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Neurobiology 101: Understanding the Nervous System - Neurons, Signals, and Transmission, Quizzes of Biology

Baylor University (BU)Biology

Definitions and essential terms related to the structure and function of neurons, the fundamental building blocks of the nervous system. Learn about the different types of neuron signals, the roles of ganglia, the brain, and the central and peripheral nervous systems. Discover the anatomy of neurons, the concept of synapses, and the functions of neurotransmitters.

Typology: Quizzes

2009/2010

Uploaded on 03/04/2010

ali-c-2 🇺🇸

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TERM 1

Neurons

DEFINITION 1

The nerve cells that transfer information within the body

TERM 2

2 types of neuron signals

DEFINITION 2

1. long distance elctrical signals 2. short distance chemical

signals

TERM 3

Ganglia

DEFINITION 3

cluster of neurons

TERM 4

Brain

DEFINITION 4

large group of neurons

TERM 5

Sensory Neurons

DEFINITION 5

transmit information from eyes and other sensors

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Neurobiology 101: Understanding the Nervous System - Neurons, Signals, and Transmission, Quizzes of Biology

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Download Neurobiology 101: Understanding the Nervous System - Neurons, Signals, and Transmission and more Quizzes Biology in PDF only on Docsity!

Neurons

The nerve cells that transfer information within the body

TERM 2

2 types of neuron signals

DEFINITION 2

1. long distance elctrical signals 2. short distance chemical

signals

TERM 3

Ganglia

DEFINITION 3

cluster of neurons

TERM 4

Brain

DEFINITION 4

large group of neurons

TERM 5

Sensory Neurons

DEFINITION 5

transmit information from eyes and other sensors

Interneurons

Make only local connections

TERM 7

Motor Neurons

DEFINITION 7

Transmit signals to muscle cells

TERM 8

Central Nervous System (CNS)

DEFINITION 8

System consisting of neurons that carry out integration

Includes brain and spinal cord

TERM 9

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

DEFINITION 9

Neurons that carry into into and out of teh CNS.

TERM 10

Afferent neurons

DEFINITION 10

Give information to the brain (aka sensory neurons) Part of

the PNS

Presynaptic Cell

transmitting neuron

TERM 17

Glia ( pl. Glial)

DEFINITION 17

supporting cells of neurons

TERM 18

Resting potential

DEFINITION 18

Membrane potential of a resting neuron. -60mv to -80 mv.

negative sign means inside is negative relative to the outside

TERM 19

Ion Channel

DEFINITION 19

Converting chemical potential to electric potential; pores

formed clusters of specialized protiens

TERM 20

Ionic gradient maintained

DEFINITION 20

[K+] inside, [Na+] outside via ion pumps and channels. but

the ration is 3:1 for the channels, k to Na

Gated Ion Channel

Ion channel that opens or closes because of stimuli

TERM 22

Hyperpolarization

DEFINITION 22

increase in the magnitude of the membrane potential

TERM 23

Depolarization

DEFINITION 23

Decrease in the magnitude of the membreane potenetial

TERM 24

Voltage gated ion channels

DEFINITION 24

Open or close in response to change in the membrane

potential

TERM 25