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Test I with Answer Key - General Psychology | PSY A111, Exams of Psychology

University of Alaska AnchoragePsychology
Prof. Maria F. Ippolito

Material Type: Exam; Professor: Ippolito; Class: General Psychology; Subject: Psychology ; University: University of Alaska - Anchorage; Term: Spring 2011;

Typology: Exams

2010/2011

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EXAM 1: General Psychology - PSY A111
Instructor: Mari Ippolito / Spring, 2011
KEY
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Print your name on the line provided above.
2. Print your name on the answer sheet AND fill in the circles corresponding
to the letters of your name.
3. Fill in the circles on the answer sheet for your I.D. number.
4. Fill in the circles on the answer sheet for the answers you select.
5. Once you have completed the test, hand in both the test AND the answer
sheet.
1. After reading about the possible causes of schizophrenia, a scientist thinks that a virus is the
most likely cause. What term most accurately describes the scientist's idea?
a. hypothesis
b. dependent variable
c. extraneous variable
d. experimental estimate
2. A researcher is investigating the effects of exercise on weight. What are the independent and
dependent variables in this experiment?
a. The dependent variable is weight; the independent variable is exercise.
b. The independent variable is calories consumed; the dependent variable is diet.
c. The independent variable is weight; the dependent variable is calories consumed.
d. The dependent variable is amount of exercise; the independent variable is calories consumed.
3. One purpose of the ________ is to speed up the neural message traveling down the axon.
a. receptor site
b. axon terminal
c. myelin
d. synaptic vesicle
4. Jane Goodall's research with chimpanzees and gorillas can best be described as ________.
a. experimentation
b. a case study
c. naturalistic observation
d. participant observation
5. Mary suffered a head injury in a car accident last week. Since that time she is able to speak
fluently but uses the wrong words when expressing herself. Mary may be exhibiting
_
_______ aphasia.
a. Broca's
b. Gall's
c. Wernicke's
d. Korsakoff's
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Partial preview of the text

Download Test I with Answer Key - General Psychology | PSY A111 and more Exams Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!

EXAM 1: General Psychology - PSY A Instructor: Mari Ippolito / Spring, 2011

KEY

INSTRUCTIONS:

