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TNCC Final Exam Test open book 50 Questions with Verified
Answers
You are treating a 27-year old male in respiratory distress who was involved in a house fire. Calculating TBSA burned is deferred d/t the need for emergent intubation. At what rate should you begin fluid resuscitation? A) 1000 mL/hr B) 500 mL/hr C) 250 mL/hr D) 125 mL/hr - CORRECT ANSWER B) 500 mL/hr A patient has been in the ED for several hours waiting to be admitted. He sustained multiple rib fractures and a femur fracture after a fall. He has been awake, alert, and c/o leg pain. His wife reported suddenly becoming anxious and confused. Upon reassessment, the patient is restless, with respiratory distress and petechiae to his neck. the patient is exhibiting signs of symptoms commonly associated with which of the following conditions? A) acute lung injury B) fat embolism C) PTX D) pulmonary contusion - CORRECT ANSWER B) fat embolism Which pulse pressure description is an indication of early hypovolemic shock? A) widened B) narrowed C) bounding D) weak - CORRECT ANSWER B) narrowed Which of the following considerations is most important when caring for a geriatric trauma patient?
A) head to to exam B) medical history C) incontinence D) falls - CORRECT ANSWER B) medical history Which of the following assessment findings differentiates a tension pneumothorax from a simple pneumothorax? A) increased work of breathing B) unilaterally diminished breath sounds C) pleuritic chest pain D) hypotension that worsens with inspiration - CORRECT ANSWER D) hypotension that worsens with inspiration. Assessment findings associated with tension pneumothorax include anxiety, severe restlessness, severe respiratory distress, and absent breath sounds on the injured side. Hypotension due to compression of the heart and great vessels is consistent with obstructive shock. Hypotension worsens with inspiration due to increased intrathoracic pressure. Late signs include distended neck veins, tracheal deviation, and cyanosis. The nurse is caring for a 120 kg male is brought in after a warehouse fire and is calculating the patient's fluid resuscitation needs. He has painful red blistering to the entire surface of both upper extremities and superficial burns to the anterior chest. Using the modified Lund and Browder chart to calculate the total BSA burned, how much IV fluids would be administered in the first 8 hours? A) 2280 mL B) 3840 mL C) 4560 mL D) 7680 mL - CORRECT ANSWER A) 2280 mL (upper arm 4+4 / lower arm 3+3 / hand 2.5+2.5) = 19% TBSA. 120 kg x (2 mL) x (19% TBSA) = 4560 mL 4560 / 2 (half of fluids given in first 8 hours) = 2280 mL
breaths/min. The patient is demonstrating signs and symptoms of which stage of shock? A) compensated B) Progressive C) irreversible D) decompensated - CORRECT ANSWER A) compensated Why is a measure of serum lactate obtained in the initial assessment of the trauma patient? a) to measure oxygenation and ventilation b) to quantify the base deficit for the adequacy of cellular perfusion c) to gauge end-organ perfusion and tissue hypoxia d) to determine the underlying cause of shock - CORRECT ANSWER c) to gauge end-organ perfusion and tissue hypoxia EMS brings a patient who fell riding his bicycle. Using the American College of Surgeons screening guidelines, which assessment finding would prompt the nurse to prepare the patient for radiologic spine clearance? A) Alert with no neurologic deficits B) Multiple abrasions to the extremities C) Multiple requests of water D) Smell of alcohol on breath - CORRECT ANSWER D) Smell of alcohol on breath Which of the following occurs during the third impact of a motor vehicle crash? A) The driver of the vehicle collides with the steering wheel B) the vehicle collides with a tree C) the aorta is torn at its attachment with the ligamentum arteriosum D) the airbag deploys and strikes the front seat passenger - CORRECT ANSWER C) the aorta is torn at its attachment with the ligamentum arteriosum A passenger is brought to the emergency department of a rural hospital following a high-speed MVC. When significant abdominal and pelvic injuries are noted in the primary survey, which of the following is the priority interventions?
