Chapter 28 - Transport and Exchange
Transport and Exchange Systems of the body
Respiratory
Moves o2 into, and CO2 out of the body
Cardiovascular
Transports materials to and from all other systems
Digestive
Transforms food into a form that can be transported throughout the
body
Urinary
Filters bodily fluids, removes waste while conserving water and
other materials
The Cardiovascular System
Fluid transport system
Three components:
Heart, blood vessels, and blood
Transports many different materials throughout the body
Nutrients, vitamins, waste products, hormones, immune system
cells and proteins, oxygen, CO2, heat
Centrifugation will separate blood into two layers
~55% plasma
92% water
7% plasma proteins
1% other solutes
~45% formed elements
99.9% red blood cells
Red blood cells
Most numerous of the formed elements
Transport O2 to and CO2 from every part of the body
.1% white blood cells and platelets
White blood cells
Critical players in the immune system
Platelets
Small fragments of cells
Important in the blood-clotting process
Red blood cells
“Erythrocytes” filled with the iron-containing pigment hemoglobin
Gives blood its red color
Binds to O2 in the lungs which is required for metabolism
Releases O2 in other body tissues
Binds to CO2 in body tissues produced during metabolism
Releases CO2 in the lungs
Present in large concentration
4.8 – 5.4 million per cubic millimeter of blood
