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A detailed overview of the cell cycle, including its various stages (interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis), key components (chromosomes, chromatids, centrioles, spindle fibers), and regulatory mechanisms (cyclins and checkpoints). it also explores the significance of mitosis, the consequences of uncontrolled cell division (cancer), and the process of programmed cell death (apoptosis). The resource is valuable for students learning about cell biology and genetics.
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cytokinesis ✔✔Complete cytoplasmic separation of the 2 new cells resulting from mitosis.
mitosis ✔✔The process of NUCLEAR division
interphase ✔✔Period of time where a cell carries out cell processes and replicates DNA prior to cell division
prophase ✔✔Chromatin condenses into chromosomes
metaphase ✔✔Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
anaphase ✔✔Sister chromatids separate
telophase ✔✔new nuclei begin to reform, chromatids relax
chromatid ✔✔Each half of the chromosome
chromosome ✔✔condensed chromatin; contains DNA that carries genetic information
centromere ✔✔attachment site of sister chromatids
cell cycle ✔✔An ordered sequence of events in the life of a eukaryotic cell; process of growth and division.
G1 phase ✔✔interphase stage of cell cycle where cell grows and carries out metabolic processes
G2 phase ✔✔interphase stage prepares to divide by copying organelles and producing proteins necessary for division
S phase ✔✔interphase stage of cell cycle where cell replicates DNA
stage of the cell cycle where the nucleus divides ✔✔mitosis
Prophase diagram ✔✔Identify the stage using the diagram.
Metaphase diagram ✔✔Identify the stage using the diagram.
Anaphase diagram ✔✔Identify the stage using the diagram.
Telophase diagram ✔✔Identify the stage using the diagram.
Cytokinesis diagram ✔✔Identify the stage using the diagram.
Centriole ✔✔organelle of animal cell that aids in cell division
Spindle fiber ✔✔microtubule threads that emerge from centrioles, attach to chromosomes to pull them apart during mitosis
reasons for mitosis ✔✔divides cells that are too large, replaces damaged/dying cells, allows for growth
Cleavage furrow ✔✔a pinching of the cell membrane that begins to form in telophase
cell plate ✔✔method of plant cell division; formation of a new cell wall instead of cleavage furrow
Cyclins and Checkpoints ✔✔Regulation system for the cell cycle
Cyclins ✔✔Signal each stage of the cell cycle to begin
Carcinogens ✔✔cancer causing factors (tobacco, chemicals, UV radiation)
steps of mitosis ✔✔PMAT
steps of interphase ✔✔G1, S, G
apoptosis ✔✔programmed cell death
end product of the cell cycle ✔✔2 identical daughter cells