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Test 1 | SCI 1101 - Science, Society & Environ I, Quizzes of Political Economy

Class: SCI 1101 - Science, Society & Environ I; University: Kennesaw State University; Term: Fall 2013;

Typology: Quizzes

2013/2014

Uploaded on 02/02/2014

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TERM 1
Meteorite
DEFINITION 1
any extraterrestrial object that is large enough to strike
Earth's surface and make a crater
TERM 2
Impact Crater
DEFINITION 2
formed when a meteorite crashes into a larger planetary
body that has a solid surface.
TERM 3
Hypothesis
DEFINITION 3
a reasonable explanation for an observation; testable, there
needs to be a possibility of disproving it.
TERM 4
Predictions
DEFINITION 4
a statement of what will happen under certain circumstances
if the hypothesis is true
TERM 5
Dependent Variable
DEFINITION 5
variable that is measured to see if changing the independent
variable had an effect, the collected data (Y-axis)
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Meteorite

any extraterrestrial object that is large enough to strike Earth's surface and make a crater TERM 2

Impact Crater

DEFINITION 2 formed when a meteorite crashes into a larger planetary body that has a solid surface. TERM 3

Hypothesis

DEFINITION 3 a reasonable explanation for an observation; testable, there needs to be a possibility of disproving it. TERM 4

Predictions

DEFINITION 4 a statement of what will happen under certain circumstances if the hypothesis is true TERM 5

Dependent Variable

DEFINITION 5 variable that is measured to see if changing the independent variable had an effect, the collected data (Y-axis)

Controlled Variable

factors that might effect the dependent variable and that therefore must be consistent for all cases of the independent variable tested, don't change TERM 7

Joules

DEFINITION 7 the amount of work done by a force of one Newton moving an object through a distance of one meter TERM 8

Control

DEFINITION 8 the portion that you are not performing experimenting on. TERM 9

Statistics

DEFINITION 9 summarize large volumes of mathematical info and so are found wherever theres data to be presented. TERM 10

Mode

DEFINITION 10 the number that occurs most

Data Analysis

to present the data in a concise but clear manner, so that you have sufficient info to make conclusions TERM 17

Bar Graphs

DEFINITION 17 graphing non-continuous data such as data from different experimental groups. TERM 18

Line Graphs

DEFINITION 18 graph for when data is continuous (each point id related to the next, connected by a line) TERM 19

Scatter

Plots

DEFINITION 19 graphing two variables against one another to determine their relationship. TERM 20

Environment

DEFINITION 20 the total of our surroundings (living, nonliving, the built structures, social relationships and institutions)

Environmental Science

study of how the natural world work and how the environment affects human and how we affect it TERM 22

Natural resources

DEFINITION 22 substances and energy sources need for survival TERM 23

Renewable resources

DEFINITION 23 perpetually available resources, can be destroyed TERM 24

Nonrenewable resources

DEFINITION 24 can be depleted (oil, coal, minerals TERM 25

Ecosystem

Services

DEFINITION 25 arise from the normal functioning of natural serviced purify air and water, cycle nutrients, regulate climate pollinate plants, receive and recycle wastes Humans degrade ecosystem services

Interdisciplinary field

Environmental science borrows techniques from multiple disciplines and brings their research together. TERM 32

Natural Sciences (interd.)

DEFINITION 32 information about the world Environmental science programs TERM 33

Social Sciences

DEFINITION 33 Values and human behavior Environmental studio programs TERM 34

Environmental problem

DEFINITION 34 the perception of what constitutes a problem varies between individuals and societies Ex: DDT TERM 35

DDT

DEFINITION 35 killed malaria hard insecticide -residue accumulates in the environment (2-15 yrs Bioaccumulates in an animals body Biomagnifies in the food web affects nervous system

Environmentalism

a social movement dedicated to protecting the natural world TERM 37

Science

DEFINITION 37 a process for producing empirical knowledge about the natural world through methodical and logical studies of nature TERM 38

7 Priciples Of Science

DEFINITION 38 EmpiricismUniformitarianismParsimonyUncertaintyRepeatabilityP is elusiveTestable questions TERM 39

Empiricism

DEFINITION 39 understanding fundamental processes ad natural laws by observation TERM 40

