The Formula Bharat Rulebook, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Automobile Engineering

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CONTENTS

Formula Student Rules 2017

CHANGELOG

Rule Version Change

A 4.3.1 1.1 Team members do not need to be students of the teams’s university A 5.2.1 1.1 Two deputies may also upload team documents A 6.1.1 1.1 Removal of tractive system accumulators prohibited A 6.4.6 1.1 Refined requirements for testing safety T 1.1.1 1.1 Added good engineering practices T 1.2.1 1.1 Clarification: Minimal bodywork openings allowed around suspension system T 1.2.2 1.1 Added minimum nose radius T 2.2.1 1.1 Changed side impact zone definition T 2.3.1 1.1 Changed minimum area moment of inertia Figure 3 1.1 Changed front hoop bracing figure T 2.16.1 1.1 Changed side impact structure height Figure 6 1.1 Changed side impact structure figure T 2.20.3 1.1 Added test requirements Impact Attenuator (IA) assembly T 2.21 1.1 Changed wording T 3.2.1 1.1 Movement of the internal cross section allowed T 3.2.4 1.1 Changed wording for clarity Figure 9 1.1 Changed cockpit template figure T 3.6.1 1.1 Changed definition lowest point driver’s seat T 3.6.2 1.1 Changed the minimum heat shield thickness T 4.1 1.1 50 mm wide lap belts allowed for SFI 16.5 or FIA 8853/ T 7.3 1.1 Changed aerodynamic devices requirements Figure 13 1.1 Changed aerodynamics figure T 10.1.6 1.1 All low voltage batteries need a rigid casing T 10.3.1 1.1 Added indicators to system critical signals T 10.3.3 1.1 Visible inspection of indicators must be possible CV 2.5.3 1.1 Removed redundancy and added heat insulation requirements Figure 17 1.1 Changed fuel filler neck figure CV 2.6.4 1.1 Changed wording CV 4.2.2 1.1 Changed requirement for exciter coil EV 1.2.7 1.1 Added exception for AMS temperature measurement inputs EV 3.4.10 1.1 Removed redundant mounting position requirement EV 3.5.10 1.1 Bonding of accumulator container permitted EV 3.5.13 1.1 Relaxed requirements for fasteners within the accumulator container EV 3.5.18 1.1 Removed redundant parts of the rule EV 3.7.6 1.1 Brought in-line with IMD indicator; added indicator to SCS EV 4.1.3 1.1 Explicitly allowed BSPD to be inside the accumulator container EV 4.5.15 1.1 Exception for soldered connections EV 4.10.1 1.1 Removed redundancy EV 4.12.3 1.1 Specified type of relay EV 4.12.7 1.1 Discharge fusing is prohibited

Contents

Rule Version Change

EV 4.13.6 1.1 Added explicit TSAL roll-over protection requirement EV 4.13.7 1.1 TSAL visibility for new aero rules EV 4.13.8 1.1 Added TSAL to SCS EV 5.1.7 1.1 Clarification of BSPD error handling EV 5.4.6 1.1 Added indicator to SCS EV 5.5.1 1.1 Clarification about BSPD reset EV 6 1.1 Changed fusing requirements to more general overcurrent protection DV 1.4.7 1.1 Remote Emergency System (RES) antenna mounting DV 2.3 1.1 Reordered and clarified the some safety issues concerning usage of Tractive System Active Light (TSAL) and Autonomous System Status Indicator (ASSI) DV 3.2.5 1.1 Emergency Brake System (EBS) failure indicator light added DV 3.4.2 1.1 Clarification: No EBS trigger when in finished state DV 3.4.3 1.1 New EBS transition IN 6.1.1 1.1 Changed wording for clarification IN 6.3.3 1.1 Added acceleration distance IN 11.2.4 1.1 Added TSAL illumination check IN 11.2.5 1.1 Added ready-to-drive sound level check IN 12.1.1 1.1 Added trackdrive for Driverless Vehicle (DV) IN 12.1.2 1.1 Changed wording IN 12.2.3 1.1 Changed wording IN 12.2.8 1.1 Disassembly of data logger added D 7.8.9 1.1 Refer E 85 fuel volume to 98 RON fuel volume D 7.9.7 1.1 Corrected efficiency score formula D 9.1.3 1.1 No rerun for Down or Out (DOO)

Abbreviations

SE3D Structural Equivalency 3D Model

SES Structural Equivalency Spreadsheet

SESA SES Approval

TMD Team Member Designation

TPS Throttle Position Sensor

TSAL Tractive System Active Light TSMP Tractive System Measuring point TSMS Tractive System Master Switch USS Unsafe Stop VSV Vehicle Status Video

Formula Student Rules 2017

A ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS

A 1 COMPETITION OVERVIEW

A 1 Competition Overview

A 1.1.1 The competition challenges teams of university students to conceive, design, fabricate, develop and compete with small, formula style, race cars.

