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Topic: Cell Types
Learning Objective/Outcome: distinguish between prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells;
specifically the presence or absence of a nucleus.
Keywords/Questions Notes
What is a prokaryotic cell?
What is a eukaryotic cell?
Give an example of a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell.
List organelles found in eukaryotic cells.
What can be found in prokaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells have no membrane-bound organelles so there is no nucleus therefore the genetic material and ribosomes float freely throughout the cell.
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles. These cells support complex life forms.
Prokaryotic: Bacteria Eukaryotic: Plant, Animal, and Fungus Cells
Organelles in a eukaryotic cell include but are not limited to:
- Nucleus
- Mitochondria
- Lysosome
- Golgi Apparatus
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
Prokaryotic cells often have appendages such as: Flagella – a tail that whips back and forth for movement Pili – which help prokaryotic cells hold onto other surface
Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
What is a plant cell?
What is an animal cell?
Both have the following in common:
- Genetic Material
- Ribosomes
- Single Cell Organisms
- Cytoplasm Differences Include the following:
- Eukaryotic cells are more evolved and have complex organization with compartmentalization
- Eukaryotic cells are 10x larger than prokaryotic cells
- Eukaryotic cells use cellular respiration and photosynthesis to gain energy
A unit of life that creates complex structures that gain energy from the sun through a process called photosynthesis.
A unit of life that can live as a single cell or build a complex organism from various tissue types.
Summary
There are two main divisions of cells consisting of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. They are similar in the fact that they support life and can reproduce; however, eukaryotic cells are much more complex and have higher levels of organization including membrane bound organelles that perform specialized functions.