**1. Print your name on the line provided above.

  1. Print your name on the answer sheet AND fill in the circles corresponding** **to the letters of your name.
  2. Fill in the circles on the answer sheet for your I.D. number.
  3. Fill in the circles on the answer sheet for the answers you select.
  4. Once you have completed the test, hand in both the test AND the answer** sheet.
  5. After reading about the possible causes of schizophrenia, a scientist thinks that a virus is the most likely cause. What term most accurately describes the scientist's idea? a. hypothesis b. dependent variable c. extraneous variable d. experimental estimate
  6. A researcher is investigating the effects of exercise on weight. What are the independent and dependent variables in this experiment? a. The dependent variable is weight; the independent variable is exercise. b. The independent variable is calories consumed; the dependent variable is diet. c. The independent variable is weight; the dependent variable is calories consumed. d. The dependent variable is amount of exercise; the independent variable is calories consumed.
  7. One purpose of the ________ is to speed up the neural message traveling down the axon. a. receptor site b. axon terminal c. myelin d. synaptic vesicle
  8. Jane Goodall's research with chimpanzees and gorillas can best be described as ________. a. experimentation b. a case study c. naturalistic observation d. participant observation
  9. Mary suffered a head injury in a car accident last week. Since that time she is able to speak fluently but uses the wrong words when expressing herself. Mary may be exhibiting ________ aphasia. a. Broca's b. Gall's c. Wernicke's d. Korsakoff's
  1. A psychologist evaluated Tameka, an eight-year-old child who has experienced difficulty in school. The psychologist sent questionnaires to 100 teachers to determine if they had ever seen similar cases. Based on the teachers' responses, the psychologist hypothesized that a particular diet might cause the learning problem. Following her tabulation of the responses, she designed a study that would tell her if diet were the actual cause. Which of the following lists, in order from first to last, the research methods this psychologist used? a. experiment, case study, survey b. case study, survey, experiment c. correlation, case study, experiment d. naturalistic observation, survey, experiment
  2. Robert's mother is usually meticulous in her presentation. When picking her up for a family dinner, he noticed that her make-up was only applied to the right side of her face. Her hair was also brushed on the right side, but on the left it was matted and uncombed. He immediately took her to the hospital after she was unaware of any problems. She was diagnosed with ________ which is evidenced by damage to the association areas of the right hemisphere. a. Wernicke's aphasia b. Broca's aphasia c. spatial neglect d. split-brain
  3. The fluid-filled space between the synaptic knob of one cell and the dendrites of the next cell is called the ________. a. receptor site b. synapse c. synaptic knob d. axon terminal
  4. Which of the following terms do NOT belong together? a. structuralism; observable behavior b. Gestalt; whole c. psychoanalysis; unconscious conflict d. natural selection; functionalism
  5. The work of Freud was built around ________. a. a theory of personality that emphasizes the awareness of one's own cognitive processes b. a theory of personality that emphasizes unconscious motives and conflicts c. a method of psychotherapy in which an observer carefully records and interprets behavior without interfering with the behavior d. a method of psychotherapy that emphasizes how maladaptive behaviors are learned through imitations of others and through cognitive expectations
  6. Malcolm is studying alone in his room late at night when he hears a loud noise downstairs. His heartbeat increases significantly and his breathing becomes shallow. He wonders if a burglar has entered the house and decides to investigate. When he gets downstairs he discovers his cat has knocked over a plant stand. His body begins to relax and return to normal. Which part of his nervous system is responsible for returning Malcolm to a normal state? a. spinal cord b. somatic nervous system c. sympathetic nervous system d. parasympathetic nervous system
  1. Eating, drinking, sexual behavior, sleeping, and temperature control are most strongly influenced by the ________. a. Hippocampus b. thalamus c. hypothalamus d. amygdala
  2. Which type of early psychologist believed that "the whole is more than the sum of its parts"? a. gestaltist b. behaviorist c. structuralist d. functionalist
  3. Warren is having trouble deciding what he wants to eat for breakfast. Which lobe of his brain is especially active as he makes his selection? a. temporal b. parietal c. frontal d. occipital
  4. The goals of psychology are to ________. a. explore the conscious and unconscious functions of the human mind b. understand, compare, and analyze human behavior c. improve psychological well-being in all individuals from birth until death d. describe, explain, predict, and control behavior
  5. The question "How can it be changed?" refers to which of the following goals in psychology? a. description b. explanation c. prediction d. control
  6. ________ receive messages from other neurons and ________ send messages to other neurons. a. Axons; dendrites b. Axon; soma c. Soma; glial cells d. Dendrites; axons
  7. A correlation coefficient represents two things: ________ and ________. a. a representative sample; strength b. strength; direction of the relationship c. the experimental group; control group d. direction of the relationship; expectant functionality
  8. What part of the brain acts as a relay station for incoming sensory information? a. hypothalamus b. thalamus c. cerebellum d. pituitary gland