Uniformitarianism

DEFINITION 40 the forces at work today are the same that shaped the world in the past and will in the future

Modern Science's roots

Greek philosophersarabic mathematics and astronomerschinese naturalists TERM 47

Skepticism

DEFINITION 47 Cautious to accept a proposed explanationprovisionally true explanation TERM 48

Reproducibility

DEFINITION 48 producing the same result consistently replication: repeating studies/tests Accuracy: Correctness of measurements Precision: repeatability of results and level of detail TERM 49

Deductive reasoning

DEFINITION 49 start with a general principle and derive a testable prediction about a specific case "top down"uses logical steps to think about something and come to a conclusion Example: Isaac Newton Galileo TERM 50

Inductive reasoning

DEFINITION 50 we study specific examples and try to discover patterns and derive general explanations from collected observations "bottom up"

Science

a systematic process for learning about the world and testing out understanding of it.sorts fact from fictionDevelop solutions to the probe we face TERM 52

The scientific method

DEFINITION 52 a technique for testing ideas with observations TERM 53

Probability

DEFINITION 53 measure of likelihood of occurrence of an event.based on previous observations/standard statistical measurements TERM 54

Frequent observation

DEFINITION 54 High probability of truth TERM 55

High Probability

DEFINITION 55 high certainty of science

Paradigms

overarching models of the world that guide our interpretation of events TERM 62

Communication Revolution

DEFINITION 62 Radio Television Internet E-mail Cell phones Text messaging TERM 63

Quantitative data

DEFINITION 63 Precise and easily comparedgood benchmarks for measuring change TERM 64

Statistics

DEFINITION 64 numbers that let you evaluate and compare, TERM 65

Descriptive Statistics

DEFINITION 65 Help you assess the general state of a groupMeasures of Central Tendancy

Large Sample

reduces the effects of outliershigh or low values TERM 67

Random Sample

DEFINITION 67 minimize biasthe chance that you select only the worst/best citiesChance that sites are too close together: similar conditions TERM 68

Statistical Samples

DEFINITION 68 large and random samples are more likely to fit this "bell curve' shapemean is near the center TERM 69

Standard

Deviation

DEFINITION 69 A measure of data dispersion in the same units as the mean TERM 70

Variance

DEFINITION 70 How far each point from the mean of the data set

The US Human Dimensions of Environmental

Science

less than 5% of the world's populationconsumes 25% of most commercially traded commoditiesProduces25-50% of most industrial wastes TERM 77

The American Lifestyle HDES

DEFINITION 77 1 person- 1,000 pounds of raw materialsEvery yr- 160million tons of garbage TERM 78

Expanded food production

DEFINITION 78 led to increased population and consumptionone of our greatest achievements TERM 79

Increased Production results in

DEFINITION 79 ErosionChanged natural systems TERM 80

Current Environmental Conditions

DEFINITION 80 Pollution Climate Biodiversity Extinctions Oceans

Pollution

Probs

Air Quality Worsened dramatically in many areas Southern Asia 2 mile thick toxic haze 3 million people die/ year 75% of smog and particulate pollution on west coast of US traced to Asia TERM 82

Climate

Probs

DEFINITION 82 Melting glaciers raising sea levels impacted wildlife, forests, health and crops increasingly destructive weather CO2 rose 39% TERM 83

Biodiversity

Probs

DEFINITION 83 The cumulative number and diversity of living thingsHumans actions have driven many species extinct declining dramatically setting in motion a mass extinction event TERM 84

Extinctions probs

DEFINITION 84 Occurring at a rate of K-T habitat destruction overexploitation pollution introduction of exotic organisms TERM 85

Ocean

Probs

DEFINITION 85 1 billion people on developing countries depend on seafood90% of large predators have been removed from the ocean Bluefin tuna, marlin, swordfish, sharks, cod, halibut

Sustainable development

the use of resources to satisfy current needs w/out compromising future availability of resources TERM 92

Development

DEFINITION 92 Purposeful changes to improve the quality of life TERM 93

Triple Bottom Line

DEFINITION 93 Sustainable solutions that meet Environmental goals Economic goals Social goals TERM 94

Independent Variable

DEFINITION 94 variable you have control over, what you can choose and manipulate, what you change