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Test Bank For
Introduction to Radiologic Technology, 9th Edition 2025 William J. Callaway
Chapter 1-
Chapter 01: Radiography Education: From Classroom to Clinic
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The key individual in the healthcare setting is:
a. the doctor
b. the radiologist
c. the chief technologist
d. the patient
ANS: D
2. The responsibility of the Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology
(JRCERT) is to:
a. review and accredit educational programs in radiologic technology
b. evaluate curricula for programs in radiologic technology
c. develop guidelines for clinical education
d. develop radiation safety policy
ANS: A
3. The accreditation of a radiologic technology program ensures:
a. acceptance by the ARRT
b. funding by the college or hospital
c. that all students will pass the national board examination
d. all of the above
ANS: A
4. The JRCERT accreditation is:
a. a non-governmental process
b. mandatory for radiologic technology programs
c. a requirement for therapy programs
d. sponsored by ARRT
ANS: A
5. The course of study of normal anatomy and function of the body is:
a. radiographic anatomy
b. human structure and function
c. structure and sequel of pathology
d. normal radiographic procedures
ANS: B
6. The student/patient relationship is mainly taught in:
a. medical ethics
b. radiographic procedures
c. patient care methods
d. patient radiation protection
ANS: C
7. The clinical education will include:
a. medical ethics and law
b. radiographic procedures
c. radiation protection
d. all of the above
ANS: D
8. Students begin clinical education as:
a. an adjunct radiography volunteer
b. a passive radiography participant
c. a part-time hospital employee
d. an adjunct radiography employee
ANS: B
9. The language of medicine teaches the student how to:
a. interact with other medical employees
b. communicate with patients of different backgrounds
c. understand anatomic and medical terms
d. address the medical hierarchy properly
ANS: C
10. Radiation protection teaches the student:
a. how to protect the patient
b. how to protect the student
c. how to protect the other health workers
d. all of the above
ANS: D
11. The clinical practice involves cognitive learning, which is a function of:
a. relative facts and information
b. attitudes and feelings
c. values and beliefs
d. applying knowledge
ANS: A
12. Student independent clinical performance phase begins when:
a. students perform radiographic procedures alone
b. students perform radiographic procedures as an employee
c. students perform radiographic procedures with indirect supervision
d. students request the opportunity to act independently
ANS: C
7. The difference between the speed of a speaker’s presentation and your ability to listen
provides the opportunity for:
