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A concise overview of the cell cycle, including mitosis, interphase, and cytokinesis. it presents key concepts such as chromosomes, chromatids, and the roles of various cellular structures. Particularly useful for students learning about cell biology, as it includes questions and answers to reinforce understanding of the material. it's suitable for high school and university students studying biology or related fields.
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Cell Cycle ✔✔An ordered sequence of events in the life of a cell
Mitosis ✔✔A process of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells conventionally divided into five stages: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Mitosis conserves chromosome number by allocating replicated chromosomes equally to each of the daughter nuclei.
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase ✔✔What are the 4 stages of mitosis?
Prophase ✔✔The first stage of mitosis, chromosomes become visible when stained a viewed under a microscope; Miotic spindle begins to form
Metaphase ✔✔The 2nd stage of mitosis, in which the spindle is complete and the chromosomes, attached to microtubules at their kinetochores, are all aligned at the metaphase plate.
Anaphase ✔✔The 3rd stage of mitosis, in which the chromatids of each chromosome have separated and the daughter chromosomes are moving to the poles of the cell.
Telophase ✔✔The 4th and final stage of mitosis, in which daughter nuclei are forming and cytokinesis has typically begun.
Cytokinesis ✔✔The division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells immediately after mitosis, meiosis I, or meiosis II.
Cell Division ✔✔Process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells
Chromosomes ✔✔A cellular structure carrying genetic material, found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Each chromosome consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins
Chromatin ✔✔DNA and protein that makes up chromosomes
G1 Phase ✔✔The first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins.
S Phase ✔✔The synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA is replicated.
G2 Phase ✔✔The second gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA synthesis occurs.
Centrosome ✔✔A structure present in the cytoplasm of animal cells that functions as a microtubule-organizing center and is important during cell division. A centrosome has two centrioles.
Cell Plate ✔✔In a plant cell, midline of dividing cells. Becomes the cell wall eventually.
G0 ✔✔A nondividing state occupied by cells that have left the cell cycle, sometimes reversibly.
Cyclin ✔✔A cellular protein that occurs in a cyclically fluctuating concentration and that plays an important role in regulating the cell cycle.
Cancer ✔✔A disease in which some body cells grow and divide uncontrollably, damaging the parts of the body around them.
Apoptosis ✔✔Programmed cell death
Spindle ✔✔Fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes during mitosis
Centrioles ✔✔Are located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division.