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Sympathomimetic
Sympathomimetic drugs mimic the effects of transmitter substances of the sympathetic nervous system such as catecholamines, epinephrine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), dopamine, etc. Stimulate Adenyl Cyclase, increase cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) TERM 2
A Receptor
DEFINITION 2 Vasoconstrictor, increases blood pressure TERM 3
B1 Receptor
DEFINITION 3 Increase HR and contractility TERM 4
B2 Receptor
DEFINITION 4 Bronchodilation TERM 5
Ultra Short Acting Catecholamines
DEFINITION 5 All lack specific B2 activity. Cause tachycardia, increases blood pressure, short duration, and fast onset
Epinephrine
Racemic Epinephrine - MicroNefrin, VapoNefrinA and B receptor sitesSVN 0.25-0.5 mlOnset 3-5 minutesDuration 0.5- 2 or 3 hours TERM 7
Isoproterenol
DEFINITION 7 Isuprel (Major cardiac effect)B receptor site (more B1)SVN 0.25-0.5 ml or 1.25 - 2.5 mgOnset 2-5 minutesDuration 0.5- hoursRarely used today TERM 8
Isoetharine
DEFINITION 8 IsoeatharineB receptor site (B1)SVN 0.25-0.5 ml or 1.25-2. mgOnset 1-6 minutesDuration 15-60 minutesRarely used today TERM 9
Short Acting Noncatecholamines
DEFINITION 9 Longer acting B2 specificDuration 4-6 hours TERM 10
Metaproterenol
DEFINITION 10 AlupentSVN 0.2-0.3 ml or 4% or 6%Onset 1- minutesDuration 2-6 hours
Long Lasting Bronchodilators
Slower onset of action (20-30 minutes)B2 receptor sitesMaintenance and nocturnal controlOften combined with anti-inflammatory agents TERM 17
Salmetrol
DEFINITION 17 SereventSalmeterol is a long-acting beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist drug that is prescribed for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. MDI 25mcg/puff - 2 puffs BIDDPI 50mcg/puff - 1 puff BIDOnset 20 minutes Duration 12 hours TERM 18
Formoterol
DEFINITION 18 ForadilFormoterol or eformoterol (former BAN) is a long- acting 2 agonist used in the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). DPI 12mcg/inhalation BID (higher doses can cause bronchospasm)Onset 5 minutesDuration 12 hoursMust be refrigerated TERM 19
Brovana
DEFINITION 19 Arformoterol 15mcg/2mlTwice dailyNebulizer onlyTreatment of COPDDo not take other LABAEmergency use only TERM 20
Advair
DEFINITION 20 The combination preparation fluticasone/salmeterol is a formulation containing fluticasone propionate and salmeterol xinafoate, used in the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Flovent and Serevent
Symbicort
Budesonide/formoterol is a combination formulation containing budesonide and formoterol used in the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the EU. Pulmicort and Foradil TERM 22
Dulera
DEFINITION 22 Mometasone/formoterol is a combination inhaler containing both an inhaled corticosteroid and long acting bronchodilator. Anti-fungal steroid TERM 23
Omalizumab
DEFINITION 23 Omalizumab is a humanized antibody originally designed to reduce sensitivity to inhaled or ingested allergens, especially in the control of moderate to severe allergic asthma, which does not respond to high doses of corticosteroids. XolairSteroid freeInjection 1x month TERM 24
Sympathomimetic Side Effects
DEFINITION 24 TremorsTachycardiaNauseaHeadachePalpitationsHypertensionRe TERM 25
Sympathomimetic
Contraindications
DEFINITION 25 HyperthyroidismHypertensionTachycardiaTolerance (tachyphylaxis)
Tiotropium Bromide
SpirivaTiotropium bromide is a long-acting, 24 hour, anticholinergic bronchodilator used in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Once daily dosingSlow onset (30 min)Significant FEV increase1st line COPD TERM 32
Parasympatholytics Contraindications/Side
Effects
DEFINITION 32 Narrow angle glaucoma Nervousness TachycardiaVertigoPalpitations NauseaGI DistressDry MouthThick secretions TERM 33
Corticosteroids
DEFINITION 33 Controls airway inflammation without systemic side effectsEnhance B2 bronchodilatorsMaintenance and use in exacerbationsEffects take hours to days TERM 34
Dexamethasone
DEFINITION 34 DecadronDexamethasone is a potent synthetic member of the glucocorticoid class of steroid drugs that has anti- inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects. MDI TERM 35
Beclomethasone
DEFINITION 35 QVAR, Vanceril, Beclovent Not for Oral useMDI 42mcg
Triamcinolone Acetonide
Azmacort Low systemic absorptionBuilt in spacerMDI 100mcg TERM 37
Flunisolide
DEFINITION 37 AerobidFlunisolide is a corticosteroid often prescribed as treatment for allergic rhinitis. MDI TERM 38
Budesonide
DEFINITION 38 Budesonide is a glucocorticoid steroid for the treatment of asthma, COPD and non-infectious rhinitis, and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis. MDI - Pulmicort Plasma 1/2 life, 2 hoursDPI 200 mcg