a. daydreaming
b. texting
c. comparing notes with a classmate
d. reading the chapter in the text
ANS: A
8. The type of memory required for success as a radiography student is:
a. short-term
b. distant
c. long-term
d. fleeting
ANS: C
9. Optimizing memory can be achieved through:
a. adequate sleep
b. proper nutrition
c. organized reading and study
d. all of the above
ANS: D
10. Emotionality is:
a. placing others’ feelings first
b. the quality or state of a sound emotional balance
c. the same as empathy
d. part of Maslow’s hierarchy
ANS: B
11. Critical thinking implies:
a. making a choice agreeable to the group
b. weighing all aspects of the situation
c. making a decision according to current norms
d. relying on surveys and graphs
ANS: B
12. Analytical thinking means:
a. obtaining a consensus among the group
b. being open to the concerns of others
c. gathering opinions from the group
d. gathering evidence of the situation
ANS: D
13. Critical thinking is on basis of:
a. background beliefs
b. a set of universal values
c. self-awareness
d. respect for others
ANS: B
14. The first step in becoming a critical thinker is having:
a. your opinion conform with the group
b. a humble approach in weighing the evidence
c. charts and graphs to analyze
d. at least three articles on the subject
ANS: B
15. Maintaining the status quo is:
a. always harmful
b. always helpful
c. comfortable
d. always the consensus of the group
ANS: C
16. Critical thinking may be hindered by:
a. background beliefs
b. emotional baggage
c. deeply ingrained group loyalty
d. all of the above
ANS: D
17. Group loyalty is:
a. often good
b. often harmful
c. often rewarded
d. all of the above
ANS: D
18. Emotions are most likely to run high in discussing:
a. religion and gun control
b. best movie of the year
c. most popular pop singer
d. most efficient study method
ANS: A
19. An unbiased solution is most likely obtained by:
a. an attitude of humility and respect
b. disregarding multiple and conflicting opinions
c. a straightforward decision with confidence
d. a group consensus
ANS: A
20. Characteristics of a critical thinker are:
ANS: A
6. By the year 2025, half of all older Americans will be over what age?
a. 75 years
b. 85 years
c. 90 years
d. 100 years
ANS: A
7. The United States spends more than what amount on healthcare services annually?
a. $1,000,000,
b. $1,000,000,000,
c. $1,000,
d. $1,000,000,000,000,
ANS: B
8. More than what percentage of the gross domestic product (GDP) of the United States is
spent on healthcare services?
a. 5%
b. 10%
c. 15%
d. 25%
ANS: C
9. Sedentary lifestyle, not using seat belts, smoking, alcohol use, and diet play a direct role in
what percentage of the leading causes of death?
a. More than 10%
b. More than 25%
c. More than 50%
d. More than 70%
ANS: D
10. Approximately, 33% of the average American’s lifetime health spending occurs when?
a. During the final year of life
b. During the first year of life
c. During a chronic illness
d. As a result of a trauma
ANS: A
Chapter 04: Radiology: A Historic Perspective
Callaway: Introduction to Radiologic Science, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered X-ray by:
a. inventing a high-voltage generator
b. developing a high-voltage generator
c. observing an X-ray produced with high voltage
d. observing light emitted from a chemical compound
ANS: D
2. Thomas Edison contributed greatly to radiology by:
a. developing the valve tube
b. discovering the use of calcium tungstate
c. discovering radioactivity
d. discovering radium
ANS: B
3. The scientist Michael Faraday is noted for:
a. inventing the vacuum tube
b. experiments in electromagnetic induction
c. development of the cathode ray tube
d. experiments with X-rays
ANS: B
4. Roentgen discovered X-rays in:
a. 1898
b. 1895
c. 1905
d. 1910
ANS: B
5. When discovered X-ray use in medicine was:
a. late in being accepted
b. rejected by physicians and dentists
c. immediately used in diagnosis and therapy
d. administered according to strict radiation guidelines
ANS: C
6. William Goodspeed is noted for:
a. assisting Roentgen in his discovery
b. producing the first radiograph
c. developing image recording film
d. producing a film with a silver bromide emulsion
ANS: B
7. In the early days of X-ray usage:
a. abuses were rampant
b. circuses used X-rays for entertainment
c. stores fitted shoes by X-ray shadows
d. all of the above
ANS: D
4. When presented with information that indicates possible child abuse, the radiographer
should:
a. begin asking the patient questions
b. know state law governing requirements for reporting child abuse
c. remain silent
d. report the situation to the hospital attorney
ANS: B
5. A way to gain an adolescent’s cooperation is to:
a. take an adult approach
b. treat them as a friend
c. try to talk and behave like them
d. play their music to put them at ease
ANS: A
6. Part of the fear of life-threatening disease for young adults is:
a. they may have dependents
b. they don’t believe someone so young can be so ill
c. their illness may cause financial concerns
d. all of the above
ANS: D
7. The fastest growing age group is:
a. newborns
b. ages under 25 years
c. mid-life individuals
d. ages over 85 years
ANS: D
8. The primary duty of a radiographer when caring for someone from a different culture is:
a. respect
b. attempting to communicate in the patient’s language
c. learning universal sign language
d. calling someone to translate
ANS: A
9. When presented with information that indicates possible elder abuse, the radiographer
should:
