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The Graph Matching in the Fundamentals of Physics I | PHY 101, Lab Reports of Physics

Portland Community CollegePhysics

Material Type: Lab; Class: Fundamentals of Physics I; Subject: Physics; University: Portland Community College; Term: Unknown 1989;

Typology: Lab Reports

Pre 2010

Uploaded on 08/18/2009

koofers-user-l54
koofers-user-l54 🇺🇸

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Phy 101: Fundamentals of Physics Lab
PCC Cascade
Experiment #1: Graph Matching 1
One of the most effective methods of describing motion is to plot graphs of distance, velocity,
and acceleration vs. time. From such a graphical representation, it is possible to determine in
what direction an object is going, how fast it is moving, how far it traveled, and whether it is
speeding up or slowing down. In this experiment, you will use a Motion Detector to determine
this information by plotting a real time graph of your motion as you move across the classroom.
The Motion Detector measures the time it takes for a high frequency sound pulse to travel from
the detector to an object and back. Using this round-trip time and the speed of sound, you can
determine the distance to the object; that is, its position. Logger Pro will perform this calculation
for you. It can then use the change in position to calculate the object’s velocity and acceleration.
All of this information can be displayed either as a table or a graph. A qualitative analysis of the
graphs of your motion will help you develop an understanding of the concepts of kinematics.
w a l k b a c k a n d f o r t h
i n f r o n t o f
M o t i o n D e t e c t o r
OBJECTIVES
Analyze the motion of a student walking across the room.
Predict, sketch, and test distance vs. time kinematics graphs.
MATERIALS
Power Macintosh or Windows PC Vernier Motion Detector
Universal Lab Interface meter stick
Logger Pro masking tape
1 - 1
pf3
pf4
pf5

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Phy 101: Fundamentals of Physics Lab PCC Cascade

Experiment #1: Graph Matching 1

One of the most effective methods of describing motion is to plot graphs of distance, velocity, and acceleration vs. time. From such a graphical representation, it is possible to determine in what direction an object is going, how fast it is moving, how far it traveled, and whether it is speeding up or slowing down. In this experiment, you will use a Motion Detector to determine this information by plotting a real time graph of your motion as you move across the classroom. The Motion Detector measures the time it takes for a high frequency sound pulse to travel from the detector to an object and back. Using this round-trip time and the speed of sound, you can determine the distance to the object; that is, its position. Logger Pro will perform this calculation for you. It can then use the change in position to calculate the object’s velocity and acceleration. All of this information can be displayed either as a table or a graph. A qualitative analysis of the graphs of your motion will help you develop an understanding of the concepts of kinematics. w a l k b a c k a n d f o r t h i n f r o n t o f M o t i o n D e t e c t o r

OBJECTIVES

 Analyze the motion of a student walking across the room.  Predict, sketch, and test distance vs. time kinematics graphs.

MATERIALS

Power Macintosh or Windows PC Vernier Motion Detector Universal Lab Interface meter stick Logger Pro masking tape 1 - 1

PRELIMINARY QUESTIONS

  1. Convert the following measurements to the indicated unit: Phy 101: Fundamentals of Physics Lab 1 - 2

PROCEDURE

Part l Preliminary Experiments

  1. Connect the Motion Detector to PORT 2 of the Universal Lab Interface.
  2. Place the Motion Detector so that it points toward an open space at least 4 m long. Use short strips of masking tape on the floor to mark the 1 m, 2 m, 3 m, and 4 m distances from the Motion Detector.
  3. Prepare the computer for data collection by opening “PHY101-Exp 01A” from the PHY 101 experiment files of Logger Pro. One graph will appear on the screen. The vertical axis has distance scaled from 0 to 5 meters. The horizontal axis has time scaled from 0 to 10 seconds.
  4. Using Logger Pro , produce a graph of your motion when you walk away from the detector with constant velocity. To do this, stand about 1 m from the Motion Detector and have your lab partner click Collect. Walk slowly away from the Motion Detector when you hear it begin to click.
  5. Sketch what the distance vs. time graph will look like if you walk faster. Check your prediction with the Motion Detector.
  6. Try to match the shape of the distance vs. time graphs that you sketched in the Preliminary Questions section by walking in front of the Motion Detector. Part Il Distance vs****. Time Graph Matching
  7. Prepare the computer for data collection by opening “PHY101-Exp 01B” from the PHY experiment files of Logger Pro. The distance vs. time graph shown will appear.
  8. Describe how you would walk to produce this target graph.
  9. To test your prediction, choose a starting position and stand at that point. Start data collection by clicking Collect. When you hear the Motion Detector begin to click, walk in such a way that the graph of your motion matches the target graph on the computer screen.
  10. If you were not successful, repeat the process until your motion closely matches the graph on the screen. If a printer is attached, print the graph with your best attempt.
  11. Prepare the computer for data collection by opening “PHY101-Exp 01C” from the PHY experiment files of Logger Pro and repeat Steps 8 – 10, using a new target graph. Phy 101: Fundamentals of Physics Lab 1 - 4
  1. Answer the Analysis questions for Part II before proceeding to Part III.
  2. Remove the masking tape strips from the floor.

ANALYSIS

Part II Distance vs****. Time Graph Matching

  1. Describe how you walked for each of the graphs that you matched.
  2. Explain the significance of the slope of a distance vs. time graph. Include a discussion of positive and negative slope.
  3. What type of motion is occurring when the slope of a distance vs. time graph is zero?
  4. What type of motion is occurring when the slope of a distance vs. time graph is constant?
  5. What type of motion is occurring when the slope of a distance vs. time graph is changing? Test your answer to this question using the Motion Detector. Phy 101: Fundamentals of Physics Lab 1 - 5