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The role of conformity assessment procedures as nontariff barriers to trade in the context of falling traditional trade barriers. It highlights the lack of knowledge about the extent and impact of these barriers, particularly in developing countries. The text suggests that regional initiatives may be more effective than multilateral approaches for facilitating trade through mutual recognition agreements. Developing countries are encouraged to adopt the standards of their major trading partners instead of creating their own. The document also acknowledges the need for a methodology to evaluate the economic effects of technical barriers to trade (tbts) and the importance of developing a flexible approach.
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As traditional barriers to trade have fallen, standards, technical regulations, and procedures for assessing conformity have become increasingly important as nontariff barriers to trade. But relatively little is know about the extent and nature of those barriers and even less about their quantitative impact, especially in developing countries. To facilitate trade, regional initiatives on standards and conformity assessment appear to be more promising than a multilateral approach because of the greater trust and commonality of interest at the regional level- with regard to mutual recognition agreements. Ammendment For reasons of both efficiency and cost, developing countries should adopt the standards of their major trading partners rather than develop their own national standards.
2. there is no established methodology for evaluating the economic effects of TBTs the framework provides an estimate of the upper bound of the potential costs to U.S. exporters, not an estimate of the potential costs per se. As such, it would be inappropriate to assert that the costs of a particular TBT would be “X” dollars, based on a framework calculation; rather, they could be no more than “X” dollars. Ammendment prudent use would require an assessment as to how far beneath the upper bound the true costs would likely lie. 3. The Current State of Metrics and Measures few of the cited economic studies define TBTs strictly in terms of a measure’s consistency with WTO commitments in terms of the vocabulary of TBT Agreement, they nevertheless provide insight to the task at hand. Ammendment The findings strongly suggest the necessity of developing a flexible approach that can support a considerable amount of institutional and operational detail.