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The Human Body: An Overview of Its Systems, Functions, and Interactions, Slides of Human Biology

A comprehensive overview of the twelve major systems in the human body, their functions, and how they interact with each other. The systems covered include the digestive, circulatory, nervous, excretory, respiratory, skeletal, muscular, endocrine, immune, integumentary, lymphatic, and reproductive systems. Each system is discussed in detail, with major organs listed and their roles explained. Interactions between systems are also highlighted.

What you will learn

  • What are the major functions of the digestive system?
  • What role does the nervous system play in maintaining homeostasis?
  • What is the function of the endocrine system and how does it regulate body activities?
  • How does the circulatory system transport materials to and from cells?
  • How does the immune system fight off foreign invaders in the body?

Typology: Slides

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

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Name _________________________________ Period _______ Date _________________
THE HUMAN BODY SYSTEMS
System
Function
Diagram
Major Organs
Interactions-
Working with Other
Systems
Digestive
1. take in food
(ingestion)
2. digest food into
smaller molecules
and absorb
nutrients
3. remove
undigestable food
from body (feces)
Mouth,
esophagus,
stomach, Sm.
Intestine, Lg.
intestine,
rectum, anus
Salivary glands,
pancreas, liver,
gall bladder
1. w/circulatory โ€“ absorb &
deliver the digested
nutrients to the cells
2. w/muscular โ€“ control the
contractions of many of the
digestive organs to pass
food along
3.w/nervous โ€“ hypothalamus
maintains homeostasis by
triggering appetite
(stomach growling), digest.
Circulatory
Transport materials
to and from cells
Heart
Veins
Arteries
Capillaries
Red blood cells
1. w/respiratory โ€“ deliver O2 from
lungs to cells and dr op off CO2
from cells to lungs
2. w/digestive โ€“ absorb and
deliver digested nutrients to cells
3. w/excretory โ€“ kidneys filter
cellular waste out of blood for
removal
4. w/lymphatic โ€“ both transport
things to and from cells
5. w/immune โ€“ transports WBCs
throughout body to fig ht disease
6. w/nervous โ€“ brain controls
heartbeat
7. w/endocrine โ€“ trans. hormones
Nervous
1. gathers and
interprets
information
2. responds to
information
3. helps maintain
homeostasis
Brain
Spinal cord
Nerves
Nerve cells =
neurons
hypothalamus
Controls all other
systems
Hypothalamus โ€“ maintains
homeostasis by working
with all systems
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Name _________________________________ Period _______ Date _________________

THE HUMAN BODY SYSTEMS

System Function Diagram Major Organs

Interactions- Working with Other Systems

Digestive

  1. take in food (ingestion)
  2. digest food into smaller molecules and absorb nutrients
  3. remove undigestable food from body (feces)

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, Sm. Intestine, Lg. intestine, rectum, anus

Salivary glands, pancreas, liver, gall bladder

  1. w/circulatory โ€“ absorb & deliver the digested nutrients to the cells
  2. w/muscular โ€“ control the contractions of many of the digestive organs to pass food along 3.w/nervous โ€“ hypothalamus maintains homeostasis by triggering appetite (stomach growling), digest.

Circulatory

Transport materials to and from cells

Heart Veins Arteries Capillaries Red blood cells

  1. w/respiratory โ€“ deliver O 2 from lungs to cells and drop off CO (^2) from cells to lungs
  2. w/digestive โ€“ absorb and deliver digested nutrients to cells
  3. w/excretory โ€“ kidneys filter cellular waste out of blood for removal
  4. w/lymphatic โ€“ both transport things to and from cells
  5. w/immune โ€“ transports WBCs throughout body to fight disease
  6. w/nervous โ€“ brain controls heartbeat
  7. w/endocrine โ€“ trans. hormones

Nervous

  1. gathers and interprets information
  2. responds to information
  3. helps maintain homeostasis

Brain Spinal cord

Nerves Nerve cells = neurons

hypothalamus

Controls all other systems

Hypothalamus โ€“ maintains homeostasis by working with all systems

System Function Diagram Major Organs Working with Other Systems

Excretory

  1. removes waste products from cellular metabolism (urea, water, CO 2 )
  2. filters blood

Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra

Lungs Skin โ€“ sweat glands Liver (produces urea)

  1. w/circulatory โ€“ filters waste out of blood
  2. w/lungs โ€“ removes excretory waste
  3. w/integumentary โ€“ removes excretory waste

Respiratory

Takes in oxygen and removes carbon dioxide and water

Nose Trachea Bronchi Bronchioles Alveoli lungs

  1. w/circulatory โ€“ takes in O 2 for delivery to cells and removes CO 2 brought from cells
  2. w/excretory โ€“ removes excretory waste
  3. w/nervous โ€“ controls breathing
  4. w/muscular โ€“ diaphragm controls breathing

Skeletal

  1. protects organs
  2. provides shape, support
  3. stores materials (fats, minerals)
  4. produces blood cells
  5. allows movement

Bones Cartilage ligaments

  1. w/muscular โ€“ allow movement
  2. w/circulatory โ€“ produce blood cells
  3. w/immune โ€“ produce white blood cells
  4. w/circulatory and respiratory โ€“ protects itโ€™s organs

System Function Diagram Major Organs Working with Other Systems

Integumen- tary

  1. barrier against Infection (1 st^ line of defense)
  2. helps regulate body temp.
  3. removes excretory waste (urea, water)
  4. protects against sunโ€™s UV rays
  5. produces vitamin D

SKIN

*Epidermis

*Dermis

  • sweat gland
  • sebaceous gland (oil)
  • hair follicle
  • blood vessels
  • nerves
    1. w/excretory โ€“ removes cellular waste
    2. w/nervous โ€“ controls body temperature (sweating, goose bumps)
    3. w/immune โ€“ prevents pathogens from entering

Lymphatic

  1. stores and carries WBCโ€™s that fight disease
  2. collects excess fluid and returns it to blood (2 nd circulatory system-reaches places other one canโ€™t โ€“ between cells)

Lymph (liquid part of blood โ€“ plasma, when itโ€™s in lymph vessels)

Lymph Vessels Lymph Nodes Contain WBCs

  1. w/immune โ€“ holds lots of WBCs to fight pathogens
  2. w/circulatory โ€“ to transport materials to and from cells

Reproduct- ive

Allows organisms to reproduce which prevents their species from becoming extinct.

Ovaries *produce eggs

Testes *produce sperm

  1. w/endocrine โ€“ controls production of sex cells
  2. w/muscular โ€“ uterus contracts to give birth โ€“ controlled by hormones