A) initiate transfer to a trauma center B) provide report to the operating room nurse C) Obtained imaging studies D) Place a gastric tube - CORRECT ANSWER A) initiate transfer to a trauma center Which of the following injuries is LEAST likely to be promptly identified? A) spleen B) lung C) bowel D) brain - CORRECT ANSWER C) bowel Patients with a crush injury should be monitored for which of the following conditions? A) Hypernatremia B) Hypercalcemia C) Dysrhythmias D) polyuria - CORRECT ANSWER C) Dysrhythmias What finding raises suspicion of complete spinal cord injury? A) Weakness in the lower extremities B) Priapism C) voluntary anal sphincter tone D) intact reflexes distal to the injury - CORRECT ANSWER B) Priapism A patient with a complete spinal cord injury in neurogenic shock will demonstrate hypotension and which other clinical signs? A) Bradycardia and ipsilateral absences of motor function B) Tachycardia and respiratory depression C) Tachycardia and absent motor function below the level of injury D) Bradycardia and absent motor function below the level of the injury - CORRECT ANSWER D) Bradycardia and absent motor function below the level of the injury
A patient is thrown against a car during a tornado and presents with obvious bilateral femoral fractures. The patient is pale, alert, disoriented, and has delayed cap refill. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate for this patient based on the disaster triage principle? A) initiate two large bore intravenous lines for Ringers lactate solution administration B) Administer Dilaudid for pain control and provide comfort care C) Place the patient in an observation area for care within the next few hours D) Contact the command center for the personnel to notify next of kin. - CORRECT ANSWER A) initiate two large bore intravenous lines for Ringers lactate solution administration Which of the following mnemonics can help the nurse prioritize care for a trauma patient with massive uncontrolled hemorrhage? A) ABC B) MARCH C) AVPU D) VIPP - CORRECT ANSWER B) MARCH A patient arrives with a large open chest wound after being assaulted with a machete, Prehospital providers placed a nonporous dressing over the chest wound and tapes it on 3 sides. He is now showing signs of anxiety, restlessness, severe respiratory distress, cyanosis, and decreasing blood pressure. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate interventions? A) needle decompression B) tube thoracostomy C) dressing removal D) surgical repair - CORRECT ANSWER C) dressing removal A patient is found lying on the floor after falling 13 hours ago. Which of the following lab values is expected with a musculoskeletal complication associated with this presentation? A) elevated creatine kinase
B) decreased potassium level C) decreased WBC D) elevated GFR - CORRECT ANSWER A) elevated creatine kinase Caregivers carry a 2-year old into the ED who fell out of 2nd story window. The patient is awake and crying with increased work of breathing and pale skin. which of the following interventions has the highest priority? A) padding the upper back while stabilizing the cervical spine *** B) applying a tight-fitting NRB mask with an attached resevior C) establishing intravenous access and administering a 20mL/kg bolus D) preparing for drug assisted intubation - CORRECT ANSWER A) padding the upper back while stabilizing the cervical spine A 35-year old male presents with facial trauma after bring struck in the face with a baseball. a tear-drop shaped left pupil is noted on exam. What type of injury is suspected? A) oculomotor nerve palsy B) globe rupture *** C) Uncal herniation D) retinal detachment - CORRECT ANSWER B) globe rupture Which of the following is true about the log roll maneuver? A) it causes less spinal motion than the lift and slide maneuver B) it is recommended for patients with unstable pelvic fractures C) it can worsen cord damage from an unstable spinal injury *** D) it does not increases the risk of life threatening hemorrhage from unstable injuries - CORRECT ANSWER C) it can worsen cord damage from an unstable spinal injury EMS arrives with the intoxicated driver of a car involved in a MVC. EMS reports significant damage to the drivers side of the car. The patient is asking to have the cervical color removed. when is it appropriate to remove the cervical collar? A) after a physical examination if the patient has no radiologic abnormalities on a computed tomography scan ***
