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Explore the fundamental concepts of matter, including its different types, qualitative and quantitative properties, and physical and chemical characteristics. Learn about mass, volume, energy, living and non-living matter, and the five senses used to describe substances. Discover the importance of clarity, color, odor, texture, hardness, melting point, boiling point, solubility, viscosity, and more.
Typology: Study notes
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Qualitative Property: is a characteristic of a substance that can be described but not measured.
Taste
You use your five senses to make qualitative observations. You can describe matter using the following terms. Since qualitative properties are not specific or characteristic to any type of matter, the more terms you use to describe a substance the better.
To describe all substances:
∑ a unit of measure
Physical Properties: are the properties that do not involve the making of new substances.
Physical Properties are things like ...
∑ Shape
∑ Hardness
∑ Odour
∑ Melting point
∑ Boiling Point
∑ Transmission of Light
∑ Clarity (transparent/opaque)
∑ Taste
∑ State (solid/liquid/gas)
Hardness : the measure of the resistance of a solid to being scratched or dented
M elting Point : temperature which the solid form of a substance becomes liquid
Boiling Point : temperature which the liquid form of a substance becomes a gas
Solubility : the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent like water
Viscosity: the measure of how easily a liquid substance flows. (the thicker the liquid the more viscous it is)
Characteristic Physical Properties: The physical properties of a substance that make that substance different from most other substances are called the characteristic physical properties of that substance. Things boiling point, melting point and density are all characteristic physical properties.
Chemical Properties: are the properties that involve the formation of a new substance. (example: when iron rusts or propane burns)
Chemical Properties are things like ...
o Light Sensitivity: the ability of a substance to change to a new substance in the presence of visible light