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The Lewis structure for a chlorate ion, ClO3. -1, should show ____ single bond(s), ____ double bond(s), and ____ lone pair(s). a) 2, 1, 10 b) 3, 0, 9.
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a) doric and covalent. b) ionic and electrolytic. c) ionic and covalent. d) electrolytic and compound.
a) PF 5 b) CH 4 c) NBr 3 d) OF 2
a) C b) N c) O d) S
a) Cl and I b) Al and K c) Cl and Mg d) C and S
a) 0 b) + c) - d) -
a) CO 2 b) Cl 2 c) ICl d) NO
a) 4, 2 b) 2, 4 c) 4, 3 d) 2, 3
Explanation: Read the question carefully here, you are being asked for how many valence electrons are paired and how many are unpaired. The abbreviated electron configuration of the P atom is given by [Ne] 3s^2 3p^3. The outermost electrons would be arranged as 2 electrons paired and 3 electrons unpaired as shown below:
a) Mg2- b) Mg2+ c) Mg6- d) Mg6+
Explanation: According to the octet rule the Mg atom will achieve an octet by losing its 2 outermost electrons and thus gaining 2+ charges. Since Mg is located in the alkali metal group it will lose electrons rather than gaining them.
a) P3+ b) P5- c) P5+ d) P3-
Explanation: According to the octet rule the phosphorus atom should gain 3electrons, thus gaining 3 negative charges and forming the phosphide ion.
25- The only noble gas without eight valence electrons is __________.
a) Ar b) Ne c) He d) Kr
Explanation: The noble gases are characterized by the presence of eight electrons in their outermost shell with one notable exception of Helium. Since He has only 2 electrons it can never have 8 in its outermost shell.
26- What is the maximum number of double bonds that a hydrogen atom (H) can form?
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3
Explanation: Each hydrogen atom has a single electron in its valence shell and as a result can form only one bond. It cannot form a double bond as it does not have the necessary electrons to share.
a) 4 b) 1 c) 2 d) 0
Explanation: Each carbon atom has 4 valence electrons that it can share with other atoms. Since each double bond corresponds to a pair of electrons, the carbon atom can form only 2 double bonds.
a) C-H b) N-H c) O-H d) O-N
Explanation: Bond polarity can be judged based on the differences between the electronegativities of the atoms involved. Of the available choices, the bond between O and H will have the largest electronegativity difference making it the most polar bond in this group.
a) 34 b) 36 c) 35 d) 28
Explanation: valence electrons A = (7×1) +(7×1) +1 = 36