



Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Prepare for your exams
Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points to download
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Community
Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts
Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users
Free resources
Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors
TECHNIQUES OF THERAPEUTIC COMMUNICATION. Technique. Description. Example. Broad opening statements. To allow the patient to pick the topic,.
Typology: Lecture notes
1 / 5
This page cannot be seen from the preview
Don't miss anything!
Broad opening statements To allow the patient to pick the topic, take the initiative to express self, and set the direction of the conversation. Where would you like to begin? What is on your mind today? What are you thinking about? Is there anything you would like to discuss? Offering general leads Encourages the client to continue and that the nurse is interested in what comes next. Go on. And then? Tell me about it. Exploring Examines certain ideas, experiences, or relationships more fully. Tell me more about that. What kind of relationship do you have with your children? Could you talk about how you felt when you learned you had cancer? Focusing Helps the patient focus on a certain point when they are jumping from topic to topic. Let’s stop and look more closely at your feelings about managing your medications. You’ve mentioned many things. Let’s go back to your thinking of “giving up”. Silence Provides time for the patient to put thoughts or feelings into words, regain composure or continue talking. Maintain an interested, expectant silence. Accepting Indicated the patient has been understood. It does not indicate agreement and is nonjudgmental. Uh-‐hmm. Yes. I’m following you. Nodding. Giving recognition Indicated awareness of change in personal efforts. Does not imply good or bad, right or wrong. Good morning, Mr. Jones. I see you have put on your jewelry today. You’ve finished your list of things to do. Offering self Offers presence, interest, and a desire to listen to the patient. I’ll sit with you her for a while. I would like to spend some time with you. I’m available if you need to talk. Making observations Calls attention to the patient’s physical behavior or emotional state. Verbalizing what the nurse perceives. You appear tense. I noticed that you are biting your lip. You seem upset. You are trembling. Restating/ Paraphrasing Repeating the main idea in order to be sure the patient has been understood. Restating another’s message more briefly using one’s own words. Patient: “I have been tossing and turning all night.” Nurse: “You are having difficulty sleeping.” Patient: “I just give up.” Nurse: “You don’t see the point of trying anymore.” Patient: “I’ve been overweight all my life and never had any problems. I can’t understand why I need to be on a diet. “ Nurse: “You are not convinced that you need a diet because you’ve stayed healthy.” Reflecting Directing questions, feelings and ideas back to the patient. Patient: “What do you think I should do about telling my employer about my
Acknowledges the patient’s right to have opinions and make decisions. illness?” Nurse: “What have you been thinking about this situation?” Patient: “Everyone ignores me”. Nurse: “Ignores you?” Providing information Makes facts available in order to assist in decision-‐making or drawing conclusions. This medication is for you high blood pressure. This test will determine your treatment options. My purpose for being here is….. Acknowledging feelings (empathy) To help the patient know that feelings are understood and accepted. Patient: “I hate it here. I wish I could go home.” Nurse: “It must be difficult to stay in a place you hate.” Clarifying To make clear that which is vague or maximize understanding between the nurse and patient. I am not sure I follow you. What would you say the main point of what you said was? Can you give me an example of a time you thought everyone hated you. Verbalizing implied thoughts and feelings To voice what the patient has implied. To verify impressions to help the patient more fully aware of feelings expressed. Patient: “I can’t talk to you or anyone else because it’s a waste of time.” Nurse: “Do you feel that no one understands?” Patient: “My wife pushes me around just like my mother and sister did.” Nurse: “Is it your impression that women are domineering?” Sharing humor Discharge of energy through comic enjoyment of the imperfect. Can reduce tension and promote mental well-‐being. Must be used carefully and sparingly. This gives a whole new meaning to “just relax”. Seeking consensual validation Searching for mutual understanding especially when slang terms have been used. Tell me whether my understanding of it agrees with yours. Are you using this word to convey that …? Encouraging comparison Brings out recurrent themes by looking at similarities or differences. Was it something like…..? Have you had a similar experience? Has this ever happened before? Encouraging evaluation Assists the patient in considering things from their own set of values or perspective. What did it mean to you when he said her couldn’t stay? How do you feel about your recovery this time in the hospital? Encouraging description of perception Asking the patient to verbalize things from their own perspective. Tell me what is happening right now? Tell me what you are thinking when you feel anxious. Placing the event in time or in sequence To help the patient see cause and effect or identify patterns of events and actions. When did this happen? What seemed to lead up to….? Was it before or after….? Presenting Indicated what is real without Your mother is not here. I am the nurse.
Giving advice Nurse imposes own opinion and solutions on the patient. Implies the patient cannot make own decisions. What you should do is…. Why don’t you…… Get out of that situation immediately. I would leave that person if they did that to me. False reassurance Attempts to dispel anxiety by implying there is not sufficient reason for concern. Don’t worry, everything will be all right. You’re doing fine. I wouldn’t worry about that. I’ve felt that way myself sometimes. Stereotyped comments/ clichés Automatic responses like these are belittling to the patient’s experience. Minimizes the significance of the patient’s feelings. Everything happens for a reason. God doesn’t give you more than you can handle. Keep your chin up. Everyone gets down in the dumps. Giving approval/Disap proval Not client centered. Opinions and conclusions should come exclusively from the patient. Nurses are neutral. Both can cause dependence on the healthcare professional because the patient may want to please the nurse. That’s good thinking. Great job! I agree. I’m glad that……. That’s bad for you. I’d rather you wouldn’t Agreeing/ Disagreeing Implies right and wrong, good or bad from the nurse’s point of view. Now, if the client changes their mind, they are “wrong”. Limits their freedom to think or act in a certain way. That’s the right attitude. I agree. You must be right. That’s not true. You’re wrong. Requesting an explanation-‐ “Why” questions “Why” questions can also imply right or wrong and may be perceived as threatening or intimidating. If the client doesn’t know the answer they may become defensive. Why do you think that? Why do you feel that way? Why don’t you take your medications? Why are you upset? Tell me why you did that? Sympathy Sympathy may be a compassionate response however it is not effective in a therapeutic context. Feeling sorry for the patient may impair good judgment by the nurse and anger the client. I’m so sorry that your leg was amputated. It must be terrible. I’m so sorry you lost your mother. Defensive responses Suggests criticism is unfounded and that the patient has no right to voice their opinion. Your doctor is quite capable. I can’t believe that nurse would give you the wrong medication. No one here would …….. Changing the subject The nurse takes the initiative for the interaction away from the patient, which is usually due to the nurse’s discomfort. Patient: “I can’t stop thinking about my diagnosis.” Nurse: “Let’s go for a walk now.”
Arguing Denies that the patient’s perception was real or accurate. How can you say you didn’t sleep a wink when I heard you snoring all night? You are not working for the CIA.