a. begin asking the patient questions
b. know state law governing requirements for reporting elder abuse
c. remain silent
d. report the situation to the hospital attorney
ANS: B
10. Of patients over the age of 85, 70% are:
a. diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease
b. men
c. women
d. institutionalized
ANS: C
11. A request for a radiographic examination must be initiated by:
a. head nurse or nurse assistant
b. radiologic technology administrator
c. physician or a designate
d. hospital administrator or his or her designate
ANS: C
12. Legally radiologic service can be given for the following reasons except:
a. diagnosing disease
b. treating disease
c. localizing pathology
d. avoiding lawsuits
ANS: D
13. Chest and heart sounds are monitored by an instrument called a/an:
a. sphygmomanometer
b. electrocardiograph electrode
c. stethoscope
d. none of the above
ANS: C
14. A radiographic examination may be canceled by the:
a. chief technologist
b. hospital administrator
c. patient
d. hospital attorney
ANS: A
15. When lifting patients, the body should be stabilized by:
a. boarding the base support
b. leaning slightly backward
c. bending from the waist
d. standing 20% from the gravity line
ANS: A
16. Viruses and microorganisms that cause disease are called:
a. contagions
b. pathogens
c. microbes
d. all of the above
ANS: D
ANS: B
4. How should patients over the legal age be greeted?
a. Using their first name
b. Using just their last name
c. Using their last name with an appropriate title (e.g., Mr., Ms.)
d. With endearing titles such as “dear” and “honey”
ANS: C
5. Who evaluates the quality of care you deliver?
a. The Joint Commission (TJC)
b. The patient
c. The imaging department manager
d. The hospital risk manager
ANS: B
6. Conflict resolution should always begin with:
a. listening and empathizing
b. listening and preparing your defense
c. empathizing and apologizing
d. an apology
ANS: A
7. When dealing with inside and outside customers by telephone, what can you do to make
your voice more pleasant?
a. Chew gum to keep your mouth fresh
b. Smile
c. Try to imagine what the caller looks like
d. Remember why you are there
ANS: B
8. Your patients come from a diverse pool of cultures with more than the following number
of residents from planet Earth:
a. 6 million
b. 100 million
c. 1 billion
d. 6 billion
ANS: D
9. What organization stipulates standards for patient care and interactions in accredited
healthcare institutions?
a. Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology
b. American Registry of Radiologic Technologists
c. The Joint Commission
d. American Society of Radiologic Technologists
ANS: C
TRUE/FALSE
1. When interacting with a patient from another culture, we should assume the patient wants
to be treated in the same manner as we do.
ANS: F
Chapter 07: The Language of Medicine
Callaway: Introduction to Radiologic Science, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. “CXR R/O COPD, HX MI” means which of the following?
a. Computed X-ray ruling out a cough or other pulmonary diseases, has muscular
weakness issues
b. Chest X-ray to rule out chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, history of
myocardial infarction
c. Computed radiography examination to rule out constant or part-time dyspnea,
history of heart attack
d. This series of letters does not mean anything medically significant
ANS: B
2. The law and guidelines governing the confidentiality of patient information is contained in
the act that covers the portability of health insurance. This is abbreviated as represented by
which of the following?
a. HHS
b. HIV/ARC
c. HIPAA
d. Hx
ANS: C
3. Medications that may be purchased without a prescription are referred to by which of the
following?
a. OTC
b. prn
c. STAT
d. npo
ANS: A
4. The smallest part of a digital image matrix is referred to by which of the following?
a. Voxel
b. Pixel
c. PACS
d. CR
ANS: B
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The two active components of an X-ray tube are:
a. a positive cathode and a negative anode
b. a negative cathode and a positive anode
c. the X-ray tube housing and the collimator
d. the spinning target and a vacuum
ANS: B
2. The energy conversion that occurs inside the X-ray tube results in the production of which
two forms of energy?
a. Anode and cathode
b. X-rays and light
c. Heat and light
d. Heat and X-rays
ANS: D
3. The invisible image contained on the imaging plate is made visible following scanning
with what type of energy?
