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TCP/IP Protocol Suite: Understanding IP, ICMP, ARP, and Other Protocols - Prof. Mike Tarn, Study notes of Introduction to Business Management

An overview of the transmission control protocol/internet protocol (tcp/ip) suite, focusing on the internet protocol (ip), internet control message protocol (icmp), and address resolution protocol (arp). It explains how these protocols function in the context of ip addressing, subnet masks, and binary arithmetic. The document also covers additional tcp/ip protocols such as transmission control protocol (tcp), user datagram protocol (udp), domain name system (dns), file transfer protocol (ftp), telnet, simple mail transport protocol (smtp), routing information protocol (rip), and open shortest path first (ospf).

Typology: Study notes

Pre 2010

Uploaded on 11/30/2009

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Chapter 6b: TCP/IP & IP Addressing
CIS 3260: Dr. Mike Tarn
Chapter 6
Network Communications and Protocols
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Download TCP/IP Protocol Suite: Understanding IP, ICMP, ARP, and Other Protocols - Prof. Mike Tarn and more Study notes Introduction to Business Management in PDF only on Docsity!

Chapter 6b: TCP/IP & IP Addressing

CIS 3260: Dr. Mike Tarn Chapter 6 Network Communications and Protocols

Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

  • (^) Most commonly used protocol suite for networking
  • (^) Excellent scalability and superior functionality
  • (^) Able to connect different types of computers and networks
  • (^) Default protocol for Novell NetWare, Windows, all Unix/Linux varieties, and Mac OS

TCP/IPTCP/IP

  • (^) Transmission Control Protocol/Internet

Protocol (TCP/IP)

  • (^) TCP: performs extensive error checking to ensure that data is delivered successfully
  • (^) IP: consists of rules for packaging data and for ensuring it reaches the correct destination address

TCP/IP Compared to OSI Model

TCP/IP Protocols

  • (^) Includes highly compartmentalized and specialized protocols, including: - (^) Internet Protocol (IP) โ€“ Connectionless Network layer protocol that provides source and destination routing; fast, but unreliable - (^) Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) โ€“ Network layer protocol that sends error and control messages between systems or devices - (^) The Ping utility uses ICMP to request a response from a remote host to verify availability
  • (^) Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) โ€“ Network layer protocol that associates logical (IP) address to physical (MAC) address

IP, ICMP, and ARP in Action

More TCP/IP Protocols

  • (^) Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) โ€“ primary Internet transport protocol; connection-oriented; provides reliable delivery; fragments and reassembles messages
  • (^) User Datagram Protocol (UDP) - connectionless Transport layer protocol; fast, unreliable
  • (^) Domain Name System (DNS) โ€“ Session layer name-to-address resolution protocol
  • (^) File Transfer Protocol (FTP) โ€“ performs file transfer, works at Session, Presentation, and Application layers

More TCP/IP Protocols

  • (^) Telnet โ€“ remote terminal emulation protocol; operates at three upper layers; provides connectivity through dissimilar systems
  • (^) Simple Mail Transport Protocol (SMTP) โ€“ operates at three upper layers to provide messaging; allows e- mail to travel on Internet
  • (^) Routing Information Protocol (RIP) โ€“ Network layer distance-vector protocol used for routing; not suitable for large networks
  • (^) Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) โ€“ link-state routing protocol; uses variety of factors to determine best path

IP Addressing

  • (^) IP addresses are rapidly becoming scarce
  • (^) TCP/IPโ€™s technical governing body has

reserved a series of addresses for private

networks

  • (^) IETF is working on a new implementation

of TCP/IP (IPv6) that uses addresses that

are 16 bytes long but retain backward

compatibility with IPv4 4-byte addresses

IP Address Classes

  • (^) Three classes of IP addresses for normal networking: - (^) Class A โ€“ addresses between 1-126; first octet identifies network and last three identify host; over 16 million hosts per network - (^) Class B โ€“ addresses between 128-191; first two octets identify network and last two identify host; over 65,000 hosts per network - (^) Class C โ€“ addresses between 192-223; first three octets identify network and last one identifies host; limited to 254 hosts per network

IP Addressing Class 1 st^ Octet 2 nd^ Octet 3 rd^ Octet 4 th^ Octet Class Start Class End Class A 1-126 0-255 0-255 0-255 1.0.0.0 126.255.255. Class B 128-191 0-255 0-255 0-255 128.0.0.0 191.255.255. Class C 192-223 0-255 0-255 0-255 192.0.0.0 223.255.255. Class A = 256X256X256-2 = 16,777,214 per network address Class B = 256X256-2 = 65,534 per network address Class C = 256-2 = 254 per network address

Subnet Masks

  • (^) Part of IP address identifies network and

part identifies host

  • (^) IP uses subnet mask to determine what part

of address identifies network and what part

identifies host

  • (^) Network section identified by binary 1
  • (^) Host section identified by binary 0

Subnet Masks

  • (^) Each class of addresses has default subnet

mask

  • (^) Class A default subnet mask is 255.0.0.
  • (^) Class B default subnet mask is 255.255.0.
  • (^) Class C default subnet mask is 255.255.255.
  • (^) All devices on single physical network or

network segment must share same network

address and use same subnet mask

To Install the TCP/IP Protocol on a

Windows-based Computer

  • (^) Entering the IP address and subnet mask