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The Ornament of the World: How Muslims, Jews, and Christians Created a Culture of Tolerance in Medieval Spain Material Type: Paper; Class: World History; Subject: History; University: Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania; Term: Forever 1989;
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Student Name Prof. Wadas History 030 11/2/
The Ornament of the World focuses on tolerance in Medieval Spain within the Muslim and Christian kingdoms through political examples as well as cultural examples. It tells the story of how these events affected the course of European history and civilization. The Ornament of the World explores the point of the history of Arabic-speaking people where the story divulges taken by the Abbasids. It is a story about how one young man by the name of Abd al-Rahman abandoned his home in Damascus in search of refuge. Damascus had become an unsafe territory to live in for his family, the Umayyads. The Umayyads were killed off by Abbasids who took control of the Islam Empire. The massacre of the Umayyads occurred in 750 BCE and al-Rahman reemerged five years later in 755. When he reappeared, he realized that kinsmen from his mother's tribe had also emigrated from there and had mostly been converted to Islam. Abd reemerged in a province that
was far from the center of the new empire that overthrew the Umayyads. The politics of the area would change drastically by rivalries between the Berbers and the Arab leaderships for centuries. The rumored "overthrow" of Damascus was greatly important to Muslims that remained in the west. The Berbers were being mistreated by their Arab overlords, even though most converted submissively. Because Abd was not only the heir to the empire but also a son of a tribeswoman of the Berber, it was easy for him to gain the loyalty of the soldiers and settlers of the new land. In May of 756, Abd assembled an army and defeated the man who offered his daughter's hand in marriage as a peace offering and took control of the Islamic province. The Abbasids moved their capital of the Islamic empire East to Baghdad to reduce the visibility of a coup by a remaining Umayyad. But the provinces around Abd's estate saw him as the legitimate ruler. He called his empire Rusafa to pronounce that he survived and he was the legitimate ruler of the Umayyads.