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Dodo Bird Hypothesis
Therapies are generally equivalent in effectiveness. TERM 2
Managed mental health care movement
DEFINITION 2
- Explosion of health care costs led to development of managed care systems. * Designed to hold down costs and usage, create competition, increase quality, and increase accountability. * Mental health is often "carved out" of health insurance. TERM 3
Online Therapy
DEFINITION 3 Benefits: *Access to home-bound, rural, under served clients *Convenient and cost-effective *Flexible Limitations: *Increased liability, inability to pick up on non-verbal cues through computer *Privacy/confidentiality concerns *Applicability of license across state lines TERM 4
Culturally competent counselors
DEFINITION 4
- are aware of own biases * have knowledge of culturally diverse groups * have skills working with culturally different individuals TERM 5
Psychotherapy &
Counseling
DEFINITION 5 *Psychotherapy- Past-oriented, serious mental illness, focus on unconscious, work in hospital/psychiatric settings *Counseling- Strength-based academic/vocational focus, work in schools and pastoral settings Today there is little, if any difference
The Tarasoff Case
Duty to warn potential victims grew out of this landmark case in 1976. Law in California, different states have different laws in case history. Poddar was in therapy at UC and told theapist intended to kill Tarasoff when she came home... he stabbed her to death. TERM 7
HIPPA
DEFINITION 7 Health Insurance Portability And Accountability Act Protects clients access to records, restricts access by others, penalties for inappropriate disclosure TERM 8
Confidentiality
DEFINITION 8 Legal right to privileged communication, expectation that info will NOT be shared without person's explicit agreement. Core concept in counseling, allows client and counselor to create an environment in which client can share information. TERM 9
Limitations of Confidentiality
DEFINITION 9
- Danger to self or others *Child abuse or elder abuse * Court ordered subpoena *Consultation or supervision *Client grants permission TERM 10
Malpractice
DEFINITION 10 4 components necessary: 1.) Professional relationship 2.) Counselor acts inappropriately 3.) Identifiable injury to client 4.) Casual relationship between counselor action and injury established. **Sexual impropriety, completed suicides, and incorrect treatment most common cases.
Defense Mechanisms
- Repression- primary defense mechanism. (forgetting) * Denial- works by ignoring/not acknowledging some aspect of reality that causes anxiety. * Displacement- Transferring feelings, thoughts from one object to a less threatening one.
- Projection- Attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts, feelings or impulses onto another person. TERM 17
Defense Mechanisms
(cont)
DEFINITION 17
- Reaction Formation- Thinking, feeling, or acting in a way that is exactly the opposite of the true inner thoughts, feelings, wishes, urges or impulses. * Undoing- Attempting to correct a thought, feeling, action or impulse that an individual regrets. * Rationalization- an intellectual justification for unacceptable thoughts, wishes, behaviors. TERM 18
Defense Mechanisms
(cont)
DEFINITION 18
- Regression- a return to a previous level of development. *Sublimation- Transforming unacceptable thoughts, feelings or urges into a socially acceptable activity. *Introjection- Taking in the attributes or values of another person and making them one's own. TERM 19
Jung- Analytical Psychology
DEFINITION 19 Emphasizes: *Mystical and Spiritual *Individuals driven to wholeness and unity *Conscious mind includes ego, persona, attitudes, functions *Unconscious mind includes collective and personal unconscious. TERM 20
Carl Jung
DEFINITION 20 was appointed by Freud to carry on theory
Horney's view on
anxiety
Poor parenting leads to basic anxiety and basic hostility: *expect bad things to happen *Cycle: need affection, not met, rejection, more hostile, repressed feelings, more affection *real self is not able to develop TERM 22
Harry Stack Sullivan's view on mental illness
DEFINITION 22 Mental illness results from interpersonal relationships. TERM 23
Erik
Erickson
DEFINITION 23
- 8 developmental stages across lifespan * each stage has a challenge * Successful development will result in more positive outcome, strength and skills for subsequent stages.
- Maladaptive behavior and mental illness result from unsuccessful navigation of each stage. TERM 24
Kohut's self psychology
DEFINITION 24
- Self-object experiences: -Substantial experiences that occur during early development *Healthy narcissism results from positive experiences. - Individuals have high self-esteem and self- confidence *Deficiencies develop from negative experiences. - Narcissism characterized by gaining self-worth through others, needing worth reflected back by others. TERM 25
Ego Analysts
DEFINITION 25 Anna Freud- Freud's Daughter. Believed that normal development proceeded from an egocentric focus on an other-centered focus. Heinz Hartmann Erik Erikson
Long term therapy
Goal is change in core of personality or character change. Presenting problem is tip of the iceberg. Therapy has no time limited and will take however long it takes. More is always better. Emphasis on pathology of early childhood TERM 32
Long Term Therapy
DEFINITION 32 Beginning, middle, end have distinct tasks such as building rapport and interpretations. Therapist activity low. Emphasis on what happens in therapy. Patent selection restricted.