A 1.2 Competition Procedure

A 1.2.1 The competition is split into the following classes:

• Internal Combustion Engine Vehicle (CV)
• Electric Vehicle (EV)
• Driverless Vehicle (DV) (which are either CV or EV)

A 1.2.2 All vehicles must meet the requirements defined in the chapter T and dependent on their drivetrain either EV or CV.

A 1.2.3 Vehicles from the DV class in addition, must meet the requirements defined in chapter DV.

A 1.2.4 The competition starts with a series of technical inspections described in chapter IN to check the vehicle for safety and compliance with the rules.

A 1.2.5 The competition is divided into a series of static and dynamic events described in chapter S and D.

A 1.2.6 Maximum points are awarded as described in table 3.

A 1.2.7 The team with the most total points will win the competition for its class.

A 1.3 Competition Information

A 1.3.1 The competition specific rules and information are defined in the competition handbook.

A 1.3.2 The official language of the competition is English.

A 3 Rules of Conduct

A 2.3.3 For all rules that are not covered in A 2 .3.2, either the actual competition rules, or the rules from the first competition year of the vehicle are applied. The teams may make this choise themselves.

A 2.3.4 All documents (SES, IAD, ESF, etc.) that have been approved by the competition officials in the past are still valid. If modifications are made to the vehicle which are not covered by the original documents, updates of the affected documents must be submitted. In this case the same deadlines as for first year vehicles apply.

A 3 RULES OF CONDUCT

A 3.1 General Officials Authority

A 3.1.1 The officials reserve the right to revise the schedule of the competition and/or interpret or modify the competition rules at any time and in any manner that is, in their sole judgment, required for the safe and efficient operation.

A 3.1.2 All team members are required to cooperate with, and follow all instructions from the officials.

A 3.1.3 Official announcements shall be considered part of these rules.

A 3.1.4 All guidelines and clarifications posted in the “Rules and Important Documents” sections on the competition website for the current season including the competition handbook are considered part of these rules.

A 3.1.5 Questions concerning the meaning or intent of the rules will be resolved by the officials.

A 3.2 Official Instructions

A 3.2.1 Failure of a team member to follow an instruction or command directed specifically to that team or team member will result in a twenty-five point penalty.

A 3.3 Arguments with Officials

A 3.3.1 Argument with, or disobedience to, any official will result in the team being eliminated from the competition.

A 3.4 Unsportsmanlike Conduct

A 3.4.1 In the event of unsportsmanlike conduct, the team will receive a twenty-five point penalty. A second violation will result in expulsion of the team from the competition.

A 3.5 Violations of Intent

A 3.5.1 Violation of the intent of a rule will be considered a violation of the rule itself.

A 4 General Requirements for Teams & Participants

A 3.6 Questions about the Rules

A 3.6.1 Questions about the rules may be asked to the officials.

A 3.6.2 The frequently asked questions (FAQ) section on the competition website must be checked before submitting a question.

A 3.6.3 The officials will only answer questions that are not already answered in the rules or FAQs or that require new or novel interpretation.

A 3.6.4 Refer to the competition website for specific directions how to submit a rules question.

A 3.7 Protests

A 3.7.1 If a team has a question about scoring, judging, policies or any official action it must be brought to the officials’ attention for an informal preliminary review before a protest can be filed.

A 3.7.2 A team may protest any rule interpretation, score or official action which they feel has caused some actual, non-trivial, harm to their team, or has had a substantive effect on their score.

A 3.7.3 All protests must be filed in writing and presented to the officials by the team captain. In order to have a protest considered, a team must post a 25 point protest bond which will be forfeited if their protest is rejected.

A 3.7.4 Protests concerning any aspect of the competition must be filed within the protest period announced by the officials.

A 3.7.5 The decision of the officials regarding any protest will be in a written form and is final.

A 4 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR TEAMS & PARTICIPANTS

A 4.1 Teams per University

A 4.1.1 A university may register a CV team, an EV team and a DV team.

A 4.1.2 For the purposes of registering and competing, a university’s CV team, EV team and DV team are considered to be separate and independent entities.

A 4.1.3 Teams which are formed with members from two or more universities are treated as a single team.

A 4.2 Team Members

A 4.2.1 A team member may only be part of one team, work on one vehicle and take part in a static or dynamic event for only one team.

A 4.2.2 Each team must have one team member identified as the team captain. The team captain is the main contact person for the officials during the registration process and the competition.

A 5 Documentation & Deadlines

automotive vehicles. Details of the training must be provided to the officials on the Electrical System Officer Qualification (ESOQ) form.