a. Electrons
b. X-rays
c. Laser beam
d. Heat
ANS: C
4. Computed radiography makes use of:
a. high speed intensifying screens
b. an imaging plate coated with a photostimulable phosphor
c. dual emulsion film
d. direct digital imaging plate
ANS: B
5. Contrast on a radiograph is possible only when the object being radiographed has:
a. the proper kilovoltage applied
b. an inherent difference in the atomic number of the object
c. a sufficient amount of milliamperage
d. the area of the X-ray beam coverage
ANS: B
6. mAs is adjusted to control the:
a. penetrating quality of the X-ray beam
b. amount of X-rays produced
c. contrast of the radiographic image
d. area of the X-ray beam coverage
ANS: B
7. kVp is adjusted to control the:
a. radiographic contrast
b. energy of the beam
c. penetrating quality of the beam
d. all of the above
ANS: D
8. Radiographic densities listed from least dense to most dense are:
a. air, muscle, fat, bone
b. fat, air, bone, muscle
c. air, fat, muscle, bone
d. air, fat, bone, muscle
ANS: C
9. Intensifying screens will increase the density by approximately:
a. 10% to 20%
b. 5% to 10%
c. 15% to 30%
d. 20% to 40%
ANS: D
10. Visibility of detail on a radiograph is:
a. improved by decreasing the distance
b. improved by enlarging the field size
c. improved by a radiographic grid
d. improved by reducing the mass
ANS: C
11. Dynamic X-ray studies of the body are produced by which imaging modality?
a. Plain film radiography
b. Magnetic resonance imaging
c. Diagnostic medical sonography
d. Fluoroscopy
ANS: D
12. Dynamic studies of the body using radiopharmaceuticals are produced by which imaging
modality?
a. Positron emission tomography
b. Magnetic resonance imaging
c. Computed tomography
d. Fluoroscopy
ANS: A
13. A portable fluoroscope is also called a:
a. mobile scanner
b. c-arm
4. Myelography is being replaced by which imaging modality?
a. CT
b. Sonography
c. MRI
d. PET
ANS: C
5. Portions of the biliary system may be imaged during a procedure called a(n):
a. ERCP
b. voiding cystourethrogram
c. esophagogram
d. arteriogram
ANS: A
6. An X-ray study used to evaluate the patency of the oviducts is called a(n):
a. arteriogram
b. mammogram
c. hysterosalpingogram
d. myelogram
ANS: C
7. A contrast study used to image the kidneys, ureters, and bladder is called a(n):
a. IVP
b. ERCP
c. UGI
d. KUB
ANS: A
8. Barium enemas are often supplemented with or replaced by:
a. endoscopy and CT
b. MRI and sonography
c. plain films and fluoroscopy
d. digital fluoroscopy alone
ANS: A
9. X-ray studies of certain joints, such as the knee and shoulder, are called:
a. myelograms
b. arthrograms
c. joint contrast studies
d. arthroscopies
ANS: B
10. Which of the following is a radiographic study of the breast?
a. myelogram
b. mammogram
c. hysterosalpingogram
d. arteriogram
ANS: B
Chapter 10: Radiation Safety and Protective Measures
Callaway: Introduction to Radiologic Science, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The roentgen unit is a measure of the:
a. amount of fluorescence from screens
b. number of ions created in air
c. number of ions created in tissue
d. amount of silver atoms on film
ANS: B
2. Total filtration in the X-ray tube must be the equivalent of at least:
a. 2.5 mm aluminum
b. 1.5 mm aluminum
c. 0.5 mm aluminum
d. 1.0 mm aluminum
ANS: A
3. The quality of an X-ray beam is determined by the:
a. heat of the filament
b. kVp
c. mAs
d. distance
ANS: B
4. The stage of life most sensitive to radiation is:
a. fetus
b. adult
c. elderly
d. all may be equally affected
ANS: A
5. X-ray beam collimation is used because:
a. image quality is improved
b. patient dose is decreased
c. scatter radiation is decreased
d. all of the above
ANS: D
6. Radiation dose to the gonads may cause:
a. somatic damage
b. genetic damage
c. cataracts
d. bremsstrahlung