  1. The first step in any scientific investigation is ________. a. forming the hypothesis b. perceiving the question c. coming to a conclusion d. developing an argument
  2. The ________ instantly assesses anger or threat. a. amygdala b. medulla c. fornix d. parietal lobe
  3. What are two roles of glial cells? a. acting as insulation and providing structure to surrounding neurons b. shaping cells and moving new neurons into place c. regulating metabolic activity and serving as pain detectors d. monitoring neural transmission and releasing hormones in the brain
  4. The term neurotransmitter refers to ________. a. a chemical found in the synaptic vesicles that is released into the synapse b. any one of a number of chemical compounds that increase the activity of the endocrine system c. the chemical substance found in the cell membrane d. the DNA contained in the nucleus of every neuron
  5. Dr. Mosher is a psychologist who tries to understand how people select their mates. She must be a(n) ________. a. behavioral psychologist b. cognitive psychologist c. evolutionary psychologist d. biopsychological psychologist
  6. What is one similarity shared by clinical psychologists and psychiatrists? a. They obtain the same graduate degree. b. They have the same training experiences after college. c. They view abnormal behaviors as arising from the same causes. d. They diagnose and treat people experiencing behavioral and emotional problems.
  7. Dr. Braunz has been treating a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. She decides to write a prescription for Ritalin. Given this information, it is most likely that Dr. Braunz is a ________. a. psychiatrist b. psychoanalyst c. humanistic psychologist d. school psychologist
  8. Jerry loves the smell of the grass after it rains. This is a result of his ________ which have received signals from neurons in his sinus cavity. a. thalamus b. olfactory bulbs c. opticfactory Bulbs d. hippocampus
  1. The ________, located on the top of the kidneys, secrete(s) hormones that regulate salt intake, control stress reactions, and provide a secondary source of sex hormones affecting the sexual changes that occur during adolescence. a. adrenal glands b. thymus gland c. thyroid gland d. gonads
  2. Which of the following is the upper part of the brain consisting of two cerebral hemispheres and the structures that connect them? a. occipital lobe b. cerebrum c. corpus callosum d. cerebellum
  3. In the definition of psychology, the term mental processes refers to ________. a. internal, covert processes b. outward behavior c. overt actions and reactions d. only animal behavior
  4. Marta was in an automobile accident and suffered an injury to her brain resulting in paralysis of her left arm. What part of Marta's brain was injured? a. auditory association area b. motor cortex c. association areas d. somatosensory cortex
  5. A teacher tells the school psychologist that Kate is late to class, does not turn in her homework, squirms around a lot in her seat, and swings her feet constantly. This is an example of which goal of psychology? a. describing behavior b. explaining behavior c. predicting behavior d. controlling behavior
  6. Professor Beverly approaches questions about human behavior from a perspective that emphasizes bodily events and chemicals, such as hormones, associated with behavior. It is most likely that she accepts which of the following psychological approaches? a. biopsychological b. learning c. cognitive d. sociocultural
  7. As she walks out of the living room, Gloriann turns out the light. In this example, Gloriann's ________ is active. a. sympathetic nervous system b. parasympathetic nervous system c. autonomic nervous system d. somatic nervous system
  1. Tracey has been unable to participate in her gymnastics class and is very uncoordinated since she was involved in an accident where she suffered a head injury. As a result of the accident, she was likely to have suffered damage to her ________. a. cerebellum b. medulla c. cerebral cortext d. hypothalamus
  2. An auto accident rendered Chris's nervous system unable to send messages for him to breathe, so he is on a respirator. Which brain structure was damaged in the accident? a. pons b. medulla c. cerebellum d. reticular formation
  3. ________ are holes in the surface of the dendrites or certain cells of the muscles and glands that are shaped to fit only certain neurotransmitters. a. Neurotransmitters b. Axons c. Synaptic vesicles d. Receptor sites
  4. Which type of psychologist would be most likely to argue that a criminal engages in unlawful behavior because he grew up around older boys who engaged in criminal activities? a. Gestaltist b. behavioralist c. psychodynamic d. functionalist
  5. Jack suffered a brain injury as a result of hitting his head while waterskiing. One of the problems that developed was that Jack could not pronounce certain words correctly for a long period of time until he had extensive speech therapy and can now speak as he did before his accident. This is an example of the brain's ________ which allowed the structure and function of his brain cells to change to adjust to the trauma. a. adaptology b. stagnation c. neuroplasticity d. reflex arc
  6. Mei was sent to the school psychologist to be tested. Based on her IQ scores it was decided that she would do well in the gifted child program. This is an example of which goal of psychology? a. describing behavior b. explaining behavior c. predicting behavior d. controlling behavior
  7. Which of the following are tiny sacs in a synaptic knob that release chemicals into the synapse? a. synaptic vesicles b. synaptic nodes c. terminal buttons d. synaptic gaps
  1. Which of the following regions contains the auditory cortex? a. temporal lobes b. parietal lobes c. frontal lobes d. occipital lobes

