Nanotechnology in the
Delivery of Chemicals to a
Specific Location
February 19, 2010
S3: James Kancewick, Michael Koetting, Bradford Lamb
http://www.pharmainfo.net/files/u2882/nanopar
ticles_0.jpg
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Nanotechnology in Chemical Delivery: From Pharmaceuticals to Agriculture, Slides of Nanotechnology
This presentation explores the use of nanotechnology in delivering chemicals to specific locations, focusing on its applications in pharmaceuticals and agriculture. The benefits and challenges of using nanovehicles for drug delivery, specifically dextran nanoparticles, and their mechanism of action. Additionally, it covers the impact of carbon nanotubes on seed germination and plant growth in agriculture. The document also includes group reviews and rebuttals.
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Nanotechnology in the
Delivery of Chemicals to a
Specific Location
February 19, 2010
S3: James Kancewick, Michael Koetting, Bradford Lamb
http://www.pharmainfo.net/files/u2882/nanoparticles_0.jpg
Presentation Overview
- Overview
- Pharmaceutical
- Agricultural
Overview
- Medical field
- Highly selective approach
- Nano
- Personalized medicine
- Implantable delivery systems
- Easy and Cheap
Overview
- Agriculture
- Increase nutrient absorption
- Smart delivery systems
Traditional Treatment—Chemotherapy
- Cancer caused by genetic mutations that lead to uninhibited growth
- Chemotherapy treats this by either:
- Triggering apoptosis (programmed cell death)
- Inhibiting cell division
http://cdin.us/01pics/electron-pics/breast-cancer-cells.jpg
Traditional Treatment—Chemotherapy
- Targets most rapidly dividing cells (usually
cancer cells)
- Side effect: other rapidly dividing cells are
also affected
- Hair
- Nails
- Intestinal lining
http://www.beasurvivor.com/images/ch12im12.jpg
- Most nanovehicles that have been studied are polymer nanoparticles that deliver the toxins doxorubicin (DOX) or paclitaxel (PTX)
- Benefits
- Enhanced aqueous solubility
- Preferential accumulation at tumor sites
- Reduced side effects
- Increased circulation time
- Issues
- Low stability
- Premature release of drug compound
- Few of the studied compounds are biodegradable, and therefore not well-suited to medical use http://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/pub/web/4370_web.jpg
Nanovehicular Intracellular Targeting
Dextran Nanoparticles
- Ming, Zhong, et al. developed dextran nanoparticles by crosslinking dextran and lipoic acid derivatives (Dex-LAs) with catalytic dithiothreitol (DTT) - Highly water soluble - Stable in both dilute and high salt areas - Biocompatible - Diverse (based on specific structure) - High drug loading efficiency (84%)
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/ 3189887/abstract
Dextran Nanoparticles
- Nanoparticle cross- linking reduces size of nanoparticles by 10-25% - Easier transport into cells
- Cross-linking was also found to increase selectivity without adversely affecting drug delivery rate http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123189887/abstract
Further Research
- Current nanotechnology based therapy research aids traditional methods - Should find ways to use nanotechnology to enable better treatment mechanisms - New drugs that are less destructive and more selective
http://www.fhcrc.org/science/pacr/_pri vate/image_files/student_lab2.jpg
The results of CNT on Tomato germination
http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/nn900887m
Results For Tomato seeds
- Significant shorting of germination time
- Increased Germination percentage rates
- Seedlings with developed cotyledons and root system were recognized as fully germinated in this experiment
12 days 20 days Regular 32% 71% Treated 74-82% 90%
Could this work for other plants?
- Yes, and no further research is needed.
http://www.flowerpictures.net/adenium/ images/clark_seeds_3months.jpg
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_UzKDjjtny_o/Sqqn0Em_iDI/AAAAAAAAA2s/8LhE2IqcAzM/s200/Carbon+Nanotu bes+Could+Make+Efficient+Solar+Cells.jpg
Other Areas Of Agriculture Nanotechnology Applications
- Precision Farming
- Sensors
- Smart delivery systems
- pesticides and herbicides http://www.treehugger.com/20100112-corn-field.jpg