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Trauma Cheat Sheet: Definitions and Types, Cheat Sheet of Traumatology

Albany Medical College (AMC)Traumatology

Useful Trauma cheat sheet with short definitions

Typology: Cheat Sheet

2019/2020
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Uploaded on 11/27/2020

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Trauma Cheat Sheet
by Siffi (Siffi) via cheatography.com/122609/cs/23039/
Fractures and Dislocations
- Cx (C4-C7 vertebral bodies m ost fractured) occurs with axial loading of the neck in flex ion
- Compression f# - axial compression + forced flexion, usually below T6.
In elderly/osteoporotic patients, minimal trauma can cause these fracture, occurs at any level
Rule out conditions such as bony mets , multiple myeloma + Paget's
S&S
- Local spasm + swelling
Tenderness
Local flexion deformity can occur
Pain on percussion/vibration
Management:
Healing time = 8-10 weeks, longer in elderly
Refer to f# unit at hospital
Describing trauma
- Type
Complete: Transverse, Oblique, Spiral/Comminuted
Incomplete: Greenstick/Torus
Salter Harris: Growth Plate f#
- Where
Diaphysis, Metaphysis, Epiphysis
-Displacement
Angulation, Translation, Rotation
-Joint involvement?
Definitions
Open/Closed F#
Closed: Does no Break Skin
Open: Breaks Skin
Comminuited F#
Has 2 or more bony fragments separated from the bone
Non-comminuited F#
Through the bone from one cortical surface to a nother- separates the bone into 2 fragments
Avulson F#
A portion of bone is torn away by forceful muscle /tendon/ligamentous pulling
Impaction f#
Portion of bone is driven into the adjacent bone - two types, depressed and compression
By Siffi (Siffi)
cheatography.com/siffi/
Not published yet.
Last updated 30th June, 2020.
Page 1 of 3.
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by Siffi (Siffi) via cheatography.com/122609/cs/23039/

Fractures and Dislocations

  • Cx ( C4-C7 vertebral bodies most fractured) occurs with axial loading of the neck in flexion - Compression f# - axial compression + forced flexion, usually below T6. In elderly/osteoporotic patients, minimal trauma can cause these fracture, occurs at any level Rule out conditions such as bony mets , multiple myeloma + Paget's S&S
  • Local spasm + swelling Tenderness Local flexion deformity can occur Pain on percussion/vibration Management: Healing time = 8-10 weeks, longer in elderly Refer to f# unit at hospital **Describing trauma
  • Type** Complete: Transverse, Oblique, Spiral/Comminuted Incomplete: Greenstick/Torus Salter Harris: Growth Plate f# - Where Diaphysis, Metaphysis, Epiphysis -Displacement Angulation, Translation, Rotation -Joint involvement? Definitions Open/Closed F# Closed: Does no Break Skin Open: Breaks Skin Comminuited F# Has 2 or more bony fragments separated from the bone Non-comminuited F# Through the bone from one cortical surface to another- separates the bone into 2 fragments Avulson F# A portion of bone is torn away by forceful muscle/tendon/ligamentous pulling Impaction f# Portion of bone is driven into the adjacent bone - two types, depressed and compression By Siffi (Siffi) cheatography.com/siffi/ Not published yet. Last updated 30th June, 2020. Sponsored by CrosswordCheats.com Learn to solve cryptic crosswords!

by Siffi (Siffi) via cheatography.com/122609/cs/23039/

Definitions (cont) Depressed: Inward bulging of an outer cortex Compressed: Trabecular compaction resulting in decreased size of involved bone Chip/corner f# A type of avulsion fracture - seperation of a small chip of bone form the corner of a short tubular bone Stress f# - Fatigue = F# caused by repetitive stress - microtraumas Insufficiency f# stress f# through bone weakened by disease Occult f# Clinical signs of f# without radiological evidence can show up within 7-10 days Bone Bruise Trabecular micro f# with oedema and haemorrhage seen on MRI Pseudo-f# Not a true f# - linear lucencies caused by metabolic disorders such as Osteomalacia, Rickets and Pagets Incomplete f# Only one cortex broke, leaving a buckling/deformity - Greenstick f# Greenstick f# - <10 years old - horizontal f# through the convex side of a long bone, concave side remains intact Torus - Bulging of a cortex Types of F# Oblique: Across the shaft of a long bone @ 45 degree angle Spiral: Torsion and compression - ends of the bones are sharp/pointed Transverse: At a right angle to the shaft of a long bone - usually caused by bone weakened by disease Spatial Relationships of f# Alignment: Position distal fragment in relation to the proximal fragment - angulation + rotation Apposition: Amount of bony contact at the fracture site Traumatic Articular Lesions Subluxation - Partial loss of contact between articular components of a joint Dislocation Complete loss of contact between articular components of a joint Diastasis Displacement or full separation of a syndemosis - most common @ pubic symphysis and distal tibio-fibular syndesmosis Osteochondral Defect: F# at a joint surface that may involve only the cartilage and underlying bone By Siffi (Siffi) cheatography.com/siffi/ Not published yet. Last updated 30th June, 2020. Sponsored by CrosswordCheats.com Learn to solve cryptic crosswords!