OPTIONAL EXTRA CREDIT :

  1. Darla was in an automobile accident that resulted in an injury to her brain. Her sense of touch has been affected. Which part of the brain is the most likely site of the damage? a. frontal lobes b. temporal lobes c. occipital lobes d. parietal lobes
  2. All of the following are accurate statements regarding random assignment EXCEPT ________. a. it is a procedure for assigning people to experimental and control groups b. it is a procedure in which each subject has the same possibility of being assigned to a given group c. it is a procedure in which subjects are assigned to a positive correlation or a negative correlation condition d. it is a procedure that allows individual characteristics to be roughly balanced between groups

Test Name: GENExam1Sp

  1. a. hypothesis Feedback: A hypothesis is an "educated guess" based on solid information. Experimental estimate is not a valid term used in science.
  2. a. The dependent variable is weight; the independent variable is exercise. Feedback: The exercise is controlled by the experimenter and is, therefore, independent of anything the participants do, whereas the participants' weight is expected to be dependent on the amount of exercise. The exercise is controlled by the experimenter and is, therefore, the independent variable.
  3. c. myelin Feedback: The axon terminal does not speed up the neural impulse. Myelin speeds up the neural impulse.
  4. c. naturalistic observation Feedback: She observed the animals in their natural environment without interference. Jane Goodall never was a participant in the groups she observed.
  5. c. Wernicke's Feedback: Someone with Broca's aphasia has halting speech and mispronounces words but does not use the wrong words. Someone with Wernicke's aphasia often uses the wrong words.
  6. b. case study, survey, experiment Feedback: First she evaluated Tameka (case study), then sent questionnaires (survey), and then designed a study to test a hypothesis (experiment). First she evaluated Tameka (case study), then sent questionnaires (survey), and then designed a study to test a hypothesis (experiment).
  7. c. spatial neglect Feedback: If her speech was affected this could be the possible cause. This would be the cause of her attention to the right side of her body and neglecting the left.
  8. b. synapse Feedback: Molecules that float across the synapse fit themselves into receptor sites, thus activating the next cell. The synapse is the space between the axon of a sending neuron and the dendrites of a receiving neuron.
  9. a. structuralism; observable behavior Feedback: Structuralism focuses on introspection, which is not observable. These terms do belong together.
  1. a. Gestaltist Feedback: The Gestaltists studied the perception of wholes. Structuralists focused on the elements of consciousness.
  2. c. frontal Feedback: This part of the brain is responsible for the sense of hearing and meaningful speech. The frontal lobes are responsible for decision-making skills.
  3. d. describe, explain, predict, and control behavior Feedback: Human behavior is only one part of psychology. These adequately help uncover the mysteries of behavior.
  4. d. control Feedback: Prediction does not cause change. Control modifies behavior.
  5. d. Dendrites; axons Feedback: Axons send messages, and dendrites receive messages. Dendrites receive messages, and axons send messages to other cells.
  6. b. strength; direction of the relationship Feedback: These are the two concepts that a correlation coefficient represents. Direction of the relationship is accurate but expectant functionality is a made-up term.
  7. b. thalamus Feedback: The hypothalamus regulates sleep, hunger, thirst, and sex. The thalamus acts as a relay station.
  8. b. perceiving the question Feedback: This step follows the development of a question to test. This is the first step in any scientific investigation.
  9. a. amygdala Feedback: The amygdala is responsible for fear responses and memory of fear. The fornix is not involved in fear responses.
  10. a. acting as insulation and providing structure to surrounding neurons Feedback: This answer defines two roles of glial cells. Glial cells provide structure and insulation to neurons.
  11. a. a chemical found in the synaptic vesicles that is released into the synapse Feedback: Neurotransmitters are chemicals. The neurotransmitter is found in the synaptic vesicle.
  1. c. evolutionary psychologist Feedback: Evolutionary psychologists look at how human mate selection evolved. Mate preference is an evolutionary issue.
