involving humans is important because (select all that apply) a) It helps to protect the integrity of research
a) To bring diversity to the REB b) To provide an independent perspective on the proposed research c) To represent the research participant perspective d) To ensure that not all REB members are academic - โโc Which of the following statements describe(s) a proportionate approach to assessing the ethical acceptability of research? (select all that apply) a) Applying delegated review to minimal risk research and full board review to more than minimal risk research b) Considering the foreseeable risks, the potential benefits and the ethics implications of the research c) Having only the vice-president of research review minimal risk research d) Conducting an initial assessment of the level of risk to determine what level of scrutiny the review requires - โโa, b, d Which of the following statements is/are correct? (select all that apply) a) Due to the extraordinary circumstances, research cannot take place during a publicly declared emergency b) Institutions and REBs should develop preparedness plans for how to review research during public declared emergencies c) No exceptions to TCPS 2 procedures can occur during a publicly declared emergency, regardless of the justification provided
d) Any exceptional procedures put in place during a publicly declared emergency remain in force only as long as the emergency continues - โโb, d How is the concept of community definite in Chapter 9 of the TCPS 2? (select all that apply) a) A community defined by territory b) TCPS 2 adopts the definition of community in the Constitutions of Canada c) A community may be territorial, organizational, or interest-based d) A community describes a group of people with a shared identity or interest that has the capacity to act or express itself as a collective e) It is up to the parties to a research project to define the term "community" - โโc, d Which of the following statement(s) describe community engagement? (select all that apply) a) Community engagement is required where the research is likely to affect the welfare of an Indigenous community to which the prospective participants belong b) Community engagement is a process that establishes a respectful relationship between a researcher or research team, and an Indigenous community relevant to the research project c) Community engagement is not required if the research does not take place on First Nations, Inuit, or Mรฉtis lands d) It is up to the researcher to determine the nature and extent of community engagement appropriate to the research e) Community engagement is required where Indigenous Peoples make up a sizeable proportion of the study or community and where Indigenous-specific conclusions are intended - โโa, b, e
c) It is not ethically acceptable to conduct research involving critical inquiry of Indigenous institutions, policies or social phenomena d) In the context of research involving Indigenous communities, individual consent is less important than community approval of research - โโa, b
