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A test bank for clayton's basic pharmacology for nurses, 19th edition. It contains multiple choice questions and answers related to various aspects of parenteral administration, including safe preparation of parenteral medications, injection techniques, and iv therapy. The questions cover topics such as needle gauge selection, injection site preparation, and complications associated with iv therapy. This resource can be valuable for nursing students preparing for exams or clinical practice.
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To facilitate flow into the large intestine, patients should be positioned on the left side. The solution should be held for 30 minutes before defecating. Enemas are medications, so the seven rights of medication administration should be followed. Lubrication of the rectal tube will facilitate insertion into the rectum. Gravity will not facilitate the administration of a small volume of enema solution administered from a bottle. DIF: CognitiveLevel: Knowledge REF: p. 115 OBJ: 5 NAT: NCLEXClient Needs Category: Physiological Integrity TOP: NursingProcess Step: Implementation CON: Clinical Judgment | Safety | Patient Education
MULTIPLE CHOICE
a. (^100) mL/unit b. (^10) units/mL c. (^100) units/mL d. (^10) units/100 mL ANS: C U 100 means 100 units/mL. DIF: CognitiveLevel: Comprehension REF: p. 121 OBJ: 3 NAT: NCLEXClient Needs Category: PhysiologicalIntegrity TOP: NursingProcess Step: Assessment CON: Clinical Judgment | Safety
d. (^) The dose is usually larger than an oral dose. ANS: C The onset of drug action is generally more rapid but of shorter duration. Duration of action is not affected by administering a drug parenterally. Parenteral administration can be expensive. The dose of parenteral medications is typically smaller than an oral dose. DIF: CognitiveLevel: Comprehension REF: p. 119 OBJ: 1 NAT: NCLEXClient Needs Category: Safe, Effective Care Environment TOP: NursingProcess Step: Implementation CON: Clinical Judgment | Safety
MULTIPLE CHOICE
c. (^) ―Following exercise, site rotation is not indicated because the circulation in the muscles will absorb the medication efficiently.‖ d. (^) ―If you aspirate, site rotation can be done every other day to avoid developing problems with absorption.‖ ANS: B The American Diabetes Association Clinical Practice recommendations include rotating injections systematically at one site before progressing to another. Insulin is not absorbed into the stomach. Failure to rotate sites can result in lipohypertrophy or lipoatrophy. When subcutaneous (subcut) insulin is administered, aspiration should never be performed. DIF: CognitiveLevel: Comprehension REF: p. 140 OBJ: 2 NAT: NCLEXClient Needs Category: Safe, Effective Care Environment TOP: NursingProcess Step: Implementation CON: Clinical Judgment | Safety | Patient Education
TOP: NursingProcess Step: Implementation CON: Clinical Judgment | Safety
b. (^18) - to 21 - gauge c. (^22) - to 24 - gauge d. (^25) - to 29 - gauge ANS: D Commonly used gauges for subcut injection are 25- to 29-gauge needles. Needles that are 14 to 16 gauge are used for administration of blood or large volumes of fluid in a short period of time. Needles that are 18 to 21 gauge are used for routine parenteral fluid administration. Needles that are 22 to 24 gauge are used for administering fluids or medication via small veins. DIF: CognitiveLevel: Knowledge REF: p. 140 OBJ: 2 NAT: NCLEXClient Needs Category: PhysiologicalIntegrity TOP: NursingProcess Step: Implementation CON: Clinical Judgment | Safety
ANS: A, C, E Allergy sensitivity testing requires the intradermal route. Before administering allergy testing, gathering of equipment and physician‘s orders are necessary. This route is injected into the dermal layer of skin, using a 15 - degree angle. Connective tissue, having poor blood supply, is not appropriate for injection of medication. Previous injection sites would not factor into the decision about where to conduct allergy testing. DIF: CognitiveLevel: Comprehension REF: p. 138 | p. 139 OBJ: 1 NAT: NCLEXClient Needs Category: PhysiologicalIntegrity TOP: NursingProcess Step: Implementation CON: Clinical Judgment | Safety
a. (^) Carefully recap the needle. b. (^) Identify the patient. c. (^) Massage site of injection. d. (^) Dispose of the used needle according to policy. e. (^) Apply a small bandage to the site. ANS: D, E After administering an IM injection, the nurse should dispose of used needles according to policy and apply a small bandage to the site. Needles should never be recapped following use. The patient requires identification before the injection is given. After the needle is removed, gentle pressure should be applied to the site. Massage can increase the pain if the muscle mass is stressed by the amount of medication given. DIF: CognitiveLevel: Application REF: p. 141 | p. 142 OBJ: 3 NAT: NCLEXClient Needs Category: Safe, Effective Care Environment | NCLEXClient Needs Category: PhysiologicalIntegrity TOP: NursingProcess Step: Implementation CON: Clinical Judgment | Safety
MULTIPLE CHOICE
d. (^) Maintain the ordered rate. ANS: D The safest action is to maintain the ordered rate. The healthcare provider should be consulted if the patient has not received critical IV replacement therapy. Increasing an IV rate without a healthcare provider‘s order can be detrimental for patients who have cardiac, renal, or circulatory impairment. Normal aging process results in decreased cardiac, renal, and circulatory function. The rate ordered is the one the provider intended for the administration of fluids; changing it to fit the prevailing situation is not appropriate. The bolus technique should only be used for the administration of medications or fluid challenges in patients who need a volume of IV fluid quickly. The flow rate must be consistent with the provider‘s order. DIF: CognitiveLevel: Application REF: p. 160 OBJ: 6 NAT: NCLEXClient Needs Category: Safe, Effective Care Environment TOP: NursingProcess Step: Implementation CON: Clinical Judgment | Fluid and Electrolytes | Cellular Regulation
NAT: NCLEXClient Needs Category: PhysiologicalIntegrity TOP: NursingProcess Step: Implementation CON: Clinical Judgment
ANS: D PICC lines routinely remain in place for 1 to 3 months but can last for a year or more if cared for properly. DIF: CognitiveLevel: Knowledge REF: p. 154 OBJ: 1 | 6 NAT: NCLEXClient Needs Category: PhysiologicalIntegrity TOP: NursingProcess Step: Implementation CON: Clinical Judgment | Safety | Infection | Tissue Integrity
ANS: B Drugs given by IV push or bolus through a Hickman catheter generally follow the SASH guideline: s aline flush first; a dminister the prescribed drug; s aline flush following the drug; and h eparin flush line. A pump is not used when a drug is administered by push technique. DIF: CognitiveLevel: Application REF: p. 160 OBJ: 6 NAT: NCLEXClient Needs Category: Safe, Effective Care Environment | NCLEXClient Needs Category: PhysiologicalIntegrity TOP: NursingProcess Step: Implementation CON: Clinical Judgment | Safety | Health Promotion