A 4.9 [DV ONLY] Autonomous System Responsible (ASR)

A 4.9.1 Every participating team must appoint at least one ASR for the competition. This person is responsible for all autonomous operations of the vehicle during the competition which includes any kind of work on the autonomous system as well as racing and testing.

A 4.9.2 For driverless vehicles with an electric drivetrain the ASR must fulfill A 4.8.

A 4.9.3 The ASR is the only person in the team who is allowed to declare the autonomous system safe, so that work on any system of the vehicle may be performed by the team, or the vehicle may be operated in manual or autonomous mode.

A 4.9.4 The ASR must be a valid team member, which means that he/she must have student status, see A 4.3.

A 4.9.5 The ASR must accompany the vehicle whenever it is operated or moved around at the competition site.

A 4.9.6 If only one ASR is named by the team, this ASR may not be a driver.

A 4.9.7 The ASR must be properly qualified to handle the autonomous system and to understand & deal with problems and failures. A bachelor degree in computer science, electrical engineer- ing, mechatronics, automation engineering, robotics or similar is a sufficient qualification.

A 5 DOCUMENTATION & DEADLINES

A 5.1 Required Documents and Forms

A 5.1.1 The following documents and forms must be submitted by the action deadlines defined in the competition handbook.

A 5.1.2 Group A IAD, SE3D, SES, SESA, [EV ONLY] EAIR & ESF, [DV ONLY] AAIR & ASF

A 5.1.3 Group B BPES, CRD, DSS, EDR, [DV ONLY] ADR

A 5.1.4 Group C TMD, [CV ONLY] ETC & FTO, [EV ONLY] CCP & ESOQ, [DV ONLY] ASRQ

A 5.1.5 Group D VSV

A 5.2 Submission

A 5.2.1 Only the team captain and two deputies may upload and/or replace documents in the name of the team.

A 5 Documentation & Deadlines

A 5.2.2 Uploaded documents may only be viewed by members of the submitting team, authorized judges and officials.

A 5.2.3 By submitting documents via the competition website, the team agrees that it can be repro- duced and distributed by the officials, in both complete and edited versions, for educational purpose.

A 5.2.4 Documents that are largely incomplete will count as not submitted.

A 5.3 Late Submission or Non-Submission

A 5.3.1 Submissions later than the initial deadline will be penalized with ten points for group A and B for each overdue 24 hours. These will be deducted from the team’s total score up to a maximum of 70 points for each deadline independently.

A 5.3.2 Teams that submit documents that miss the initial deadlines of group A by more than 168 hours (7 days) will be de-registered from the competition.

A 5.3.3 Teams that submit documents that miss the initial deadlines of group B by more than 168 hours ( 7 days) will receive zero points for the related event. In that case, no additional penalty points are given.

A 5.4 Correction Requests

A 5.4.1 If the officials request a correction for a document of group A and the team has not uploaded a corrected version after 168 hours ( 7 days) following the request, it will be penalized with five points for each overdue 24 hours, up to a maximum of 35 points for each correction request independently. These points will be deducted from the team’s total score.

A 5.4.2 The team will be de-registered from the competition if it has not uploaded a corrected version of a document of group A after 336 hours (14 days) following the request.

A 5.4.3 Simultaneous requests for different parts within one document or form will be penalized independently of each other.

A 5.5 De-registration

A 5.5.1 A team which is de-registered from the competition has a single chance to apply for a placement on the waiting list.

A 5.5.2 To apply, the team must complete the following within 24 hours after the de-registration notification

• Submit an informal application to the officials
• Correct the reason of de-registration (e.g. upload of a document)

A 5.5.3 If the application is positively confirmed by the officials, the team will be

• Placed at the end of the waiting list
• Receive the full amount of penalties for the offense

A 6 General Rules

A 5.6.8 If a team receives a “fail” for its video after the VSV deadline, the team has 72 hours, beginning from the point of notification, to improve the video and upload it again for a new review. If the team fails the review again, the team will be de-registered from the competition. Rule A 5.5 does not apply in this case.

A 5.7 SES Approval (SESA)

A 5.7.1 All teams with a monocoque vehicle must submit a SESA as one document, in addition to the SES deadline. A template of SESA will be supplied on the competition website.

A 5.7.2 The Structural Equivalency Spreadsheet (SES) must be checked and approved by:

• University professor
• Validation/inspection organization (e.g. DEKRA, ...)
• Engineering firm for lightweight structures
• Engineering consultancy company
• Any other official competition

A 5.7.3 Once the SES has been approved by one of the listed institutions the SESA form should be filled out and signed by this institution and uploaded until the SESA deadline.

A 5.7.4 If any changes to the original SES have become necessary due to the approval process, the updated final SES must be uploaded again on the competition website.

A 5.7.5 The detailed changelog with all made changes from the “Version History” tab of the SES form must be attached to the SESA document and must also be signed by the SES reviewer.