A) call for a portable CXR stat B) chest to make sure the ventilator is plugged in C) suction the ET tube D) confirm ET tube placement - CORRECT ANSWER D) confirm ET tube placement What factor contributes most the kinetic energy of a body in motion? A) acceleration B) mass C) velocity D) inertia - CORRECT ANSWER C) velocity During the primary survey of an unconscious patient with multi-system trauma, the nurse notes snoring respirations. Which priority nursing interventions should be performed next? A) open the airway with the head-tilt/chin lift maneuver B) auscultate bilateral breath sounds to assess ventilatory status C) assist respirations using a BVM D) insert an oropharyngeal airway if there is no gag reflex - CORRECT ANSWER D) insert an oropharyngeal airway if there is no gag reflex Following a review of recent drills and a real disaster event, a hospital has identified deficiencies and is taking steps to minimize the impact of future disaster. Which phase of the disaster life cycle does this describe? A) mitigation B) preparedness C) response D) recovery - CORRECT ANSWER A) mitigation A 49-year old restrained driver involved in a MVC presents to the trauma center c/o abd, pelvic, and bil lower extremity pain Vitals signs are stable. The nurse can anticipate all of these negative fast exam except which of the following? A. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage
B. Serial FAST exams C. Abdominal and pelvic CT scans D. Serial abdominal assessments - CORRECT ANSWER A) diagnostic peritoneal lavage The FAST exam is done at the bedside to identify pathological fluid in the abdominal and pelvic cavities. FAST exams reduce the use of more invasive diagnostic peritoneal lavage and can be repeated if clinical changes or hemodynamic changes occur. A negative FAST study does not rule out injury and may warrant a follow-up computed tomography scan. Serial FAST exams can identify increasing abdominal fluid collections from hemorrhage. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage/diagnostic peritoneal aspiration is performed by the surgical team to rapidly identify the presence of hemorrhage in patients who are hemodynamically unstable after trauma. The most reassuring finding for a male patient with hop pain after a fall is which of the following? A) a normal prostate exam B) absence of abdominal distension C) a normal fast exam D) pelvic stability - CORRECT ANSWER D) pelvic stability Which of the following is an expected finding in a patient with a thoracostomy connected to a chest drainage system? A) output of 200 mL/hr B) tubing clamp closed for transport C) dependent loops in the tubing to promote drainage D) fluctuations in the water serial chamber - CORRECT ANSWER D) fluctuations in the water serial chamber Which of the following patients warrants referral to a burn center? A) a 21- year old female with a partial thickness burn to the right forearm B) a 40-year old hypertensive male with a superficial burn to the back C) a 52-year old diabetic male with partial thickness burn to the left lower leg
D) cardiac cath - CORRECT ANSWER C) pericardiocentesis What bedside monitoring parameters are used to assess for adequacy of oxygenation and effectiveness of ventilation? A) pulse oximetry and capnogaphy ** B) respiratory rate and capnography C) pulse oximetry and respiratory rate D) capnography and capnometry - CORRECT ANSWER A) pulse oximetry and capnogaphy Which of the following values indicates the need for alcohol withdrawal interventions? A) CIWA-Ar of 36 *** B) GCS 13 C) ETCo2 of 48 mm Hg D) heart rate of 45 beats/min - CORRECT ANSWER A) CIWA-Ar of 36 An unresponsive trauma patient has an oropharyngeal airway in place, shallow and labored respiratory, and dusky skin. the trauma team has administered medications for drug assisted intubation and attempted intubation but was unsuccessful. What is the most appropriate immediate next step? A) Ventilate with a BVM B) Prepare for cricothyroidotomy C) administer reversal medications D) contact anesthesia for assistance - CORRECT ANSWER A) Ventilate with a BVM The trauma nurse knows that placing a bariatric patients in a "ramped position" provides better visualization during the insertion of which device? A) Intraosseous line B) orogastric tube C) ET tube *** D) urinary catheter - CORRECT ANSWER C) ET tube
You are caring for a patient who was involved in a MVA and is 32 weeks pregnant. Findings of your secondary survey include abd pain on palpation, fundal high at the costal margin, and some dark bloody show. Varying, accelerations and decelerations are noted on the cardiotocography. These findings are most consistent with which of the following? A) placental abruption B) preterm labor C) uterine rupture D) fetal demise - CORRECT ANSWER A) placental abruption