  2. d. They diagnose and treat people experiencing behavioral and emotional problems. Feedback: There are many different approaches to both specialties. Clinical psychologists and psychiatrists both diagnose and treat problems.
  3. a. psychiatrist Feedback: Psychiatrists are medical doctors and can write prescriptions. This type of psychologist would never write a prescription for Ritalin.
  4. b. olfactory bulbs Feedback: This is the part of the brain that is related to the sense of smell. The correct answer is the olfactory bulbs.
  5. b. observer effects Feedback: Roger's equipment and crew would have made all the people very aware that they were being observed, thus affecting their behavior. Roger was not participating in the eating behavior.
  6. d. pituitary Feedback: The thyroid gland does not control other endocrine glands. The pituitary gland controls all other endocrine glands.
  7. a. primary visual cortex Feedback: The occipital lobes contain the primary visual cortex. The parietal lobes contain the somatosensory cortex.
  8. c. the precise meaning of a term used to describe a variable, such as a type of behavior, that researchers want to measure Feedback: Operational definitions are not assumptions. Preciseness is essential for the scientific method.
  9. d. resting potential Feedback: Action potential is the state a neuron is in when firing. Resting potential is the state a neuron is in when a cell is not firing a neural impulse.
  10. b. The scientific method or d. Feedback: The scientific method systematically controls variables reducing bias and error. This is a method for reducing bias but is not involved in measuring data.
  1. d. Receptor sites Feedback: Neurotransmitters are stored in the synaptic vesicle. Molecules that float across the synapse fit themselves into receptor sites like keys fitting into a lock, thus activating the next cell.
  2. b. behavioralist Feedback: This theory focused on learned behavior. This theory focused on unconscious influences.
  3. c. neuroplasticity Feedback: This allowed Jack's brain to adapt after the trauma. Neuroplasticity accounts for Jack's brain to allow him to speak correctly despite damage.
  4. c. predicting behavior Feedback: Explaining focuses on why it is happening. Mei's score served as a predictor ("would do well") of performance.
  5. a. synaptic vesicles Feedback: Synaptic vesicles are structures within the synaptic knobs. Terminal buttons are the same as synaptic knobs.
  6. c. Some authorities should not be questioned. Feedback: This is an important criterion for critical thinking.. It is not true that some authorities should not be questioned; evidence is more important than expertise.
  7. b. occipital lobe Feedback: This part of the brain is in the back of the head and controls vision. This is not correct as the occipital lobe controls vision.
  8. b. the gonads Feedback: Gonads are sex glands. Cortisol is a hormone that is released when the body experiences stress.
  9. c. the science of behavior and mental processes Feedback: The definition of psychology includes both behavior and mental processes and doesn't exclude animals. The definition of psychology includes also animal behavior and mental processes.
  10. a. all the nerve cells that are not in the brain and spinal cord Feedback: The peripheral nervous system consists of all the nerve cells that are not in the brain and spinal cord. The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.
  1. b. sociocultural Feedback: This approach focuses on social environment. This approach focuses on individual thought processes, not groups of people.
  2. b. humanism Feedback: This perspective does not suggest free will or human nature. This perspective suggests people have many choices.
  3. (^) b. A correlation of +.89 and .89 are both strong and equally so.

Feedback: Both +.89 and —.89 are equally strong since they are the same distance from 0. Both +.89 and —.89 are the same distance from 0.

  1. a. temporal lobes Feedback: The temporal lobes contain the auditory cortex. The parietal lobes contain the somatosensory cortex but not the auditory cortex.
  2. d. parietal lobes Feedback: The temporal lobes are responsible for the sense of hearing and meaningful speech, not touch. The parietal lobes contain the centers for touch, taste, and temperature.
  3. c. it is a procedure in which subjects are assigned to a positive correlation or a negative correlation condition Feedback: Subjects can never be assigned to a type of correlation. Random assignment does allow individual characteristics to be roughly balanced between groups.