A 5.7.6 The officials will randomly double check submitted SESA with their respective submitted SES.

A 6 GENERAL RULES

A 6.1 Removing the Vehicle from the Site

A 6.1.1 Teams who remove their vehicle ([EV ONLY] or tractive system accumulator) from the competition site after the competition has begun will be disqualified from the competition.

A 6.2 Forfeit for Non-Appearance

A 6.2.1 It is the responsibility of each team to be in the right place at the right time.

A 6.2.2 If a team is not present and ready to compete at the scheduled time, they forfeit their attempt at that event.

A 6.3 Team Briefings

A 6.3.1 All team captains and drivers on a particular day must attend the team briefing for that day.

A 6 General Rules

A 6.3.2 [DV ONLY] Drivers that want to operate a DV vehicle in manual mode on the test track are required to attend the team briefing as well.

A 6.3.3 [DV ONLY] All ASR are required to attend the onsite ASR meeting.

A 6.4 Testing and Work Safety

A 6.4.1 Competition organizers are not responsible for the use of the vehicles outside of their competition.

A 6.4.2 The competition officials dissociate themselves from all activities of the teams besides their own competition and associated events.

A 6.4.3 All teams are advised to follow common practices and common sense when working on the vehicle and when operating the vehicle, also before and after a competition.

A 6.4.4 The vehicles must not participate in events not suitable for this type of vehicles like hill climbs, drag races or similar.

A 6.4.5 Teams must never use their vehicles for wheel-to-wheel races.

A 6.4.6 The following listed requirements are considered the minimum of what should be met to qualify as a safe testing/running environment. This does not mean that following these guidelines guarantees safety under all circumstances:

• Driver wearing full protection gear incl. arm restraints
• Working TSAL, IMD, AMS, ASSI, RES, EBS, APPS/brake pedal plausibility check, APPS, and ETC plausibility check if applicable
• Rules compliant frame / monocoque and mounted impact attenuator
• No other passenger cars, trucks etc. being driven on the same premise at the same time, unless the area is clearly separated
• No running under low visibility conditions
• No running at speeds above typical event speeds
• No running in areas where crashing into obstacles at the height of the driver’s head is possible, such that parts of the vehicle may pass below an obstacle, but the driver’s head can be trapped between the obstacle and the main hoop for example.

A 6.4.7 Organizers reserve the right to disqualify a registered team of their competition in case of unsafe driving behavior, especially if the reputation of the competition, sponsors and other teams is compromised.

A 6.5 Onsite Working Safety

A 6.5.1 Everyone in the dynamic area and everybody working on the vehicle must wear appropriate, closed-toed shoes.

A 6.5.2 When using metal cutting equipment that produces metal swarf, eye protection is required for the operator as well as any team member assisting.

A 6.5.3 When operating loud tools, hearing protection is required.

A 6 General Rules

A 6.8 [CV ONLY] Engine Running

A 6.8.1 Running of engines is not allowed in the pits.

A 6.8.2 Engine running is allowed in the engine test area and in the dynamic area, when the following conditions are met:

• The vehicle must have passed mechanical inspection.
• The vehicle must be jacked up using the quick jack (see T 12.2.1).
• A driver, wearing required driver equipment (see T 12 .3.1), must be seated in the cockpit.
• A fire extinguisher must be immediately available.
• Driven wheels can only stay attached if they will not turn during engine running.
• No one is allowed under the vehicle whilst the engine is running.

A 6.9 Fueling and Oil

A 6.9.1 Fueling may only take place at the fuel station and must be conducted by officials only.

A 6.9.2 Open fuel containers are not permitted at the competition.

A 6.9.3 Waste oil must be taken to the fuel station for disposal.

Formula Student Rules 2017

T GENERAL TECHNICAL

REQUIREMENTS

T 1 GENERAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

T 11 Vehicle Identification

T 1.1.1 The vehicle must be designed and fabricated in accordance with good engineering practices.

T 1.1.2 The vehicle must be an open-wheeled single seat and open-cockpit (a formula style body) with four wheels that are not in a straight line.

T 1.1.3 Open wheel vehicles must satisfy (see also Figure 1):

(a) The wheels/tires must be unobstructed when viewed from the side. (b) No part of the vehicle may enter a keep-out-zone defined by two lines extending vertically from positions 75 mm in front of and 75 mm behind the outer diameter of the front and rear tires in the side view of the vehicle, with tires steered straight ahead. This keep-out zone will extend laterally from the outside plane of the wheel/tire to the inboard plane of the wheel/tire.

75 mm 75 mm 75 mm 75 mm

No Parts allowed in this Area View on this Surface must be unobstructed

Figure 1: Keep-out-zones for the definition of an open-wheeled vehicle.