Origins & Spread of Islam & Christianity: Jesus, Muhammad & Early History, Study notes of Christianity

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The Origins

& Spread of

Islam and

Christianity

H ow d i d t h e s e

r e l ig i o n s o r ig i n a t e

a n d s p r e a d?

Introduction to Christianity

2. How did Christianity become the official religion of the Roman Empire? Emperor Constantine began the practice of allowing Romans to choose their own religion.
3. Who founded Christianity? When and where did he live? Jesus of Nazareth; born in Judea. Lived from about 4 B.C. to A.D. 30.

Judea: The Birthplace of Christianity 63 B.C.-Rome had Jewish leaders that supported Roman rule. Jews rebel. 37 B.C.- Herod ruled. Jews did not trust him. 4 B.C.-Herod’s sons ruled. Jews did not trust them.

Judea: The Birthplace of Christianity Messiah

• A savior who many Jews believe had been promised to them by God.

Describe Jesus’s birth according to the Gospels.

• Jesus was born in a stable in Bethlehem. His parents were on their way to participate in a census ordered by Augustus.

Who were the disciples?

• Followers of Jesus, mostly simple people like laborers and fishermen

What is a parable and how does it relate to Jesus?

• A parable is a simple story that explains a moral or religious lesson. Jesus used these to teach.

Explain the moral of the story The Good Samaritan.

• Be good neighbors by having mercy on others, even your enemies.

Why did Paul stop persecuting Christians and become a

missionary?

• Paul stopped persecuting Christians and became a missionary because he believed he had heard the voice of the Jesus in a vision. How did Paul’s work help to spread Christianity? - Paul helped spread Christianity by preaching throughout much of the empire. While in jail, he wrote letters to other Christians. The Missionary Work of Paul

Christians were considered a threat to Rome because they refused to worship other Roman gods, would not admit that the emperor was a god, preferred a life of simplicity, and refused to serve in the army. Why were Christians considered a threat to Rome? Christianity Spreads

The Christian Church Takes Shape Describe 2 roles the Church played in society after the fall of Rome. Provided leadership Organized distribution of food Preserved old texts

Hierarchy of the Roman Catholic Church Pope Supreme head of the Church Cardinals Helped the Pope/ Chosen by the Pope Bishops Controlled dioceses Archbishops Oversaw archdioceses Priests Served local parishes

Introduction to Islam

Makkah became Islam’s most sacred city, and the Ka’bah became a center of Islamic worship. Who founded Islam? When and where did he live? The founder of Islam was Muhammad, who was born in Makkah (Mecca) around 570 C.E.

What is the Ka’bah?

A shrine that is the center of Islamic worship.